Therapeutic exercises at home for children. Exercise therapy (physiotherapy exercises) for children

Unfortunately, even small children are not immune from problems with the spine, poor posture, because modern kids spend more and more time with their parents at home watching TV or with a phone and a tablet in their hands. And such a lifestyle will certainly affect the state of the child's musculoskeletal system. But if it is problematic for adults to correct the curvature of the spine, then in children this is all possible with the help of exercise therapy. This is a physiotherapy exercise that compensates for the lack of motor activity. What features it has in children and what benefits it brings, we will analyze in our article.

What is LFC

This is a set of exercises that is more reminiscent of yoga, because it is performed smoothly, slowly. The basis of physiotherapy exercises is the use of the main function of our body - this is movement. The whole complex is a selected exercise combined with proper breathing.

as a separate section exercise therapy medicine isolated only in the 20th century, but even Plato noted that movement is the same healing power as drugs. Physiotherapy is not only exercise, but also water procedures, normal walking, outdoor games.

The positive aspects of exercise therapy

In order for the body to develop normally, it is important not only proper nutrition but also regular physical activity. Often adults forget about this when they start scolding their kids for being too active. Exercise therapy for children is not just physical therapy, it also plays an educational role:

• The child receives some hygiene knowledge.
• Get to know the world around you better.
• Learn to relate to the world around you.

What does physical therapy give a child? Parents often ask this question, believing that only serious sports can bring benefits. But this is far from true. Exercise therapy exercises:

• contribute to the harmonious development of the musculoskeletal system;
• correct posture;
• back muscles are strengthened;
• in the presence of asymmetry of posture, a correction occurs.

Exercise therapy is a complex that can prevent postural disorders. Therapeutic physical education develops endurance, strength, improves coordination of movements.

Also thanks to exercise therapy:

• immunity is strengthened;
• the body becomes less susceptible to various pathogens;
• the child adapts better to school;
• the work of the whole organism is normalized;
• sleep and appetite improves.

Children especially need exercise therapy for diseases of the musculoskeletal system. But a preliminary consultation of a specialist is necessary in order to choose an effective complex.

Varieties of exercises

Some believe that physiotherapy exercises are an ordinary gymnastics complex, but experts say that any exercise can be attributed to exercise therapy. leisure. Often classes with children are held in a playful way, so that the kids are interested.

All exercises that are included in the complex can be divided into:

1. Are common. They are used to strengthen the entire body.
2. Special exercises are aimed at a specific system, for example, exercise therapy for fractures will contribute to the speedy healing and restoration of mobility of the injured limb. If there is scoliosis or flat feet, then the exercises are selected to correct these pathologies.

All exercises can also be divided into groups:

• active movements.
• Static to hold postures.
• Passive. These exercises are usually included in the complex for babies, because the baby is not yet able to do them on his own.

The nature of the exercises also differs, they are:

• Respiratory.
• Relaxing.
• Stretching.
• Corrective.
• Coordination.

Taking into account what deviations in the musculoskeletal system the child has, the specialist selects a set of exercises.

Contraindications for exercise therapy

Despite the great benefits therapeutic gymnastics, it is not shown to all children, contraindications include:

• The presence of any pathologies in an acute form.
• Malignant tumors.
• Frequent bleeding.
• Heart disease.
• Violation of the rhythm of the heart.
• Poor health of the child.
• Heat.

Even in the absence of contraindications, if the child is ill with a common cold, then it is worth interrupting exercise therapy for a few days, and resuming after recovery.

Features of children's exercise therapy

Since classes are held with children, the instructor must thoroughly prepare. It is important to choose as much as possible more exercise in a playful way. But the following points must also be taken into account:

• The age of the kids.
• The level of physical development.
• The state of the psyche.
• The development of fine motor skills.

Therapeutic gymnastics contributes not only to proper formation posture in a child, strengthening the body, but also normalizing the work of the heart vascular system.

Some rules for exercise therapy

This is a complex that must be performed in compliance with some rules that can make classes more effective:

• Before the first lesson, it is necessary to visit a doctor, because in the presence of serious pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, medical assistance may also be required.
• Classes should be conducted by specialists who can adequately assess the condition of the child.
• It is necessary to load the baby gradually.
• Exercise therapy exercises should not cause pain to the child when performed.
• To make it more interesting for kids, it is necessary to select a variety of exercises, include game moments.
• It is not worth starting the complex immediately after eating, at least 45 minutes should pass.

• You need to work in a room that is well ventilated.
• If the complex is done with a baby, then it should begin and end with a pleasant stroke, but for older children, at the beginning of the complex and at the end, relaxing and breathing exercises.
• Some people think that exercise therapy complex does not require a warm-up, but it is not. It is also divided into an introductory, main and final part.
• The course of exercise therapy is usually prescribed by a doctor, it can be repeated several times during the year.

Features of exercise therapy for scoliosis in a child

Considering that our children now spend much more time at computer monitors than in active movement, it is not surprising that many are already in primary school have the wrong posture. If everything is still not so neglected, then there is every chance to return the straight back to the child.

For this, it is important to choose correct exercises, and only an orthopedist who needs to be visited can do it competently. In serious cases, not only gymnastics may be required, but also the use of a special corset.

Depending on the type of curvature of the spine, exercises are selected:

1. If thoracic kyphosis is diagnosed, then exercise therapy for children must necessarily include exercises to strengthen the muscles of the shoulder girdle, as well as to stretch the muscles of the chest.
2. In the presence of a flat back, it is necessary to choose exercises in such a way that the muscles of the back, legs, shoulder girdle.
3. Scoliosis requires exercises to increase the mobility of the spine, improve coordination of movements, and stretch the spinal column.

Exercise therapy for the shoulder, lumbar - it does not matter, it requires that the exercises be performed regularly. If you practice only a couple of times a week, then there will be no effect.

Approximate complex for preschoolers

It has already been noted that for kids it is necessary to include many game moments in the complex, but the main exercises can be distinguished:

1. It is necessary to start the complex with a warm-up. You can start by walking with high knees for a few seconds, on toes, heels.
2. While waving your arms to the sides, at the same time rise on your toes.
3. exercise with gymnastic stick. Pick it up from the floor, lift it up on outstretched arms and put it on the floor again.
4. Swing your legs from a prone position, while the pelvis should not come off the floor.
5. Exercise "swallow".
6. Half-squat, bending your knees, and take your hands back, return to initial position. The back during the exercise should be straight.
7. Coordination exercise: take turns standing on one leg with arms outstretched to the side.

Exercises can be done using various gymnastic equipment, for example, jump ropes, balls, hoops.

Approximate complex for schoolchildren

After warming up, you can begin to perform the following exercises:

1. Lower and raise your arms with the ball, while the elbows should be apart.
2. Keeping your back straight, you need to lower and raise the ball behind your head.
3. Put one hand behind the back from above, and the other from below and try to fasten them into the lock.
4. Tilts to the side with arms outstretched to the side.
5. Take a position lying on the floor, and bend your back without lifting your pelvis.
6. From a kneeling position with an emphasis on the hands, bend and round the back.
7. Lie on your stomach and at the same time raise your legs and shoulders, lingering for a few seconds.
8. Bicycle exercise.

After the end of the complex, you must definitely walk around, perform breathing exercises. During classes, the coach must necessarily monitor the correctness of the exercises, breathing and the position of the child's back.

Violation of posture is not yet a sentence. If parents pay attention to this in a timely manner, then a special complex will not only quickly return the child to an even back, but also strengthen the entire body.

A newborn baby is limited in movement due to the characteristics of his body. The not fully formed motor apparatus of the crumbs does not allow him to perform those movements that, for example, are available to babies of one year of age. To physical activity the baby developed and improved, physiotherapy exercises for babies are useful. Such gymnastics is very useful for newborns, and can be performed not only in cases of developmental disabilities or any congenital pathologies. Physical education for babies is as mandatory as lessons physical education V kindergarten or school.

What gives babies gymnastics?

Exercise therapy (therapeutic physical culture) can be applied even if the baby is absolutely healthy. After all, there is no guarantee that the pathology will not show up a little later. Therefore, the child must move from birth, of course, with the help of parents and exercise therapy.

But how does therapeutic gymnastics affect the children's body?

1. During exercise, blood flow to muscles and tissues increases.
2. Exchange processes are activated.
3. Improves the functionality of the adrenal glands.
4. General physical development is normalized.
5. Strengthens the body's defense system.
6. The musculoskeletal and skeletal system is properly formed.
7. Promotes the development of important reflexes.
8. The functionality of the gastrointestinal tract is normalized.
9. Stimulates the development of the brain and mental development in general.
10. Strengthens the nervous system.
11. Classes on the ball (fitball) improves the vestibular apparatus.
12. Strong adhesion of muscles and bones is provided.
13. Helps improve sleep and appetite.

Since the baby is happy to play with his arms and legs during periods of wakefulness, therapeutic massage will give him even more pleasure. Gymnastics activates other parts of the baby's body, as a result of which the baby will quickly learn to sit, crawl, walk. In addition, regular exercise therapy is an excellent prevention of muscle hypertonicity and posture disorders. Exercise therapy can be prescribed for hip dysplasia, congenital hip dislocation, muscular torticollis, cerebral palsy, flat feet and clubfoot, congenital scoliosis.

Rules for exercise therapy

Before you start doing therapeutic exercises for your child, you should familiarize yourself with the rules for its implementation.

1. The best time to start exercise therapy is a month old. In this case, gymnastics should alternate with massage. From the age of six months medical complex classes begin to be done with exercise therapy, and end with a massage, allowing the child to relax and unwind.
2. If infant feels unwell, physical education should be canceled. It will be possible to continue doing therapeutic massage only after the baby has fully recovered.
3. A baby may be naughty during a massage. At such moments, you need to distract him with a toy or calm him down by picking him up. It is better to accustom to classes gradually, and the unloved exercise is performed at the very end of the complex.
4. Watch your movements - do not overdo it, otherwise the next time the baby will refuse the massage by screaming and hysteria, remembering the pain and discomfort that he felt last time. Remember: after the procedure, there should be no red spots on the baby's body, and even more bruises.
5. Before you start doing gymnastics, you need to ventilate the room, eliminate drafts. Optimum temperature air - 20-22 0 C. Perform gymnastics 0.5-2 hours after eating and bathing.
6. The table where you will massage the child should be free on three sides so that it is possible to freely approach the baby.
7. It is important to wash your hands thoroughly before the procedure, warm them up, remove all metal objects (bracelets, watches, rings), cut off your nails. On the skin of the hands of an adult there should be no abrasions and wounds.
8. A baby aged after a month can be naked during the procedure, a newborn baby is partially exposed - those places on the body that are massaged are opened.
9. If physiotherapy exercises are carried out, the crumbs are put on a T-shirt or short-sleeved T-shirt, panties with a diaper.

An infant during exercise therapy should lie on a flat surface (for example, on a changing table). Total time classes - 15 minutes. Each exercise is recommended to be repeated three times. All movements should be accompanied by affectionate words, a smile - gymnastics should evoke positive emotions in the child.

It is very important to follow the order of exercise therapy correctly: first, start the complex with gentle and light stroking movements, without pressing hard on the child's body. It is customary to stroke the handles from the fingers to the shoulders, the legs - from the feet up, the tummy - from the sides to the navel. Stroking the tummy should be done exclusively clockwise and around the navel.

General exercises for therapeutic exercises

If the infant is ready to learn what exercise therapy is, start doing the following exercises.

1. We develop proper breathing. Lay the baby on his back, cross his arms over his chest. Raise the handles in turn, hold them slightly in this position. Then lift both handles up, wind them up behind the head, and then lower them down, placing them along the body.
2. Gymnastics for legs. Bend the baby's legs at the knees and hip joints, close them, bringing the knees together. Holding the knee with your thumb, grasp the pelvis of the baby with the rest and rotate the pelvis to the sides. Another exercise is to bend the baby's legs in turn, and then alternate their bending with bending the arms. The third exercise is to spread the legs in the hip joint. At the same time, efforts should not be made - everything should happen slowly and carefully.
3. Twists from back to tummy. In order for the baby to learn to roll over, this exercise must be performed. It is important to have an assistant nearby. The baby should lie on his back. The assistant pulls his right arm up and holds it in this position, and the instructor at this time fixes the right thigh of the crumbs. Then the assistant should fix the right palm of the baby on the table, spreading the palm. The instructor should shift the left leg of the crumbs through the right, helping him roll over on his tummy.
4. How to teach a child to crawl? It is easier to perform the action together: one adult holds the baby by the legs, the second by the hands. The first alternately pulls the legs to the tummy, and the second - in turn rearranges the baby's arms. If the infant does not yet hold his head on his own, another adult should be involved in the exercise.

4 months after birth, the baby will begin to make the first attempts to sit down. During this period, it is important for him to help, and therapeutic exercises will help in this.

1. From the “lying on the back” position, the baby is lifted behind the back, focusing on the right arm, bent at the elbow. The same is repeated with the left handle.
2. The child lies on his back, they give him a stick 2-3 cm thick in his hands. Holding the fists of the crumbs, they lift the baby from the surface of the table, forcing him to sit down. You need to make sure that the legs of the baby remain straight.
3. The stick is placed under the diaper, folded several times, the child is placed on it with the legs, holding it under the armpits. The location of the legs is shoulder width apart. During squats, you need to make sure that the legs do not mix.
4. Tilts on a stick. Put the child, as in the previous exercise. With the right hand, the baby is held by the stomach and chest, and the knees are fixed with the left. After that, slopes are performed.
5. Stand on all fours. Adults lift the child by the tummy, fix the handles on the surface of the table, and bend the legs at the knee and hip joints. In this position, the child should be about 1 minute.

When the baby can already stand on all fours, he is taught to crawl by analogy with crawling on his stomach.

Exercises with the ball (fitball)

It turns out that you can not only play with the ball, but also strengthen the body of a small child. For babies, the following fitball exercises are useful:

• rocking forward-backward, left-right, clockwise, with shaking. In this case, the child should lie on his back;
• we bend the legs of the baby at the knees to the tummy, while lowering the ball towards us, unbend the legs, lowering the ball away from us;
• we train the child’s tummy with the same movements as in the first exercise, only the baby needs to be laid not on the back, but on the tummy.

During exercises on the fitball, you need to cover it with a diaper, and also make sure that the baby does not hit his head in the process. At first, the exercises should be simple and easy, over time they can be complicated.

A set of exercise therapy exercises for babies

As a rule, physiotherapy exercises for children with pathologies are prescribed by a specialist, who also determines which exercises will be most effective for the child. If the child has no abnormalities in physical development no, parents can take the following set of exercises as the basis for gymnastics:

1. Stroking the body, limbs.
2. “Mahi” with handles to the sides from the “lying on the back” position.
3. “Cross swings”: cross the arms of the crumbs on the chest, spread apart, cross again, etc.
4. Alternate flexion / extension of the legs at the knee.
5. Light tapping on the baby's chest (exercise helps strengthen the pectoral muscles).
6. Stroking on the back: we draw the index and middle fingers along the spine in the direction from the bottom up, with the palms from the spine to the ribs, in a circular motion from the lower back to the head (perform with the thumb) and along the lower back from the spine to the ribs.
7. Massaging the scalp with fingers while performing light circular motions, or with a soft brush.

All movements should be accurate, performed without pressure. The complex can be supplemented with new exercises as the child grows up.

Contraindications to exercise therapy

There are cases when therapeutic exercises are categorically contraindicated for infants:

• infectious diseases, fever;
• heart, pulmonary insufficiency;
• skin diseases: allergic dermatitis, fungus, infectious rash, burns, injuries, etc.;
• gastrointestinal disorders, accompanied by vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea;
• bleeding and blood diseases;
• tumors of different etymology;
• changes in urinalysis;
• acute inflammatory and purulent processes.

Also, do not do therapeutic exercises to the child if he has undergone vaccination. You can resume classes 3 days after receiving the vaccine. If the baby's well-being has not improved during this time, gymnastics is postponed for at least a week.

After the first classes, the baby will fall asleep better and sleep soundly. This is a normal reaction when additional physical activity is introduced into the habitual mode of the newborn. But it is worth paying attention to the fact that if the baby becomes capricious and falls asleep badly, you should reduce the load of exercise therapy and completely abandon classes for a couple of days, observing the child's condition all this time. If the child is weakened, give him time to rest - arrange classes in a day or two, but if the baby is in a good mood - do gymnastics daily.

At the age of 7, the child begins to attend school, spends a long time at the desk. Increasing load on nervous system, spine and joints. Nothing affects the health of the baby so badly as hypodynamia.

Exercise therapy helps to increase immunity, strengthen posture, improve blood circulation and activate mental activity.

Exercise therapy not only allows you to treat the existing pathology, but also performs a preventive function. Thanks to regular classes positive changes are taking place.

• increases the body's resistance to viruses and bacteria;
• the body acquires resistance to hypothermia, overheating, jumps in atmospheric pressure;
• the work of the brain is activated;
• hyperactivity decreases, the child becomes more attentive and focused;
• the work of endocrine organs is normalized;
• the emotional background improves;
• aerobic exercise develops the respiratory and cardiac systems, helps reduce sensitivity to allergens;
• the body quickly adapts to school loads.

Important! Exercise therapy for children 7 years old helps to form correct posture, increases endurance of an organism, improves coordination of movements.

Types of exercises

Exercises for children can be divided into 2 types: general strengthening and corrective. The latter are used to treat scoliosis, flat feet and other pathologies. Exist static exercises, during which a certain position is maintained, and dynamic - movements of the limbs and torso.

At the age of 7, a child is not able to perform monotonous physical exercises for a long time - he wants something new, interesting, complex.

Therefore, it is important to avoid monotony: alternate types of movements, change gymnastic apparatus, starting positions. Complexes are used with a stick, a ball, near the gymnastic wall.

Exercises are performed standing, sitting on the floor and a chair, lying on a bench and a rug. During the lesson, game and competitive elements should be used - “who will get the highest apple?”, “Who will keep the ball on his head longer?”

Class rules

If the child has a violation of posture, you should visit an orthopedist, take an x-ray of the spine and get the advice of a doctor. You should also assess the capabilities of the body, find out the absence of pathologies - diseases of the heart, joints, tuberculosis.

Important! Any set of exercises should include a warm-up, the main and the final part. The duration of the lesson with children of the 7th year of life is 20-30 minutes.

The training rules are as follows:

• gradually increase the duration of the lesson and intensity;
• movements should not cause discomfort and pain;
• classes are held before meals or an hour after it;
• after class, the child should feel good, be active;
• the optimum air temperature in the room is 22 degrees and below;
• during the classes, breathing, relaxing, stretching and coordination exercises are used.

Exercise therapy is contraindicated in:

• fever, acute inflammation;
• myopathy;
• arrhythmias;
• bone dysplasia, osteoporosis;
• infectious diseases.

General strengthening exercises

Below is exemplary complex exercises for children 7 years.

1. Walking in place with knees raised - 30 seconds. Then the movements become more difficult: right hand touch the left raised knee and vice versa.
2. Standing near the wall, the feet are located 15-20 cm further from the wall. Lean your hands against the wall and stretch up, bending slightly in thoracic region(inhale). The back is not in contact with the wall. Lower your arms, press your back against the wall, tilt your head forward and down (exhale). The exercise can be made more difficult by performing it on toes.
3. Standing, arms apart, legs shoulder-width apart. Squatting, lean to the side and touch your foot with your hand - exhale. On an inhale, return to a vertical position. Run right and left 6-8 times. To complicate: connect the feet together.
4. Standing near the wall at a distance of one and a half steps. Bend over to the waist, touching the wall with the fingers of the outstretched arms - exhale. While inhaling, straighten up, take your hands back. 6-8 repetitions.
5. Stand up straight, put your legs together. Bend your leg at the knee, clap your hands under it. Repeat for each leg 12 times. To complicate the exercise: raise the leg straightened at the knee forward.
6. Place stools on the sides of the child. Leaning to the side, clap your hand on the seat, straighten up, clap your hands over your head. Run 10 times left and right. To complicate: tilts to the side, without bending the legs at the knees.
7. Jumping in place, hands on the belt - 40 seconds. To complicate: jump, turning the body 90 degrees to the side.

Scoliosis Exercises

Therapeutic physical education in scoliosis plays a leading role. A set of exercises for scoliosis of the 1st degree includes the following parts:

• warm-up;
• lying on your back;
• lying on the stomach;
• standing.

At the beginning of the lesson, the instructor suggests going up to the wall and checking your posture. It should be repeated with children how to stand correctly: head, shoulder blades, buttocks, calf muscles and heels should be in line. Then the children are invited to walk on all fours for 2-3 minutes.

Lying on your stomach

The training is aimed at strengthening the abdominal muscles.

1. Stretching of the spine. Lying down, stretch your arms and legs as far as possible from the body - 15 seconds. Repeat 4 times.
2. Bike. Simulate leg movements, as when riding a bicycle. Keep your feet at a distance of 20 cm from the floor. Do 3 sets of 30 seconds.
3. Swing your legs in the vertical and horizontal direction. 3 sets of 30 sec. When performing swings in a horizontal direction, keep your feet as close to the floor as possible.

Lying on your stomach

Exercises are designed to strengthen the muscles of the back and straighten the spine.

1. Lying on your stomach, stretch your arms and legs as far away from the body as possible. 4 repetitions for 15 seconds.
2. "Swimming". Lying on the stomach, the forehead is pressed against the back of the palms. At the same time, raise your head, shoulders, arms and legs, perform hand movements that imitate breaststroke swimming.
3. Lying down, head pressed to the hands. raise right leg and swing it to the side, repeat for the left leg.
4. I.P. - Same. Swing your leg up, lifting your thigh off the floor.
5. I.P. - Same. raise upper part torso, spread your arms to the sides, turn your palms to the ceiling. Hold the position for 15 seconds. Repeat 4 times.

standing exercises

1. Circles with hands. Lean your hands against your shoulders, rotate your arms back, the amplitude should not be too large.
2. Standing, arms out to the sides, palms facing up. Rise on your toes and sit down, straighten up. Repeat 10 times.

Important! A set of exercises for scoliosis of 2-4 degrees is selected individually.

Stretching exercises for scoliosis are best performed on a fitball, and not on the crossbar. All movements are performed at a moderate pace, combined with muscle tension.

Exercises for flat feet

The cause of flat feet is weakness of the muscles and ligaments. ankle joint and feet. With flat feet, there is an uneven distribution of the load on the spine and joints, which further threatens with a violation of posture. The sooner therapeutic exercises are started, the faster the foot will acquire the correct position.

1. Walking on toes and heels.
2. Walking on the outside and inside Feet.
3. Grabbing a stick with your toes.
4. Walking with bent toes.
5. Rolling a stick or ball with the foot.
6. Log walking.

In the warm season, it will be useful for kids to walk barefoot on grass or sand. The event improves immunity, strengthens the muscles of the legs, hardens the body.

Conclusion

Exercise therapy for children is not only complexes gymnastic exercises. It is useful to practice in the pool, run, ski. If you are working with a child at home, use the most simple exercises but do it regularly.

Childhood is not only that wonderful time when the baby is distinguished by spontaneity, liveliness, curiosity, but also this time - when his child's body grows and develops, when the formation of all body systems takes place. Therefore, it is very important to help the child during this period, but not only psychologically (play with him, study, explain), but also physically, namely, to do gymnastics. And it is necessary to do this, even if medicine does not show it. For a child (especially under the age of one), gymnastics is of great importance, I must say - even more than for an adult. After all, physical education has a very beneficial effect on both the physical and mental development of children. Thanks to systematic studies physical education in children is the timely emergence of motor and speech skills, and, in the future, their proper development and improvement.

And if the child is premature, artificially fed, inactive, if he has a poor appetite, he is nervously excitable and has suffered any disease, then in such cases physical education is especially necessary and important. And a very great need for classes physical education experienced by those children who have deviations in physical or mental development.

I must say that exercise therapy for children who are not yet a year old consists of reflex, passive and active exercises. What are these exercises? The movements that the child makes in response to some kind of stimulation from the outside are called reflex exercises. These movements are unconscious. If the person involved with the child does the exercises for him, i.e. the child is passive at this moment, then such exercises are called passive. And if the child does the exercises himself, does everything on his own, then, accordingly, these are active exercises. Also, physical education for children, as a rule, is complemented by children's massage.

Gymnastics for children from 1.5 to 3 months.

It should be noted that children of this age are different increased tone muscles, and they also reveal some innate reflexes. Therefore, at this age, it is recommended to use only reflex exercises. Namely:

• extension of the spine - the child lies on his side, and he evokes a reflex as a result of running his fingers along both sides of the spine from the buttocks to the shoulder girdle (it is recommended to perform the exercise 2-3 times on each side).
• the next exercise is raising the head. The reflex is evoked when lifting a child, who lies on his stomach, with one palm, while the other palm holds the baby by the feet and shins (repeat 1-2 times).
• Flexion and extension of the toes - this reflex is caused when the child's legs are grasped with one hand, while the other hand first presses on the sole at the roots of the fingers, and then runs a finger along the outer edge of the foot (the exercise should be performed 3-4 times).
• And the last recommended exercise is “dancing”. This reflex is evoked when the child is placed on the table, supporting under the armpits (perform 4-6 times).

Physical education for children from 3 to 4 months.

This age of the child is characterized by the fact that he has a balance in the tone of the flexor and extensor muscles of the hands. Therefore, at this time, emphasis should be placed on passive exercises for babies. The following exercises are required:

• The child lies on his back, and his arms are crossed over his chest (repeat 4-6 times).
• The child also lies on his back, and he is turned on his stomach to the right and left - a passive exercise in which the child is held by the feet with one hand and the arm bent at the elbow with the other (first one arm, then the other) (perform 1-2 times).
• Extension of the spine and legs is a reflex exercise, during which the child is held with one hand under the stomach, and with the other by the legs, and rises above the table (do 2-3 times).
• The child lies on his back and a reflex exercise is performed with him - abduction and adduction of the feet, in which you need to run your finger (with light pressure) along the edge and around the child's foot (perform 2-3 times).
• And, finally, "dancing", which was mentioned above (repeat 6-8 times).

Gymnastics for children from 4 to 5 months.

This age is remarkable in that the child is establishing the tone of the muscles of the legs and neck. At this time, the following exercises should be done with the children:

• Passive exercise - crossing the child's arms on the chest plus flexion and extension of the arms (repeat 6-8 times).
• Reflex exercise - the child lies on his back, and the head, spine and legs of the child are bent, while you need to take the baby under the back and buttocks and hold it above the table (perform 1-2 times).
• Then we perform a passive exercise called "stomping". For this, the child's shins are clasped with their hands and the legs are bent at the hip and knee joints, feet fall on the table alternately and both at once (repeat 8-12 times).
• Reflex exercise - turning the child from the back to the stomach to the right and left (perform 1-2 times).
• Then the next reflex exercise - the child is lifted, holding under the stomach, and the extension of the spine and legs is performed (do 1-2 times)
• Passive exercise - "sitting down". When performing this exercise, the child is placed on his back, his hands are taken above the wrist, they are taken to the side, slightly sipping (perform 2-3 times)
• Again, a passive exercise - lifting the child to his feet. The child is placed on his stomach, and his arms, bent at the elbows, are laid back (repeat 2-3 times)
• And finally active exercise- "overstepping". When performing this exercise, the child is held under the armpits and placed with their feet on the table (do 1 time)

Physical education for children from 6 to 9 months.

A child at this age develops voluntary movements. Therefore, the complex of physical education includes active exercises that encourage the child to crawl, sit and stand. The following exercises are recommended:

• The child lies on his back and a passive exercise is carried out with him - raising straight arms and circular movements in shoulder joints(perform 4-6 times).
• Passive exercise - raising straight legs, in which the child's knees are fixed with hands and his legs rise to a vertical position (repeat 4-6 times).
• Passive exercise. The child lies on his back, and circular movements of the legs are performed in the hip joints (perform 4-6 times).
• Reflex exercise - turn from back to stomach to the right and left (do 1-2 times).
• Passive exercise - abduction of the shoulders back to the attention of the shoulder blades. When performing this exercise, the child is placed on his stomach and his arms are pulled back (repeat 1-3 times).
• The child is placed on his back and a passive exercise is performed - flexion and extension of the legs (perform 3-5 times).
• And finally, an active exercise - crawling. To do this, a brightly colored toy is placed in front of the child, and his feet are fixed in such a way that the legs are bent at the knee and hip joints (repeat 4-6 times).

Gymnastics for children from 9 to 12 months.

This age of the child is characterized by the fact that he develops coordinated movements, as well as the desire to walk. You need to do the following exercises:

• Active exercise - flexion and extension of the legs. Can be performed from any position (repeat 5-6 times).
• Active exercise - standing up. In this case, the child must be supported and guided (perform 1-2 times).
• Active exercise - tilting and straightening the torso. This exercise performed when the child stands with his back against an adult, and a toy is placed near his feet and the child is asked to pick it up (do 2-3 times).
• An active exercise, which consists in getting a toy, similar to the previous exercise, only the toy is located at the level of the child's shoulders (perform 4-6 times).
• An active exercise that consists of bending and unbending the child's arms. The child is invited to grasp the rings, and then the adult pulls them, bending and unbending the child's arms (repeat 5-6 times).
• Active exercise - squat. The child is invited to sit down, while an adult should hold him and help him (perform 4-6 times)
• And, the last - walking (active exercise). This exercise should be done for approximately 1-2 minutes.

Every parent should remember that physical education for a child should be daily activity, it should bring joy and pleasure to the child. Try to perform all of the listed exercises, if you yourself do not know how to perform them correctly, then ask the pediatrician to show you, and in the future you will be able to do them yourself at home.

Children's physiotherapy exercises (LFK) occupies an important place among physiotherapy and other methods of treating a child. It includes different kinds exercise aimed at eliminating the symptoms of various diseases, strengthening the body and preventing the occurrence of a number of health disorders.

Unlike other methods of treatment, physical therapy involves the active participation of the child himself in the process of training, while other methods (for example, massage, mineral baths or procedures performed using various devices) do not require any effort on the part of the patient. The more important and more stable is the achieved effect, because everything that is achieved with difficulty is more valuable and useful than that obtained without the active participation of the person himself.

When working with children, the specialists of the SM-Doctor clinic in Moscow use various sets of exercises aimed at getting rid of the symptoms of a number of diseases. The exercise therapy center provides classes for children and adolescents, the program of which is tailored to the individual characteristics of the body of each patient.

Indications for use

Physiotherapy exercises are used by specialists of the SM-Doctor clinic to improve the health of children with various diseases. The list of indications for the use of children's exercise therapy is quite extensive:

• violations at work of cardio-vascular system outside the exacerbation phase;
• peripheral vascular disease;
• chronic respiratory diseases;
• disorders in the digestive system;
• diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract;
• metabolic disorders, including obesity;
• diseases of the nervous system;
• with osteochondrosis, scoliosis and other diseases of the spine;
• disorders and injuries of the musculoskeletal system.

When deciding on the appointment of physical therapy classes, the pediatrician also takes into account possible contraindications to performing exercises: inflammatory processes in the acute stage, febrile conditions, sinus tachycardia, infectious diseases, pronounced pain syndrome, a tendency to bleeding, the general serious condition of the patient.

Features of children's physiotherapy exercises in "SM-Doctor"

Children's physical therapy in Moscow is successfully used in the clinic "SM-Doctor". Qualified specialists conduct classes taking into account the necessary indications, degree physical fitness child, phase of the disease.

Before conducting classes, an individual course is made up for each patient, which consists of an introductory, main and final period. Initially, physical activity increases gradually, and as the level improves physical training patient, the intensity of exercise is increased and brought to the required level.

All exercises of therapeutic gymnastics are performed by children under the supervision of an instructor. The healing effect is achieved only if the entire course of exercise therapy is regularly performed. Particular attention during the course is given to correct breathing the ability to relax various groups muscles.

It is better to perform any exercises under the guidance and supervision of a specialist, because at home it is difficult for parents to dose physical activity children.

The cost of classes is affordable, and the effect obtained many times pays for the effort spent.

Positive results

Thanks to regular physical therapy exercises, a stable positive effect, which is as follows:

• the metabolism in the body is normalized;
• muscles are strengthened and muscle tone;
• indicators of coordination of movements and balance improve;
  immunity increases;
• improves blood and lymph flow in the body;
• the psycho-emotional state of the child is normalized;
• the performance of the heart and respiratory organs improves.

Treatment of diseases of children's physical therapy

Specialists of the clinic "SM-Doctor" advise to perform exercises of the complex of physiotherapy exercises in the presence of the following diseases in children:

• metabolic diseases;
• degenerative processes in the musculoskeletal tissues (osteochondrosis, scoliosis, etc.);
• diseases of the cardiovascular system (in the absence of contraindications);
• injuries of the musculoskeletal system;
• diseases of the digestive system;
• chronic respiratory diseases outside the exacerbation phase.

Rehabilitation with the help of children's physiotherapy exercises

Physiotherapy exercises have a very beneficial effect on the child's body after suffering illnesses or injuries, therefore they are recommended in the following cases:

• after operations on the heart, abdominal organs, lungs in order to shorten the postoperative period and restore the necessary functions of the organs;
• during the recovery period after injuries, bruises, fractures;
• after orthopedic operations;
• to speed up the recovery period after suffering respiratory diseases.

The use of children's physiotherapy exercises for the prevention of diseases

Physiotherapy exercises are also indispensable in order to prevent the appearance of a number of diseases. Thanks to regular physical activity the child's immunity is noticeably increased, as a result of which the body's resistance to the occurrence of respiratory diseases increases.

As a result of strengthening muscles and ligaments, the risk of sprains, fractures and other injuries, for example, in case of an accidental fall, is reduced.

Physical exercise is extremely beneficial for the spine. Due to the strengthening of the spinal column, the likelihood of developing osteochondrosis is reduced, and at present, this disease can appear even in adolescents due to seated image life and hours spent at the computer.

Classes also strengthen the nervous system of the child, which is very important for the proper organization of the learning process and the preservation of the health of the student. With regular exercise, all indicators of children's health improve.

Doctors attend the following clinics:

Name of service	Price, rub.)
Physiotherapy appointment	1800
Physiotherapist appointment (repeated)	1700
Consultation of a physiotherapist, candidate of medical sciences	2600
Exercise therapy for violation of posture ( individual lesson)	1000
Exercise therapy for violation of posture (group lesson)	500
Exercise therapy for deformation of the legs and feet (individual lesson)	600
Exercise therapy for deformation of the legs and feet (group lesson)	300
Exercise therapy for diseases of the musculoskeletal system (fractures, sprains, contractures) (individual lesson)	800
Exercise therapy for diseases of the musculoskeletal system (fractures, sprains, contractures) (group session)	450
Exercise therapy for diseases of the cardiovascular system (individual lesson)	750
Exercise therapy for diseases of the cardiovascular system (group session)	500
Exercise therapy for diseases of the upper respiratory tract and lungs (individual lesson)	800
Exercise therapy for diseases of the upper respiratory tract and lungs (group session)	450
Exercise therapy for diseases of the endocrine system (individual lesson)	750
Exercise therapy for diseases of the endocrine system (group session)	400

Services of the children's department in the city of Solnechnogorsk are provided with a 15% discount from the prices indicated in the price list