Airborne Troops Russian Federation- one of those military branches where traditions, morality and physical strength are best known. Vasily Filippovich Margelov - the legendary founder of the airborne troops, "BATYA" - as the paratroopers themselves call him - even at the dawn of the winged infantry laid basic principles and standards for those who aspired to serve in an army capable of crossing Europe in a week.
It was in the Soviet Union that by the mid-80s, 14 separate brigades, two separate regiments and about 20 separate battalions in blue berets were formed. One brigade corresponded to a separate military district, in which a special instructor monitored the physical form of the fighters in each company.
Standards for admission to the service in the Airborne Forces Soviet Union were, if not sports, then near-sports for sure - pull-ups 20 times, a run of 100 meters, a marathon run of 10 kilometers, push-ups - at least 50 times. The morning hour of physical training of Soviet paratroopers was generally different from almost all military branches - there were both jumps and jumps with a 360-degree turn, pull-ups and, of course, push-ups.
In the Russian army under the Minister of Defense Sergei Shoigu, the Soviet direction of the physical training of paratroopers began to grow qualitatively. Although the requirements for entering the service in the airborne troops of Russia are somewhat softer than in the Soviet Union, this is only the minimum set in order to obtain a pass and the opportunity to serve in the ranks of the country's best conscripts.
To get to serve in the Airborne Forces, you must have a weight of 75 to 85 kg and a height of 175 to 190 centimeters. If growth is a quantity that cannot be influenced, then excess weight with a strong desire to serve in the Airborne Forces, it is advisable to reset. Such strict selection criteria are due to the specifics of the service, because most special forces are selected precisely with the wording "Fit for service in the airborne troops." General state health - no less important factor, which directly affects whether a conscript gets to serve in the Airborne Forces or not.
Smoking, heart disease, addiction to alcohol - the conscript should be deprived of all this in principle, so that the draft board does not have any questions during the examination. The heaviest physical exercise people who smoke and have bad habits in general, according to the military, are categorically contraindicated.
Particular attention in the Airborne Forces is paid to vision - even a slight deterioration in it can be a reason for refusing to enroll in this type of troops. In addition to almost absolute health, after the recruit is enrolled in the Airborne Forces, it is also necessary to have endurance, since about 20% of conscripts cannot cope with standard loads after enrollment and can be sent to serve in other branches of the military.
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MARINES
The Marines are one of the most prepared and physically strong guys in Russia. Interspecific competitions, military reviews and other events where it is necessary to show the level of physical strength, traditionally cannot do without representatives of the Marine Corps.
In addition to the general physical “strength”, a potential “marine” must have: height from 175 cm, weight up to 80 kg, not be registered in a psychiatric, narcological and other dispensaries both at the place of registration and at the place of residence, and it is also desirable to have one from sports categories. Availability rule sports achievements He also works in the Airborne Forces, however, according to the established tradition, it is in the Marine Corps that recruits-athletes are given increased attention and entrusted with the most responsible tasks.
“The essence of this tactic is that a conscript athlete does not need to inspire and instill a sense of responsibility and discipline. Athletes with serious achievements, as a rule, are already disciplined people and they don’t need additional motivation in this regard, ”Viktor Kalanchin, deputy head of the draft commission of one of the capital’s military registration and enlistment offices, said in an interview with Zvezda.
Also, it is in the Marine Corps that special attention is paid to conscripts with certain technical knowledge: radio engineering, electronics, and computing devices. Such qualities help to prepare for a military specialty right during military service and in the future will give serious help when entering the service under a contract.
As for the physical requirements necessary for service in the Russian Marine Corps, everything is simple - excellent health in category A, the ability to pull up at least 10-12 times and the absence of chronic diseases. The rest, according to the military, will be consistently and diligently brought up in the conscript.
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SPECIAL FORCES
Special tasks and requirements are imposed on people who perform special tasks. It should be remembered, however, that special forces, whatever it may be, are not combined arms training, but hard and daily work, which not everyone can cope with. However, it is precisely with the offer to serve in special forces that recruits are “suited” precisely after, and even during their service in the airborne troops or marines.
In any case, according to the military commissars, the percentage of conscripts from these military branches in the special forces is the highest. The rules of standard training (both physical and psychological) do not work in special forces. Here, every fighter is made into a universal soldier, capable of doing everything and doing it with high quality.
Running, pull-ups, grueling forced marches at a distance three times greater than the usual army - all this is present in abundance in the preparation of special forces. However, special forces are different for special forces and each special forces unit has its own specifics.
Spetsnaz of the Main Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff and special forces of the FSB among special units stand apart: 20, or even all 30 pull-ups, 30 push-ups on the uneven bars, running a distance of a thousand meters in three minutes - this is far from full list of what needs to be done in order to start being considered as a candidate for service in the best Russian special forces units.
Andrey Vasiliev, an instructor in one of the Moscow rapid reaction units, in an interview with Zvezda, said that physical activity is the most insignificant thing that people who aspire to serve in special forces will have to face:
“In intelligence, in addition to endurance and physical form the mind is also important. Therefore, analytical thinking, the ability to quickly make certain decisions that will effectively complete the task, is no less important than, for example, physical strength. The main attention in such things is given to people who, before serving in the army, received higher education in some technical specialty. I know for sure that they have shown and are showing increased attention to such people.
One of the most serious tests for those who want to test their physical and psychological abilities can be an exam for the right to wear a "maroon" beret. It is this insignia of the special forces of the internal troops that is the best proof of the "professional suitability" of a fighter. The exhausting test, which includes an almost marathon forced march, an obstacle course, hand-to-hand combat with an instructor, not everyone passes.
According to statistics, only 20-30% of the examinees pass the test. Contrary to popular belief, the exam for the right to wear a maroon beret does not end with physical activity.
The basics of shooting skills against the background of severe fatigue, the basics of storming a building using special equipment, high-speed shooting- all this is included in the mandatory list of tests for those who want to devote their lives to special forces. The set of rules, both for army units and for special forces, says one thing - service for the good of the Fatherland is not a vacation.
This is hard, difficult and truly masculine work, requiring absolute physical health and serious mental abilities. It is the combination of these qualities that allows yesterday's ordinary guys to get into the elite troops, and those who have served or are serving improve their professional skills and move up the ladder of military service.
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Primary selection in the FSB
The selection system for special forces is carried out in several stages. For service in the special forces of the Special Purpose Center of the FSB of Russia, as a rule, officers and warrant officers, as well as cadets of military schools, are selected as candidates for officer positions. Ninety-seven percent of positions in spetsnaz are officer positions, and only three percent are ensign positions. Accordingly, an officer must have a higher education, an ensign - not lower than secondary.
Ensigns are usually appointed to the positions of drivers and instructors.
Firstly, a candidate for special forces must be recommended either by an active employee of the TsSN, or from those who previously served in Alfa or Vympel. There is also a selection from cadets of universities of the Ministry of Defense or from border institutes. Preference is given to those who are already studying at the Faculty of Special Forces, which is in the Novosibirsk Higher Combined Arms Command School. There is a selection of guys from the Moscow VOKU. Employees of the Center come to these educational institutions and carry out the primary selection. First, the personal files of cadets are studied, and then potential candidates are interviewed.
For candidates, there is one serious restriction on physical data - height must be at least 175 centimeters. This is due to the fact that in operations, employees often use heavy armored shields of impressive dimensions. For undersized employees, these protective equipment simply drags along the ground. An exception may be made for a candidate whose professional merit outweighs the lack of stature.
Another limitation is age. The candidate must be no older than 28 years old. True, for those who come to the CSN from other power structures and have combat experience, an exception may be made.
The requirements for employees of Department "A" and Department "B" are slightly different. In Department "A" they are somewhat higher.
Physical testing is divided into two stages, which take place on the same day. During the first, candidates pass physical training standards, followed by hand-to-hand combat sparring.
The candidate arrives at the “object”, changes into sportswear by season. He must run a distance of three kilometers in 10 minutes 30 seconds. After the finish, he is given 5 minutes to rest, and then his sprinting qualities are tested in overcoming the hundred meters for a while. The credit result is about 12 seconds. Then, with a light run, you need to climb to the gym, where the candidate is waiting for the crossbar. A candidate for Department "A" must pull himself up 25 times, for Department "B" - 20. Here and below, after each exercise, 3 minutes of rest are given between exercises.
Next, you need to complete 90 flexions and extensions of the torso in two minutes. This is followed by push-ups from the floor. The offset for Control "A" is 90 times, for Control "B" - 75. Sometimes push-ups from the floor can be replaced with push-ups on the uneven bars. In this case, the required amount is 30 times. The execution time is not strictly limited, but the candidate is not allowed to rest during the execution. They are also quite strict about how the exercise is performed. If the candidate, in the opinion of the receiving employee, does not clearly perform this or that exercise, it is not counted to him.
After that, the candidate is invited to complete a comprehensive strength exercise. For "A" and "B" - 7 and 5 times, respectively. A complex exercise includes 15 push-ups from the floor, 15 flexion and extension of the torso (check abdominals), then 15 times the transition from the position of "crouching emphasis" to "lying emphasis" and back, then 15 jumps from the "crouching" position up. Each exercise is given 10 seconds. The described cycle is a single execution complex exercise. There is no rest break between each exercise. Sometimes in Office "A" it is proposed to perform an endurance test - jump up 100 times.
hand-to-hand combat
AFTER FINISHING physical testing, the candidate rests for 3 minutes, after which, putting on protection on his legs, on his groin, a helmet on his head, gloves on his hands, he goes to the wrestler
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Admission to the OMON
General requirements: a man aged 18 to 35 years, education must be at least secondary, completed compulsory service in the military forces of the Russian Federation, characteristics from the army or from the place of work must be perfect, no criminal record, perfect health, excellent physical training.
However, even if the candidate meets all the above requirements, it will not be so easy to enter the service in the OMON.
Stages of admission to the service in the OMON:
1. Visit to the personnel department of the police department at the place of registration. There you will be informed about all the rules for admission to the service. It is necessary to provide the personnel department with a completed application form (the form will be issued), photographs of the established sample, a reference from the place of work or from the place of military service, education documents, an identity document. Based on the results of the verification of the documents submitted to the OK, they will issue a referral to undergo a military medical commission (VVK), a referral to the Center for Psychological Diagnosis (CPD), a referral to an exam in physical fitness.
2. Prior to undergoing IHC and CPD, it is necessary to undergo a series of medical tests, pass numerous tests for various infections, and also provide certificates from narcological, psychiatric, and tuberculosis dispensaries. Moreover, all analyzes and references are paid. The approximate total cost is 5-7 thousand rubles.
3. Entering the service in the OMON is an extremely difficult task. To successfully pass the VVK, the candidate must be:
Height - at least 170 cm;
The minimum visual acuity for distance is 0.6 diopters for each eye; Permissible myopia - 0.75 diopters in each eye, farsightedness - 2.0 diopters in each eye. The presence of non-structural scoliosis up to 8 degrees according to the Instructions does not prevent service in the police department. Candidates with fitness category B on a military ID (fit for service with minor restrictions) when passing the VVK are recognized as unfit for service in the OMON.
Percussion technique;
Wrestling in clothes;
Mixed style.
The main task of the candidate is to show not only tactical and technical readiness how much activity and initiative.
A candidate who has passed all the above tests is credited to the service in the OMON.
"Remember, the main technique of hand-to-hand combat: first, throw a grenade at the enemy... ”- from the instructions of the hand-to-hand instructor, the head of the physical training of the parachute regiment (RPA).
The main, perhaps, the secret of hand-to-hand style airborne combat, in that ... there were no secrets! There are no and never existed any terrible special strikes at super-secret points, no “delayed death touches” and other super-exotics ... So, paratroopers and special forces are lying, claiming that the Beret will cope with several opponents in a fight? - No! Don't lie! Works and is very EFFECTIVE!
But if you film this fight and show it later at normal speed, then 9 out of 10 spectators will simply not understand anything about what is happening, and half will be disappointed and wonder: why do they fall so easily? What's the matter?
I want to clarify right away - I'm not talking here about the hand-to-hand combat of "special forces", especially officer units such as "Vympel", "Alpha" and "Cascade", especially imprisoned for forceful detention of living languages or criminals! — there is its own specificity and without knowing I will not even speak! I am talking about hand-to-hand combat training of ordinary airborne forces (Uncle Vasya's troops). Somehow in one book I came across the following reasoning, I quote in a free paraphrase: “ No matter how cynical it sounds, everything has its price and a soldier's life - even more so. This price is the price of training a new soldier to replace an out-of-service soldier. After all, no matter how skilled a fighter is, this will not save him from either a crossbow bolt or, what is more offensive, from bloody diarrhea."... Rough, but fair...
I don’t want to say anything bad about oriental martial arts schools, but ... Prepare in six months or a year real person using the training methods of karate, taekwondo, taijiquan and so on - impossible! In six months, he, at best, will learn two or three basic stances, and the ability to breathe more or less correctly in a stance, and not in battle!
In a real hand-to-hand fight, such a fighter is a danger to only one person - to himself! Only after five or seven years of daily painstaking many hours of training, he will begin to understand that he has only come close to mastering the basics! You understand, preparing SOLDIERS in this way is pointless! There are simply no these five to seven years for the preparation of not even a fighter - a semi-finished product!
As a person who participated (and SURVIVED!) after three real hand-to-hand combat fights, let me note that there is still a school for hand-to-hand combat of the Airborne Forces, a training system! And she is EFFICIENT! What are the basic principles of training a fighter? It should also be taken into account that in addition to physical training, there is also a daily service! Shooting training, training in a combat specialty, drill (to her), outfits and guards, and so on and so forth! But the system has proven its effectiveness, so what does it consist of, this paratrooper hand-to-hand training system? I'll try to answer...
The entire system of hand-to-hand combat training of the Airborne Forces is based on three pillars, each component is important, and the question does not make sense - which one! This - psychological preparation, physical training and a set of basic hand-to-hand combat techniques. Let's take them in turn.
So, PSYCHOLOGICAL PREPARATION . It includes bringing to the subconscious level, to a conditioned reflex: a fight is NOT a competition! It is impossible to WIN OR LOSE! In battle, you can either WIN or die, the third, as they say, is not given ... No one will shake your hand before the fight or make a ritual bow. They will immediately try to kill you, and by all means that are available at the moment!
The preparation was carried out quite simply, but effectively, no one conducted conversations with us and psychological tests - we were simply beaten! Not to defeat, but in such a way that it didn’t seem enough! I emphasize - they didn’t beat them, but beat them! Feel the difference! You could get slapped or be caught in a choke hold at any moment: at the moment of a conversation with an officer, standing on the nightstand as an orderly, just walking through the unit. Dodging a hit or grab was encouraged! The answer is even better! Although this, in fairness it is worth saying, rarely anyone succeeded!
They say that such a system was introduced into the practice of the Airborne Forces by their commander - the legendary V.F. Margelov - I don’t know, but if this is so, then bow to him for that! SUCH a training system saved many lives in real wars, and me too ... I still, although more than thirty years have passed, I simply physically cannot go around the corner of the building close to it, I go around in three or four steps ...
Constant pressure, in which, by the way, there was nothing personal, because the grandfather received the same as the young one, he developed the habit of constant vigilance, the ability not to relax even in a dream, some kind of sixth sense of danger ...
PHYSICAL TRAINING in the Airborne Forces does not require special comments. Endurance training - running in different conditions, goose stepping, alternation of accelerations, ragged rhythm ... strength training- pull-ups, push-ups different kind, squats, jumps ... rocking the press again in different ways. All this - “I can’t through it” until complete darkness in my eyes ... I still have enough hurt, although dmb-77 ...
What's up SET OF BASIC TECHNIQUES melee, here it is necessary to decipher ... Not for landing and special forces - they know everything anyway! For fans of films like Rimbaud... This is exactly the training BASIC techniques, and not RECEPTIONS, and quite individual ... Someone is more comfortable throwing, someone prefers shock, someone is closer to chokeholds or techniques to break ligaments and fractures of joints. The basics were given to everyone, then the development of stereotypes, bringing the movement to the level of a knee-jerk reflex - there is no time to think in battle, the body reacts by itself, the thought does not have time!
The blows were practiced on various kinds of simulators such as makiwara and a punching bag, throws - with each other, VERY CAREFULLY AND NOT IN FULL power, also applies to various kinds of pain and suffocation. And after mastering basic movements everyone trained on their own! No combat sparring in real life, with one exception, which is discussed below ... After all, an attempt to carry out, for example, in sparring conditions, an elbow strike to the Adam's apple for one of the fighters may well be the last ...
And I also note, no BALLET in the spirit of Van Dam and Chuck Norris! Legs work up to the knee, not higher! Anterior part of the lower leg and ankle, inner surface of the lower leg. Knee - a blow to the crotch and inside hips. The elbow is mainly for finishing off an enemy who has already lost his bearings. Everything is simple and not spectacular, ugly ... BUT - EFFECTIVE!
Now for the exception: about once every two weeks they put a boxing helmet on you and let you out against four or five people, old-timers or officers. Not right away, one by one. I had to hold out for five minutes… From the first time, as far as I remember, no one succeeded… For the first time I went to rest at the tenth second, missing a powerful straight to the head…
In a real battle, the result would have been my death, since I got up only after about ten minutes ... On the third attempt, I received gratitude in the order in part, because I managed to "put into the ring" the regiment's deputy commander. The captain, by the way, was not offended by me, and the first one, having come to his senses, shook my hand. At the same time, he said: “I started classes ... I need to work.”
We did not kill rats with our bare hands ... but everything is one, the readiness to fight, at any second of the day or night, and not for life, but for death, was absorbed into flesh and blood, into the bone marrow ... That, in general, is all "terrible military secrets" that I was about to tell you.
/Andrey Popov, topwar.ru /
Army hand-to-hand combat of the Airborne Forces
In modern society, every person, young and old, needs to be able to at least to some extent protect himself from outside influences. After all, it is not known who you will have to face, for example, walking in the park. The guy is obliged to stand up for his lady and protect her at a difficult moment that can arise in any situation. Yes, of course, the internal troops and the police guard our peace with you, but they will not always be able to come to the rescue promptly.
There are many different sections in which you will be taught the basics of hand-to-hand combat. You will be able to fight off the attacks of criminal elements with ease. But of course, nothing compares to the training of airborne troops. hand-to-hand combat special forces of the Airborne Forces This is a completely different level, which you will never be able to reach on your own. In order to comprehend this art, you will have to go into the ranks of the airborne troops, because in battle not only strength qualities are important, but also moral endurance, which you can easily get in the process of service.
Meanwhile, hand-to-hand combat was studied at the end of the 19th century, it was mandatory for low military ranks. In the future, its importance increased and each soldier was required to have a certain set of skills that would help him cope with the enemy when meeting face to face. At present, this aspect of the training of soldiers is just as important.
Paratrooper hand-to-hand combat
On the Internet, you can now easily find a lot of videos that show the lessons of hand-to-hand combat of the Airborne Forces. Learn a lot of techniques and try to do them yourself is not difficult. Here on this video are some notable moments from the hand-to-hand combat of the Airborne Forces.
Hand-to-hand combat techniques of the Airborne Forces are perfectly demonstrated in this video, but this is just one of many house-to-house shootings. You can always find many more diverse complexes. If you set a goal, then learning simple techniques of hand-to-hand combat will not be difficult for you.
You can watch hand-to-hand combat of the Airborne Forces on many portals. Especially a lot of this video you can find on specialized sites dedicated to the airborne troops. In addition to short videos, you can also find entire films teaching hand-to-hand combat.
Without a doubt, even if you did not serve in the Airborne Forces and do not plan to go there to serve, then you can study the army hand-to-hand combat of the Airborne Forces in specialized sports sections. Now many proposals on this topic are easy to find in any newspaper with ads. Often, these lessons are taught by former paratroopers who have completed a full course of training in their units, and some have been in a combat situation. So feel free to go to this section and we are sure. That you will acquire skills that will no doubt help you in the harsh modern life.
Hand-to-hand combat complexes of the Airborne Forces: video footage
For a true paratrooper, being able to fight the enemy in close combat is a priority. When the outcome of the battle is decided by a split second, it is necessary to make complex and important decisions with lightning speed. All this is undoubtedly taught in military units Airborne. Worthy to endure all the victories and defeats is not given to everyone. But, no doubt, a strong-willed paratrooper can do it. From any defeat, he will undoubtedly learn a lesson and work on the mistakes in order to prevent these oversights in the future.
Hand-to-hand combat techniques of the Airborne Forces, such a soldier, will constantly study, because there is no limit to perfection. This phrase should long remind a real paratrooper that he should never forget about training. self-study video recordings will help him to constantly be in shape. Watching hand-to-hand combat and absorbing the knowledge gained in the video is the lot of real men who strive for improvement.
It is probably very difficult to choose a hand-to-hand combat complex suitable for an ordinary person, because a lot of different activities offer us to explore the world wide web. In order to select exercises and techniques for you, we advise you to contact competent specialists who will select a training schedule for you. Do not be afraid, you will succeed, the main thing in any business is to start practicing, and then you will get involved and will not notice how you master a lot of interesting tricks hand-to-hand combat.
We hope that after everything you read above, you will contact any section for hand-to-hand combat, or you yourself will study various technologies of army hand-to-hand combat of the Airborne Forces. Believe me, these skills will definitely come in handy sooner or later. Of course, we hope that in peacetime, and not during hostilities. The main thing is to remain calm and not provoke violence yourself, but only use the acquired skills for self-defense.
Basic set of hand-to-hand combat techniques (RB-1)
For military personnel of all types of the Armed Forces and branches of service. Includes the techniques provided for by the RB-N complex and additionally the following techniques: hit with a butt from below, hit with a butt plate, stabbing and cutting blows with a knife, protection with a machine gun stand, punches (straight, side, top, bottom), kicks (straight, to the side , from the side, back, from above), protection by the support of the hands, protection by the rebound with the forearms (edge of the palm), protection by the support of the foot (heel, thigh), disarming the enemy when stabbed straight, from above, from below, freeing the neck from the front and back, strangulation from behind , combinations of techniques and actions.
Special complex of hand-to-hand combat techniques (RB-2)
For the personnel of airborne troops, motorized rifle units and units, units and units of the Marine Corps, personnel of anti-sabotage formations, reconnaissance units and units, cadets of military schools, academies. Includes the techniques provided for by the RB-1 complex and additionally the following techniques: strikes with an infantry shovel, defenses with a repulse by an infantry shovel, protection from a kick by moving to the side, disarming the enemy when hit with an infantry shovel from above or directly, backhand or poke.
Special complex of hand-to-hand combat techniques (RB-3)
In NFP-87 and in the project of a new NFP for the personnel of reconnaissance units and subunits, cadets of military schools who train officers for these units and subunits. Includes techniques provided by the RB-2 complex and additionally: painful techniques, throws, disarmament techniques, release from various enemy grips, special techniques and actions.
Unfortunately, such special actions as a search and binding of the enemy are not included in the training program for military personnel of electronic warfare units, although these actions can be taught in one training session. Given the importance of tying and searching in hand-to-hand combat, the manual reveals in detail the technique for their implementation.
Chapter II
TECHNIQUE FOR PERFORMING HAND FIGHTING TECHNIQUES AND THE METHOD OF TEACHING THEM
Preparatory techniques and methods of teaching them
Preparatory techniques are certain actions that provide high-quality training of military personnel for hand-to-hand combat. They include preparations for battle, movement, self-insurance techniques.
Ready for battle
Ready for battle - this is the most convenient position for hand-to-hand combat with the enemy. It can be taken without weapons and with weapons.
To prepare for combat without weapons(fig. 1) expose left leg step forward and slightly bend both legs at the knees. Evenly distribute the weight of the body on two legs, tilt the body slightly forward, half-bend the arms in elbow joints, clench your fingers into a fist, tilt your head slightly forward. Similarly, the right-handed preparation for battle is also accepted.
Rice. 1
To prepare for combat with weapons(Fig. 2) the position of the head, torso and legs is taken as a preparation for combat without weapons. At the same time, send the machine gun barrel forward and grab it with your left hand by the forearm, and with your right hand by the neck of the butt. Keep the tip of the bayonet at the height of the neck, the right hand in front of the belt buckle.
To prepare for battle with an infantry shovel take out half-bent right hand with a shovel to the level of the left shoulder. Hold the shovel by the end of the handle with the tray up.
To prepare for a fight with a knife, take the knife in the right hand with the point down, for a blow from above - the brush at chest height, for a blow from below - with the point up, for a stabbing blow - with the point forward, the hand at the height of the belt, legs in the right-hand stance.
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Rice. 2
Movement
Skillful execution of movements in hand-to-hand combat plays important role in the timely adoption of the necessary combat position, starting position for attack or defense. Movements are performed by step, jump and run.
Step forward from the ready for battle is carried out in front standing foot, the other leg is substituted, at a distance that allows you to save stable position body.
Step back performed with the back of the standing leg from the toe to the entire foot.
The jump is in progress from the front (right, left) or side (forward, backward) stance due to a sharp repulsion from the ground with the far leg relative to the direction of the jump. Landing is carried out on the opposite leg, or on both legs. A jump back is possible with an almost simultaneous push with both legs and a landing on both feet.
Leaps are the most effective way approaching the enemy or quickly moving away from him.
Self-insurance techniques
Falling and grouping techniques that provide a warning against bruises on the ground after throws, collisions, painful holds in single combat with the enemy are called self-insurance techniques.
grouping(Fig. 3) one of the main preparatory elements of self-insurance. Sit on the ground (carpet) and grab the shins of the legs with both hands, slightly spread the knees, heels together, bend the body, lower the head, pressing the chin to the chest. Pulling the lower legs with your hands, bring the torso closer to the hips.
Fig.4
Fig.5
Fall forward(Fig. 6) From the front stand, fall forward onto slightly bent and spread elbows to the side springy (due to the inferior work of the muscles) arms.
Rice. 7
Fall back(Fig. 8) From the front stance, crouching and falling back, roll onto your back, softening your fall with a simultaneous preemptive strike on the ground with straight arms spread at an angle of 45 0.
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Rice. 8
Falling to the side (Fig. 9) From the front stance, crouching and simultaneously twisting the body to the right (left), sink to the ground with the right (left) buttock and roll in grouping to the right (left) side, having previously made a preemptive straightened right (left) hand, and then right (left) hip. End position - lying on the right side; right leg bent at the knee and hip joint, the left leg stands in front of her on the entire foot, the lower leg is vertical; right hand on the ground, palm down, 15-25 cm from the knee; the left hand is raised up, the head is pressed to it.
Fig.10
Punches and punches
An injection is one of the main methods of defeating an enemy in hand-to-hand combat. It is applied to parts of the body that are not protected by equipment (neck, chest, stomach, back, side) quickly, dexterously, strongly and for the entire length of the bayonet.
Bayonet injections (barrel poke) without lunge(Fig. 11) - direct the machine with both hands with a bayonet (barrel) at the target, pull out the bayonet and take the ready for battle.
Shop hit(Fig. 14) - is applied with a sharp movement of the hands (automatically forward) away from oneself while simultaneously feeding the body forward with straightening the standing leg behind.
Fig.14
Side kick(Fig. 15) - applied with a sharp angle of the butt to the jaw, temple, back of the head or side of the enemy. With the movement of the weapon with the right hand to the left, and with the left hand - towards oneself while simultaneously turning the body to the left, strike with the corner of the butt. At the moment of impact, the right leg can be placed slightly ahead of the left.
Rice. 16
Fig.17
Fig.18
Table 5
Unarmed attacks include: punches, kicks, chokes, submissions, and throws.
Straight punches(Fig. 19) are applied with a fist or the base of the palm; from the ready to fight with a push of the foot, transfer the weight of the body to the front leg and strike with a turn of the body.
Hand strikes from the side, from below, from above(Fig. 20) are applied with a fist (the base of the fingers and the muscular part), the edge of the palm and the elbow.
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Fig.19
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Rice. 20
Basic percussion parts of the hands
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Leg kicks are applied with a toe, instep, knee, foot, heel to the shin, to the knee joint, to the groin, to the liver area, to the head of a leaning opponent. A lying opponent is struck in the head, base of the skull, lower back, coccyx, liver, solar plexus, heart, groin.
Straight kick(Fig. 21) is the main of the blows performed by the foot. It is applied from a left-handed or right-handed stance (less often a frontal one) by leg extension or a swinging movement. Raising the thigh of the right leg forward up (the foot with the heel rises up to the buttock), with a sharp movement, straighten the leg in knee joint and strike with the toe (lifting) at the target.
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At the moment of impact, strain the muscles of the abdomen and the front surface of the thigh as much as possible. The supporting leg is slightly bent, at the moment of impact the foot does not come off the ground, but turns on the toe with the heel forward. The arms, bent at the elbows, are sharply brought back to intensify the blow. After the impact, the muscles immediately relax, and the leg performs a reverse movement.
Rice. 21
Side kick(Fig. 22) is applied from a medium and long distance with the foot, the outer edge of the foot and the heel to the lower leg, knee joint, abdomen and lower back. The most effective blow to the knee joint with the foot from the side.
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From the combat stance, pull the thigh up, the foot with the sole rises along the inner surface of the left leg to the knee. Turning the thigh, knee in the direction of the target and unbending the leg at the knee joint, strike the shin with the edge of the foot, or the knee from the side - with a punching blow of the foot, or in the hypochondrium (stomach) - with the heel (pull the toe towards you). At the moment of impact, tighten the muscles of the leg, slightly tilt the body to the side opposite to the impact, direct the arm of the same name (simultaneously with the movement of the leg) towards the target, lower the other hand closer to the groin in readiness to block a possible counterattack. After hitting the muscles, relax and immediately take the ready for battle.
Rice. 22
Kicks with the foot or heel from above(Fig. 23) is applied to the upper arch of the foot, to the lower leg - when the enemy captures the body from behind, to the lying enemy (after the throw) - with a short swing with sharp blows to pain points.
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Rice. 23
Bottom knee strike applied when freeing from the grips of the body in front. Without a swing, strike in the groin or in the face of a stooping opponent.
Back kick(Fig. 24) is applied with a foot, as a rule, in the stomach of the attacking opponent. From the combat left-sided stance, lean slightly forward, pull the right thigh to the chest and looking back over the right shoulder, straighten the leg at the knee joint and hip joint with a sharp movement, strike with the foot in the stomach of the enemy.
Rice. 25
Fig.26
Automatically bouncing up(Fig. 27) is carried out by a sharp movement of two hands forward upwards without changing the grip of the machine gun with the left hand. At the moment of impact, the arms are tense, slightly bent, the machine is turned with the magazine up.
Repulsed by machine gun down to the right(Fig. 27) is performed from a prick with a weapon in the lower part of the body. By moving the left hand down - to the right, and with the right hand to the right - up, hit the end of the barrel on the weapon to the right down. At the moment of impact, the left arm was slightly bent, the machine gun was pointing to the right, the bayonet was at the height of the right knee, the right elbow was raised.
Fig.28
Rice. 29
Exemption from the capture of the machine gun by the enemy(fig. 31) kick the enemy in the groin, turn sideways to the enemy and, having kicked the knee (shine), pull out the weapon.
Rice. 33
Bottom punch protection(Fig. 34) The first method: it is performed with a stand (block) of the forearm of the left hand, followed by counter-attacks with the right hand to the head, with the right knee to the groin, or with the edge of the foot to the shin (knees).
Rice. 34
Kick protection
Bottom kick protection(Fig. 35) is performed by placing the foot (thigh) under the blow, after which a counter blow is delivered with the hand to the head or torso of the opponent.
Hand Rest Kick Protection(Fig. 36) - meet the enemy’s leg with the forearms of straight crossed arms (when hitting with the right foot, the right hand is on top), grab it with the right hand by the heel, bringing the foot into the elbow bend of the left hand, throw the enemy to the ground with a jerk upwards, strike with the foot , step on the other foot and twist the captured leg.
Fig.37
Side kick defense(Fig. 38) when hitting the enemy with the right foot with a step left to the left, turn to the right and grab the leg from below with the left hand. Raising it up, knock the opponent to the ground and strike with the foot.
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Fig.39
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Exemption from the capture of the neck by the enemy in front(Fig. 40) Kick into the crotch (shin, foot) of the opponent, joining the fists together and spreading the elbows to the sides, strike from the bottom up between the opponent's hands. The upward movement of the arms should coincide with the active extension of the leg muscles. With the reverse movement of the arms from top to bottom, hit the enemy in the face or on the collarbones, and then, grabbing the clothes and pulling on yourself, hit him with his head in the face.
Fig.40
Unarmed defense training
Training in defense against punches and kicks is carried out by a group two-way method. A subunit in a two-tier formation, one rank acts as an attacking enemy, the other rank acts as a defender.
After familiarization, the technique is learned in divisions: “GET READY FOR BATTLE”, “On the count of “times”, designate the first numbers with a blow with the right foot to the lower abdomen, the second numbers with a step with the left foot to the left forward, turn to the right and grab the leg from below with the left hand, do- ONE ". The leader must point out individual details, correct mistakes and give the command: “On the count of “two”, raising the leg up, knock the opponent over to the ground, do - TWO”, “On the count of “three”, designate a kick on the opponent, do - THREE ".
In the process of mastering the technique, the technique of its implementation is no longer explained, but the command is given: “GET READY FOR BATTLE, the first numbers to protect themselves from a kick by moving to the side, the second numbers with a foot – BEAT!”
As the technique of the technique is mastered, it is necessary to combine its performance with other already mastered attacking or defensive actions and conduct them in the form of conditional fights, while all the actions of the partner should only be indicated, which is an indispensable condition that excludes traumatic injuries for those involved.
Techniques for disarming the enemy and methods of teaching them
In hand-to-hand combat, a situation may arise when an unarmed person has to act against an armed opponent.
According to the position of the weapon, the nature of the actions of the enemy, one can determine his intentions and timely conduct a disarmament technique. As a rule, success will depend on a reasonable distance with the enemy, timely withdrawal from the line of attack (if necessary), instant follow-up punches or kicks and the obligatory deprivation of his contact with the weapon. Disarming the enemy, it is necessary to use the inertia of the movement of his body to your advantage, competently exerting painful effects on the joints of the arms and legs.
Disarmament techniques are divided into the following groups: techniques for disarming an enemy when stabbed with a bayonet, techniques for disarming an enemy when struck with an infantry shovel, techniques for disarming an enemy when struck with a knife, when threatened with a pistol.
Fig.41
Disarming the enemy when stabbed with a bayonet to the right(fig.42) – lunge with your right foot to the side, while turning the body to the left. Repulse (take away) the barrel of the enemy machine gun with the forearm of the left hand and capture it. Transfer the body weight to the left leg, grab the weapon with the other hand and, simultaneously with a jerk of the machine gun towards yourself, strike with the foot in the knee from the side. Knock the enemy to the ground, hit the head with the recoil pad of the butt, or point the barrel of the weapon at him.
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Fig.43
Disarming the enemy when hit with an infantry shovel backhand or poke(Fig. 44) with a step forward to the side and turning towards the enemy, beat off the enemy’s armed hand on the backswing with the forearms and grab it, strike with the foot, grab the handle of the shovel, disarm the enemy, twisting the shovel to the side thumb and hit the opponent on the head with a shovel.
All blows with an infantry shovel have a larger or smaller swing. Therefore, to protect against such blows, it is necessary to perform a jump towards the enemy in order to stop the blow at the very beginning of its trajectory. Or try to avoid defeat by a swift movement to the side from the line of attack.
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Fig.44
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Disarming the enemy when hitting with a knife from above(Fig. 45) with a step forward, defend yourself by holding the forearm of the hand up under the blow of the enemy’s armed hand on the backswing, with the other hand grab his forearm from below in the elbow area, kick in the groin, pressing the flat part of the blade out with the forearm, disarm him. If necessary, putting pressure on the elbow, with a step with the left foot back, dump the opponent, turn face down, bend the arm behind the back and tie.
Fig.45
Disarming an enemy when stabbed from below or directly(Fig. 46) with a short step or a jump forward to the left, leave the line of attack, block the enemy’s armed arm with the forearm of the left hand and intercept him by the wrist. Immediately stab at pain point, take the armed hand to the right of yourself and hit the base of the right palm on the back surface of the opponent’s hand to knock out the knife. Next, knock the enemy to the ground and carry out the binding.
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Fig.46
Binding
Binding is used to limit the resistance of a captured enemy, to escort and transport him. Binding is carried out, as a rule, after painful holds and throws. To do this, you need to knock the enemy to the ground face down. Get on your knees and, tightly blocking the captured hand with your right thigh, sit astride the enemy. Causing pain with pressure on the forearm of the grasped hand, force the opponent to bring the other hand behind the back. Blocking it with your left thigh, tie your hands.
hands behind the back, hands one on top of the other;
Hands behind the head, hands crossed, the free end from the loop is tied to the waist belt.
Fig.48
For tying with a rope(Fig. 49) a double tightening loop is used.
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Fig.49
Binding Options(Fig. 50)
Hands behind the back, hands crossed, the rope passes through the neck or chest;
Hands behind the back, one above, the other below;
Arms crossed over chest, hands behind back.
Fig.50
Tying with a trouser belt or rope for a fixed position. Knock the enemy face down to the ground. Bend and cross your legs, put your hands behind your back and tie your right hand with your left foot, left hand with the right leg.
Improvised means, for example, a stick, can be used to constrain the mobility of the enemy. In this case, it is necessary to insert a stick into the sleeves of the tunic behind the prisoner's back and tie the wrists to it or tie the opponent's hands in front and insert the stick into the elbow and popliteal folds of the arms and legs tied in front.
