Plan:
- Introduction
- 1. History
- 2 Representation before the IOC bodies
- 3 Participation in the Games
- 4 Boycott
- 5 The collapse of the USSR
- 6
Top Athletes
- 6.1 Full list winners of 3 or more gold Olympic medals in history Soviet sports
- 7 Settlement system
- 8 Results
- 8.1 Performances at summer games
- 8.2 Performances at winter games
- 8.3 Medals at the Summer Olympics
- 8.4 Medals at the Winter Olympics
- 9 Standard bearers Notes
1. History
From the very appearance of Soviet Russia in 1917, the state paid great attention to the development of sports. The USSR, which appeared on the political map in 1922, was not represented in the world Olympic movement for a long time, despite the serious achievements of Soviet athletes, including in the international arena. Back in 1920, Vsevobuch tried to send the first delegation to the Olympic Games in Antwerp, but the attempt failed. This was part of a comprehensive cultural boycott that surrounded the first socialist state. Until 1933, the IOC considered Prince L. Urusov, who emigrated from Russia after the revolution, to be its member from Russia.
After the Second World War, the USSR actively joined the world sports movement. Soviet athletes successfully participated in major competitions: World and European Championships. The IOC could no longer ignore the leading sporting power. On April 23, 1951, the USSR Olympic Committee was created. On May 7, 1951, at the 46th session of the IOC in Vienna, the Soviet Union was accepted as a member of the International Olympic Committee. Konstantin Andrianov, chairman of the USSR Olympic Committee, was elected a member of the IOC.
2. Representation before the IOC bodies
- Konstantin Andrianov - member of the IOC since 1951, member of the executive committee 1962-1974, vice-president of the IOC 1966-1970
- Vitaly Smirnov - member of the IOC since 1971, member of the executive committee 1974-1982, vice-president of the IOC 1978-1984, 1986-1990
3. Participation in the Games
In 1952, the USSR took part for the first time in the Summer Olympic Games in Helsinki. The USSR team consisting of 295 athletes took part in all types of the program (except field hockey) and immediately took 2nd place in overall standings Games according to the system adopted by the IOC and according to the NKZ system (se 21.10.2002). Nina Ponomareva-Romashkova became the first Olympic champion at the Summer Games in athletics in discus throwing. On July 20, 1952, she won this competition with Olympic record 51.42 m.
In 1956, the USSR for the first time took part in the Winter Olympic Games in Cortina d'Ampezzo and took 1st place in the overall standings of the Games. On January 28, 1956, Lyubov Kozyreva-Baranova became the first Olympic champion at the Winter Games in the 10 km ski race.
In 1988, the Soviet delegation for the first time took part in the Paralympic Games in Seoul. The debutants of the Paralympics took twelfth place in the overall standings.
During the 41 years of its existence, the NOC of the USSR took part in 18 Winter and Summer Olympic Games and played a leading role in the overall standings at all, never falling below second place. Athletes of the USSR have always played a key role in the drawing of first places in such competitions as
- at the summer games: Athletics, weightlifting, freestyle wrestling, classical wrestling, gymnastics, fencing, rowing and canoeing, shooting, handball, volleyball.
- at winter games ski race, speed run on skates, figure skating, biathlon, ice hockey.
4. Boycott
In 1980, the USSR hosted the Summer Olympic Games in Moscow. However, these games were boycotted by the authorities of most of the leading capitalist countries, including the USA, Germany and Japan, and the athletes of these countries had to miss them. The USSR team excelled in the overall medal count, having won the maximum number of gold medals in its history - 80.
In 1984, in turn, Soviet athletes had to miss the Games in Los Angeles, due to the boycott of these games by most socialist countries. Leading Soviet athletes, such as Vladimir Salnikov, Yuri Sedykh, Tatyana Kazankina, Vladimir Artyomov, being leaders in their sports, could not defend their titles in direct competition. For many countries in the socialist bloc, the Summer Olympics were replaced by the Goodwill Games.
5. The collapse of the USSR
The USSR Olympic Committee ceased to exist on March 12, 1992, following the collapse of the USSR in December 1991. In 1992, athletes of the former USSR participated in the Summer Olympic Games in Barcelona and the Winter Olympics in Albertville with the CIS team under the Olympic flag.
6. Top Athletes
Outstanding successes have been achieved in the Olympic arenas by Soviet gymnasts, who hold records for the number of medals among other athletes.
- Larisa Latynina won 18 Olympic medals at the 1956, 1960 and 1964 games, including nine gold, five silver and four bronze.
- Nikolai Andrianov received 15 medals at the 1972, 1976 and 1980 games, including seven gold, five silver and three bronze.
- Boris Shakhlin, who performed in 1956, 1960 and 1964, won 13 medals: seven gold, four silver and two bronze.
6.1. A complete list of winners of 3 or more Olympic gold medals in the history of Soviet sports
This includes only those who won at least 3 gold medals under the Soviet flag.
There are a number of other athletes who started their Olympic performances under the flag of the USSR until 1991, but later they won gold under other flags
Of the 44 athletes, 31 represent summer views sports, and 13 - winter. Most gymnasts - 13 people
| № | Athlete | Kind of sport | Olympics | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Larisa Latynina | Gymnastics | 1956-1964 | 9 | 5 | 4 | 18 |
| 2 | Nikolai Andrianov | Gymnastics | 1972-1980 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 15 |
| 3 | Boris Shakhlin | Gymnastics | 1956-1964 | 7 | 4 | 2 | 13 |
| 4 | Viktor Chukarin | Gymnastics | 1952-1956 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 11 |
| 5 | Lydia Skoblikova | Skating | 1960-1964 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| 6 | Polina Astakhova | Gymnastics | 1956-1964 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 10 |
| 7 | Nelly Kim | Gymnastics | 1976-1980 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 6 |
| 8 | Raisa Smetanina | skiing | 1976-1992 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 10 |
| 9 | Ludmila Turishcheva | Gymnastics | 1968-1976 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 9 |
| 10 | Galina Kulakova | skiing | 1972-1980 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 8 |
| 11 | Olga Korbut | Gymnastics | 1972-1976 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 6 |
| 12= | Elena Novikova-Belova | Fencing | 1968-1976 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| 12= | Viktor Sidyak | Fencing | 1968-1980 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| 14= | Vladimir Artyomov | Gymnastics | 1988 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 5 |
| 14= | Evgeny Grishin | Skating | 1956-1964 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 5 |
| 14= | Valentin Muratov | Gymnastics | 1952-1956 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 5 |
| 14= | Alexander Tikhonov | Biathlon | 1968-1980 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 5 |
| 14= | Nikolai Zimyatov | skiing | 1980-1984 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 5 |
| 19= | Viktor Krovopuskov | Fencing | 1976-1980 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| 19= | Vladimir Salnikov | Swimming | 1980-1988 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| 21 | Alexander Dityatin | Gymnastics | 1976-1980 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 10 |
| 22 | Vladimir Nazlymov | Fencing | 1968-1980 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 6 |
| 23 | Galina Gorokhova | Fencing | 1960-1972 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| 24= | Albert Azaryan | Gymnastics | 1956-1960 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| 24= | Valentin Mankin | Sailing | 1968-1980 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| 24= | Tamara Press | Athletics | 1960-1964 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| 24= | Viktor Saneev | Athletics | 1968-1980 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| 24= | Vladislav Tretiak | Hockey | 1972-1984 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| 29= | Dmitry Bilozerchev | Gymnastics | 1988 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| 29= | Lyudmila Khvedosyuk-Pinaeva | Rowing and canoeing | 1964-1972 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| 31= | Claudia Boyarsky | skiing | 1964 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 31= | Vitaly Davydov | Hockey | 1964-1972 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 31= | Anatoly Firsov | Hockey | 1964-1972 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 31= | Victor Zhdanovich | Fencing | 1960-1964 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 31= | Alexandra Zabelina | Fencing | 1960-1972 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 31= | Vyacheslav Ivanov | rowing | 1956-1964 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 31= | Tatyana Kazankina | Athletics | 1976-1980 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 31= | Viktor Kuzkin | Hockey | 1964-1972 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 31= | Alexander Medved | Struggle | 1964-1972 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 31= | Vladimir Morozov | Rowing and canoeing | 1964-1972 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 31= | Vladimir Parfenovich | Rowing and canoeing | 1980 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 31= | Alexander Ragulin | Hockey | 1964-1972 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 31= | Irina Rodnina | Figure skating | 1972-1980 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 31= | Sergei Chukhrai | Rowing and canoeing | 1976-1980 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
7. Calculation system
In the USSR, a system was adopted for calculating the place occupied by a team, the so-called Informal Team Score (NKZ). At the same time, for each place from 1st to 6th won by athletes, a certain number of points were awarded. For 1st place - 7 points, 2nd - 5, 3rd - 4, 4th - 3, 5th - 2, 6th - 1. This system was also adopted by some other countries. In contrast to this, there is a generally accepted system for calculating the place occupied by a team, which takes into account only medals.
8. Results
8.1. Performances at the Summer Games
| Year | Games | Participants | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total | Place medals |
Place NKZ |
| 1952 | Helsinki | 295 | 22 | 30 | 19 | 71 | 2 | 2 |
| 1956 | Melbourne | 283 | 37 | 29 | 32 | 98 | 1 | 1 |
| 1960 | Rome | 284 | 43 | 29 | 31 | 103 | 1 | 1 |
| 1964 | Tokyo | 319 | 30 | 31 | 35 | 96 | 2 | 1 |
| 1968 | mexico city | 317 | 29 | 32 | 30 | 91 | 2 | 2 |
| 1972 | Munich | 411 | 50 | 27 | 22 | 99 | 1 | 1 |
| 1976 | Montreal | 409 | 49 | 41 | 35 | 125 | 1 | 1 |
| 1980 | Moscow | 488 | 80 | 69 | 46 | 195 | 1 | 1 |
| 1984 | Los Angeles | Boycott | ||||||
| 1988 | Seoul | 481 | 55 | 31 | 46 | 132 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 395 | 319 | 296 | 1010 |
8.2. Performances at the Winter Games
| Year | Games | Participants | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total | Place medals |
Place NKZ |
| 1956 | Cortina D'Ampezzo | 53 | 7 | 3 | 6 | 16 | 1 | 1 |
| 1960 | Squaw Valley | 62 | 7 | 5 | 9 | 21 | 1 | 1 |
| 1964 | Innsbruck | 69 | 11 | 8 | 6 | 25 | 1 | 1 |
| 1968 | Grenoble | 74 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 13 | 2 | 2 |
| 1972 | Sapporo | 76 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 16 | 1 | 1 |
| 1976 | Innsbruck | 79 | 13 | 6 | 8 | 27 | 1 | 1 |
| 1980 | Lake Placid | 86 | 10 | 6 | 6 | 22 | 1 | 2 |
| 1984 | Sarajevo | 99 | 6 | 10 | 9 | 25 | 2 | 1 |
| 1988 | Calgary | 101 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 29 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 78 | 57 | 59 | 194 |
8.3. Medals at the Summer Olympics
| Kind of sport | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| Gymnastics | 73 | 67 | 44 | 184 |
| Athletics | 65 | 55 | 75 | 195 |
| Struggle | 62 | 31 | 23 | 116 |
| Weightlifting | 39 | 21 | 2 | 62 |
| Rowing and canoeing | 29 | 13 | 9 | 51 |
| Fencing | 18 | 15 | 16 | 49 |
| Shooting | 17 | 15 | 17 | 49 |
| Boxing | 14 | 19 | 18 | 51 |
| Swimming | 13 | 21 | 26 | 60 |
| rowing | 12 | 20 | 10 | 42 |
| Cycling | 11 | 4 | 8 | 23 |
| Volleyball | 7 | 4 | 1 | 12 |
| Horseback Riding | 6 | 5 | 4 | 15 |
| Judo | 5 | 5 | 13 | 23 |
| Modern pentathlon | 4 | 5 | 5 | 14 |
| Sailing | 4 | 5 | 3 | 12 |
| Basketball | 4 | 4 | 4 | 12 |
| Handball | 4 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Diving | 3 | 4 | 6 | 13 |
| Water polo | 2 | 2 | 3 | 7 |
| Football | 2 | 0 | 3 | 5 |
| Archery | 1 | 3 | 3 | 7 |
| Field hockey | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Total | 395 | 319 | 296 | 1010 |
8.4. Medals at the Winter Olympics
| Kind of sport | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| Ski race | 25 | 22 | 21 | 68 |
| Skating | 24 | 17 | 19 | 60 |
| Figure skating | 10 | 9 | 5 | 24 |
| Biathlon | 9 | 5 | 5 | 19 |
| Hockey | 7 | 1 | 1 | 9 |
| luge | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
| Bobsled | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| ski jumping | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Nordic combined | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Skiing | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 78 | 57 | 59 | 194 |
9. Standard bearers
| Year, OI | First Name Last Name | kind of sport | how did |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1956, Winter (Cortina D "Ampezzo) | Oleg Goncharenko | skating | 2 bronzes |
| 1960 Winter (Squaw Valley) | Nikolai Sologubov | hockey | bronze |
| 1964, Winter (Innsbruck) | Evgeny Grishin | skating | silver |
| 1968, Winter (Grenoble) | Viktor Mamatov | biathlon | silver |
| 1972 Winter (Sapporo) | Vyacheslav Vedenin | skiing | 2 gold |
| 1976, Winter (Innsbruck) | Vladislav Tretiak | hockey | gold |
| 1980 Winter (Lake Placid) | Alexander Tikhonov | biathlon | gold |
| 1984, Winter (Sarajevo) | Vladislav Tretiak | hockey | gold |
| 1988 Winter (Calgary) | Andrey Bukin | figure skating | gold |
Mankind did not remember the Olympic Games until 1920 ... And in Soviet Russia they "forgot" about them for almost forty years!
In the first post-war years, serious transformations began in our sport. Interest in youth sports grew, intensive training of coaches began, sports science developed, leading athletes began to receive state support. And all this taken together immediately led to success at the World and European Championships. Our sport is at the forefront.
Look at Olympic competitions changed after the victory over fascism in 1945. Relations with the leading capitalist countries, although not for long, improved. And the Soviet leaders decided to participate in the 1952 Games. They were to be held in Helsinki.
Helsinki, Finland, Games of the XV Olympiad, 1952.About 5 thousand athletes from 69 countries participated. The USSR team (about 300 people) participated in the Olympic Games for the first time. Soviet gymnast Viktor Chukarin became the hero of the games (4 gold and 2 silver awards). Unexpectedly for sports world USSR athletes shared the team championship with the US team in the unofficial standings.
Melbourne, Australia, Games of the XVI Olympiad, 1956.More than 3,000 athletes from 68 countries took part. Soviet athlete Vladimir Kuts won the 5,000 m and 10,000 m distances (with an Olympic record) and was recognized as the best athlete. Gymnast Larisa Latynina became the record holder of the Games in terms of the number of awards won. She won in four events gymnastic program. Soviet athletes won the largest number of gold (37), silver (29) and bronze (32) medals.
Rome, Italy, Games of the XVII Olympiad, 1960.More than 5 thousand athletes from 84 countries participated. Soviet heavyweight Yuri Vlasov was recognized as one of the best athletes of the Games. Once again, the USSR team overtook the US team in the unofficial team standings.
Tokyo, Japan, Games of the XVIII Olympiad, 1964.More than 5 thousand athletes participated. First Olympic Games in Asia. Soviet rower Vyacheslav Ivanov won gold medal for the third Olympics in a row. Valery Popenchenko was recognized as the most technical boxer of the Games (2nd average weight). The USSR team took 1st place in the unofficial team standings.
Mexico City, Mexico, Games of the XIX Olympiad, 1968.More than 5.5 thousand athletes from 112 countries participated. Athlete Viktor Saneev set a world record in the triple jump, 17 m 39 cm. According to the number of gold awards of the USSR, he is in second place (first place - USA, third - GDR).
Munich, Germany, Games of the XX Olympiad, 1972.More than 7 thousand athletes from 121 countries participated. The most sensational results: the victory of the USSR basketball players in the final over the US team that had not previously lost at the Olympic Games; two gold medals by the Soviet sprinter Valery Borzov at distances of 100 m and 200 m. The Soviet team won a record number of gold medals - 50!
Montreal, Canada, Games of the XXI Olympiad, 1976.More than 6 thousand athletes from 88 countries participated. Among the heroes of the games are the Soviet gymnast Nikolai Andrianov, who interrupted the hegemony of the Japanese in the absolute championship; "most strong man planets in the 70s", heavyweight weightlifter Vasily Alekseev. Athletes of the USSR won the largest number of gold awards.
Moscow, USSR, Games XXII Olympics, 1980.5.5 thousand athletes from 81 countries participated. The hero of the games was the Soviet gymnast Alexander Dityatin (3 gold, 4 silver and 1 bronze award), Soviet kayaker Vladimir Parfenovich also won three gold medals (no kayaker has ever achieved such a result in the history of the Olympics) and swimmer Vladimir Salnikov. In the unofficial general team standings of the USSR - 1st place.
Los Angeles, USA, Games of the XXIII Olympiad, 1984.About 7 thousand athletes from 140 countries participated. At the initiative of the USSR government, the Soviet Union refused to take part in the games.
seoul, South Korea, Games of the XXIV Olympiad, 1988.Participated approx. 8.5 thousand athletes from 159 countries. In the unofficial team event, the first place was won by athletes of the USSR.
From the origins to the present day about the exploits of our athletes. The article provides short review participation of Soviet (Russian) athletes in the Summer Olympic Games.
July 19 is the day on which the debut of the USSR national team at the Olympic Games took place. Our athletes have not yet had the experience of official international meetings, and the Olympic competitions were a kind of baptism of fire for them. 295 athletes competed in Helsinki. Soviet Olympians were awarded 71 medals, 22 of them were gold. Our athletes scored the same number of points in the unofficial standings with the US athletes (494). At these games, our athletes participated in all competitions in all sports, with the exception of field hockey. The first Olympic gold medal in the history of Soviet sports was won by Nina Ponomareva, who won the competition in the discus throw. Opened the list of our Olympic champions in bullet shooting Anatoly Bogdanov, in rowing - Yuri Tyukalov, Boris Gurevich - in classical wrestling, David Tsimakuridze in freestyle wrestling.
For the first and only time the Games were held on the green continent - Australia. The team included 283 athletes. Soviet athletes won the largest number 98 medals, including 37 gold and scored the most points in the unofficial standings of 622.5. US athletes were second in the rankings with 74 medals (32 gold). First Olympic winners Vladimir Kuts became among male athletes, Leonid Spirin - among masters walking. For the first time, our football and modern pentathlon teams won gold medals. Inessa Jaunzeme became the Olympic champion in javelin throwing. In canoeing Pavel Khorin and Gratsian Botev, in women's kayaking - Elizaveta Dementieva.
At this Olympics, our team included 284 athletes. Viktor Kapitonov became the first among Soviet athletes Olympic champion By cycling, Sergey Filatov - in equestrian sports, in fencing - Viktor Zhdanovich, Fedor Shutkov and Timur Pinegin - in sailing, Alexey Gushchin in pistol shooting. Yuri Vlasov was recognized as the hero of the games. He showed a phenomenal result for those times in classical triathlon - 537.5 kg. He was awarded the title of professor of weightlifting and the most elegant and beautifully built athlete. Soviet Olympians won the most medals at these games - 103 (43 gold). In the team standings scored 682.5 points.
For the first time the games were held on the Asian continent. The program included volleyball and judo. Already 319 athletes were part of our team. Soviet athletes participated in all sports except football (our team dropped out in qualifying matches) and field hockey. Galina Prozumenshchikova became the first Olympic champion and record holder among swimmers. Grigory Chris became the champion in sword fencing. Soviet Olympians received the largest number of medals - 96 and scored 607.8 points. However, in terms of the number of gold medals they won, they lost to athletes from the United States, who had 90 medals, but 36 of them were gold.
The Olympic movement moved rapidly across all continents. This time the games were held in Latin America, at an altitude of 2240 m above sea level. Our team included 313 athletes. At the XIX Games, Elena Novikova became the first among Soviet fencers to become the Olympic champion in individual foil competitions. And Evgeny Petrov was the first of our shooters to win gold. For the first time, the USSR women's volleyball team became Olympic champions. In Mexico City, a team of rowers, cyclists, swimmers, and especially athletes performed unsuccessfully. We took second place in the number of medals won and points scored in the unofficial standings. 91 medals, including 29 gold and 590.8 points.
The Olympic holiday was overshadowed by tragedy - members of the Palestinian terrorist organization "Black September" took hostage athletes from Israel. When trying to free them at the airport, several athletes and coaches were killed and mourning was declared at the games.
The team included 371 athletes. Vladimir Vasin became the first Olympic champion in diving, Shota Chochishvili - judo, Alexander Sharapenko - rowing, Victor Sidyak - in individual saber fencing competitions. For the first time, basketball and water polo teams won Olympic gold. Our team was ahead of everyone both in terms of the number of medals won 99, including gold 50, and in terms of the number of points scored in the unofficial standings - 664.5. After the 1908 Olympic Games, where sports competition cannot be compared with the current one, none of national teams never managed to get so many gold medals.
The games were attended record number participants - 7121. But in connection with the boycott of a group of African countries caused by racial apartheid in the Republic of South Africa, 28 African countries left Montreal. The USSR team has already included 410 athletes. Elena Voitsekhovskaya was the first woman to become an Olympic champion in diving. The teams of our basketball and handball players have opened the lists Olympic champions. In Montreal, the championship in these disciplines was played for the first time. Our Olympians again outstripped their rivals both in terms of the number of medals won 125 (49 gold), and in terms of the number of points scored in the unofficial standings (792.5). The athletes of the GDR came second with 90 medals (40 gold) and 638 points.
In the Soviet capital, everything was done to ensure that the Games XXII Olympiad passed on high level, in full compliance with the Olympic Charter. But there were some exceptions. The Moscow Games were marked by political boycotts by the United States, Germany, Japan and several dozen other countries protesting against the invasion. Soviet troops to Afghanistan.
But still the games were more than successful. 36 world and 39 European records were set. The team included 492 athletes. Ketevan Losaberidze became the first archery champion. Elena Khloptseva and Larisa Popova won gold medals in women's rowing for the first time. Swimming - Sergey Fisenko. In the individual standings in modern pentathlon - Anatoly Starostin. In the cycling competition on the track, the USSR team won the 4,000-meter race. At these games, we won 80 gold, 69 silver and 46 bronze medals.
Games of the XXIII Olympiad. 1984 Los Angeles (USA)
This Olympics, as in Moscow, was boycotted by some of the NOCs of central and southeastern Europe. Athletes from the USSR, the GDR and their allies did not participate in the Games, which greatly weakened the sports level of the Olympics.
Games of the XXIV Olympiad. 1988 Seoul (South Korea)
At the Games again came out together strongest athlete- 9141. But again the Games were boycotted by Cuba, North Korea, Ethiopia, Nicaragua and some countries. For the first time athletes competed in tennis and table tennis. Our athletes won a convincing victory, winning 55 gold, 31 silver, 46 bronze medals. After 32 years of a break, the gold medals went to our players. And another incident overtook the Olympic Games: a doping scandal with Canadian runner Ben Johnson, who won the 100m race with a fantastic record. Another 10 athletes from different countries were disqualified for using illegal drugs.
Games of the XXV Olympiad. 1992 Barcelona (Spain)
After the collapse of the USSR in 1991, she performed at the Olympics for the first and last time United Team of Independent States (UCNG). The combined team was made up of athletes from the GDR and the FRG. OKNG was ahead of other participants - 45 gold, 38 silver, 29 bronze medals.
Since the Games were held in the centenary year of the 1st Olympic Games, Athens was viewed by many as the favorite to vote for the capital city. However, the Games were unexpectedly given to Atlanta. Softball, beach volleyball, mountain bike, women's football, racing crews light weight in academic rowing. Borei won gold at the third consecutive Olympic Games Greco-Roman wrestling Alexander Karelin. The greatest number of medals, six, is on account of the Russian gymnast Alexei Nemov. Our athletes won 63 medals (26 gold, 21 silver, 16 bronze). The Games were marred by the death of the wife of Olympic Committee President Juan Antonio Samaranch. The Olympic flag was flown at half mast as a sign of mourning.
Games opened on Olympic Stadium Sydney - the largest sports facility in the history of these competitions: it can accommodate 110,000 spectators. Triathlon, taekwondo and trampoline were introduced for the first time. For the second time, the most titled Russian athlete was the gymnast Alexei Nemov - two gold, one silver and three bronze medals. The men's handball team became the champion. Russian athletes won 88 medals (32 gold, 28 silver, 28 bronze).
For the first time, athletes from 202 countries competed at the Games. The Russian national team was represented by 457 athletes. Almost every second member of the Russian team won Olympic medal. This happened in conditions of unprecedentedly intense sports competition. Also, these games were the first when not one was introduced. the new kind sports. The Russians were not represented at the Games in baseball, beach volleyball, rowing slalom, softball, football (men and women), field hockey (men and women), basketball (men), handball (women), because they did not pass the selection system .
The Athens Olympics also did not escape the boycott - this time an individual one. Having gone through all the stages of selection, he refused to compete with Israeli citizen Ehud Waks in solidarity with the suffering of the people of Palestine.
Mankind did not remember the Olympic Games until 1920 ... And in Soviet Russia they "forgot" about them for almost forty years!
In the first post-war years, serious transformations began in our sport. Interest in youth sports grew, intensive training of coaches began, sports science developed, leading athletes began to receive state support. And all this taken together immediately led to success at the World and European Championships. Our sport is at the forefront.
The view of the Olympic competition changed after the victory over fascism in 1945. Relations with the leading capitalist countries, although not for long, improved. And the Soviet leaders decided to participate in the 1952 Games. They were to be held in Helsinki.
Helsinki, Finland, Games of the XV Olympiad, 1952. About 5 thousand athletes from 69 countries participated. The USSR team (about 300 people) participated in the Olympic Games for the first time. Soviet gymnast Viktor Chukarin became the hero of the games (4 gold and 2 silver awards). Unexpectedly for the sports world, the USSR athletes shared the team championship with the US team in the unofficial standings.
Melbourne, Australia, Games of the XVI Olympiad, 1956. More than 3,000 athletes from 68 countries took part. Soviet athlete Vladimir Kuts won the 5,000 m and 10,000 m distances (with an Olympic record) and was recognized as the best athlete. Gymnast Larisa Latynina became the record holder of the Games in terms of the number of awards won. She won in four types of gymnastic program. Soviet athletes won the largest number of gold (37), silver (29) and bronze (32) medals.
Rome, Italy, Games of the XVII Olympiad, 1960. More than 5 thousand athletes from 84 countries participated. Soviet heavyweight Yuri Vlasov was recognized as one of the best athletes of the Games. Once again, the USSR team overtook the US team in the unofficial team standings.
Tokyo, Japan, Games of the XVIII Olympiad, 1964. More than 5 thousand athletes participated. First Olympic Games in Asia. Soviet rower Vyacheslav Ivanov won the gold medal at the third Olympics in a row. Valery Popenchenko (2nd middleweight) was recognized as the most technical boxer of the Games. The USSR team took 1st place in the unofficial team standings.
Mexico City, Mexico, Games of the XIX Olympiad, 1968. More than 5.5 thousand athletes from 112 countries participated. Athlete Viktor Saneev set a world record in the triple jump, 17 m 39 cm. According to the number of gold awards of the USSR, he is in second place (first place - USA, third - GDR).
Munich, Germany, Games of the XX Olympiad, 1972. More than 7 thousand athletes from 121 countries participated. The most sensational results: the victory of the USSR basketball players in the final over the US team that had not previously lost at the Olympic Games; two gold medals by the Soviet sprinter Valery Borzov at distances of 100 m and 200 m. The Soviet team won a record number of gold medals - 50!
Montreal, Canada, Games of the XXI Olympiad, 1976. More than 6 thousand athletes from 88 countries participated. Among the heroes of the games are the Soviet gymnast Nikolai Andrianov, who interrupted the hegemony of the Japanese in the absolute championship; "the strongest man on the planet in the 70s", heavyweight weightlifter Vasily Alekseev. Athletes of the USSR won the largest number of gold medals.
Moscow, USSR, Games of the XXII Olympiad, 1980. 5.5 thousand athletes from 81 countries participated. The hero of the games was the Soviet gymnast Alexander Dityatin (3 gold, 4 silver and 1 bronze medals), the Soviet kayaker Vladimir Parfenovich also won three gold medals (no kayaker has ever achieved such a result in the history of the Olympics) and swimmer Vladimir Salnikov. In the unofficial general team standings of the USSR - 1st place.
Los Angeles, USA, Games of the XXIII Olympiad, 1984. About 7 thousand athletes from 140 countries participated. At the initiative of the USSR government, the Soviet Union refused to take part in the games.
Seoul, South Korea, Games of the XXIV Olympiad, 1988. Participated approx. 8.5 thousand athletes from 159 countries. In the unofficial team event, the first place was won by athletes of the USSR.
Performance of the USSR/Russia national team at the Summer Olympics
The Russian team first took part in the Summer Olympics in 1900. These were the Games of the II Olympiad, which were held in Paris (France) from May 14 to October 28. Russia was represented by three fencing athletes who did not receive awards. Also, two horsemen took part in demonstration performances.
At the IV Olympic Games in London (Great Britain) in 1908, the Russian team won three medals, one gold and two silver. In the team standings (hereinafter, the team standings - by the number of gold medals won), the Russian team was in 12th place.
At the V Olympic Games in Stockholm (Sweden) in 1912, the Russian team won 5 medals: 2 silver and 3 bronze medals. As a result, Russia shared 15th place with Austria in the unofficial team standings.
At the XV Olympic Games in Helsinki (Finland) in 1952, the USSR national team took part for the first time. Soviet athletes took second place in the unofficial team standings, winning 71 medals: 22 gold, 30 silver and 19 bronze.
At the XVI Summer Olympic Games in Melbourne (Australia) in 1956, the team of the Soviet Union won 98 medals, including 37 gold, 29 silver and 32 bronze. In the team event, the USSR national team took first place.
At the XVII Olympic Games in Rome (Italy) in 1960, the USSR national team won 103 medals: 43 gold, 29 silver and 31 bronze. In the team event, the USSR national team took first place.
At the 18th Olympic Games in Tokyo (Japan) in 1964, the USSR team won 96 medals: 30 gold, 31 silver and 35 bronze. In the team standings, the USSR national team took second place.
At the XIX Olympic Games in Mexico City (Mexico) in 1968, the USSR national team won 91 medals: 29 gold, 32 silver and 30 bronze and took second place in the team event.
At the XX Olympic Games in Munich (Germany) in 1972, the Soviet Union team performed more successfully than other teams, winning 50 gold, 27 silver and 22 bronze medals.
At the XXI Olympic Games in Montreal (Canada) in 1976, the athletes of the USSR were again the best - 49 gold, 41 silver and 35 bronze, a total of 125 awards.
At the XXII Olympic Games in 1980 in Moscow (USSR), the team of the host country of the games won a convincing victory in the unofficial team standings - 195 medals: 80 gold, 69 silver and 46 bronze medals.
The USSR national team did not take part in the XXIII Olympic Games in Los Angeles (USA) in 1984. The games were boycotted by most socialist countries.
At the XXIV Olympic Games in Seoul (South Korea) in 1988, the national team of the Soviet Union won 132 awards: 55 gold, 31 silver and 46 bronze medals. In the team event, the USSR national team took first place.
XXV Olympic Games in Barcelona (Spain) 1992. After the collapse of the USSR in 1991, the United Team of Independent States performed at the Olympics (except for the Baltic republics, which acted as independent teams), which won the most medals - 112, of which 45 were gold, 38 silver and 29 bronze.
At the XXVI Olympic Games in Atlanta (USA) in 1996, for the first time since 1912, the Russian team competed, taking second place in the team event - 26 gold, 21 silver and 16 bronze medals, a total of 63 awards.
At the XXVII Olympic Games 2000 in Sydney (Australia), Russian athletes took second place in the team event, winning 89 medals, including 32 gold, 28 silver and 29 bronze.
At the XXVIII Olympic Games in Athens (Greece) in 2004, the Russian national team took third place in the unofficial team standings. On account Russian athletes 27 gold, 27 silver and 38 bronze medals, 92 awards in total.
At the XXIX Olympic Games in Beijing (China) in 2008, the Russian team won 72 awards, including 23 gold, 21 silver, 28 bronze and took third place in the team standings.
At the XXX Olympic Games in London (Great Britain) in 2012, the Russian national team took fourth place in the unofficial medal standings, winning 82 awards: 24 gold, 26 silver and 32 bronze.
At the 2016 Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, the composition of the Russian national team, which initially included 387 athletes, was reduced to 277 people in the wake of doping scandals (as of 00:30 Moscow time on August 6). According to the head of the Russian Olympic Committee (ROC) Alexander Zhukov, under the circumstances, the team was not given a medal plan.
Performance of the USSR/Russia national team at the Winter Olympics
The USSR national team for the first time took part in the VII Winter Olympic Games in Cortina d'Ampezzo (Italy) in 1956. Soviet athletes won 16 medals, including seven gold, three silver and six bronze. In the team standings, Soviet athletes took first place (hereinafter, the team standings - in terms of the number of gold medals won).
At the VIII Olympic Games in Squaw Valley (USA) in 1960, the USSR team again took first place in the team event, winning 21 medals: 7 gold, 5 silver and 9 bronze.
At the IX Olympic Games in Innsbruck (Austria) in 1964, the USSR team won 25 medals, including 11 gold, eight silver and six bronze. In the team event, Soviet athletes took first place.
At the X Olympic Games in Grenoble (France) in 1968, the USSR team won 13 medals, including five gold, five silver and three bronze. In the team event, the USSR team took second place.
At the XI Olympic Games in Sapporo (Japan) in 1972, the USSR team won first place in the team event, winning 16 medals, eight of them gold, five silver and three bronze.
At the XII Olympic Games in Innsbruck (Austria) in 1976, the Soviet team won 27 medals, including 13 gold, six silver and eight bronze. In the team event, the USSR national team took first place.
At the XIII Olympic Games in Lake Placid (USA) in 1980, the USSR team again took first place in the team event, winning 22 medals: 10 gold, six silver and six bronze.
At the XIV Olympic Games in Sarajevo (Yugoslavia) in 1984, the USSR team won 25 medals, including six gold, 10 silver and nine bronze. In the team event, the USSR team took second place.
At the XV Olympic Games in Calgary (Canada) in 1988, the USSR national team won 29 medals, 11 of them were gold, nine silver and nine bronze. In the team event, the Soviet team took first place.
In the XVI Olympic Games in Albertville (France) in 1992, the combined team of independent states participated, which won 23 medals, including nine gold, six silver and eight bronze. In the team standings, the united team of independent states took second place.
At the XVII Olympic Games in Lillehammer (Norway) in 1994, the Russian team won 23 medals, including 11 gold, eight silver and four bronze. In the team event, the Russian team took first place.
At the XVIII Olympic Games in Nagano (Japan) in 1998, the Russian team won 18 medals, including nine gold, six silver and three bronze. In the overall standings Russian team took third place.
At the XIX Olympic Games in Salt Lake City (USA) in 2002, the Russian team won 13 medals, including five gold, four silver and four bronze. In the team standings, Russia took fifth place.
At the XX Olympic Games in Turin (Italy) in 2006, the Russian team won 22 medals: eight gold, six silver and eight bronze. In the team standings, Russia took fourth place.
At the XXI Olympic Games in Vancouver (Canada) in 2010, the Russian team in the team standings took 11th place, winning 15 medals: three gold, five silver and seven bronze.
On XXII winter Olympic Games in Sochi (Russia) in 2014, the Russian team in the team event took first place, winning 33 medals: 13 gold, 11 silver and 9 bronze. So many medals the highest standard the Soviet team had only once - at the Olympic Games in 1976.
The material was prepared on the basis of information from open sources
