Prepared by:
teacher Zaitseva E.N.
Purpose: tracking your emotional state, mood.
One, two, three, four, five - we begin to play!
Now I will teach you how to color your mood. I will tell you a secret. It turns out that every mood has its own color. Look - I have multi-colored cards. We will spread them around. It turned out a flower-eight-flower - a flower of moods. Each petal is a different mood:
red - cheerful, active mood - I want to jump, run, play outdoor games;
yellow - cheerful mood - I want to enjoy everything;
green
- sociable mood - I want to be friends with other children, talk and play with them;
blue - calm mood - I want to play quietly, listen to an interesting book, look out the window;
crimson - I find it difficult to understand my mood, and not too good, and not too bad;
grey – boring mood – I don’t know what to do;
brown - angry mood - I'm angry, I'm offended;
black - sad mood - I'm sad, I'm upset.
Target: positive attitude, the development of a sense of unity.
I have a ball in my hands. I will now wrap the thread around my finger and pass the ball to my neighbor on the right and sing a song about how glad I am to see him - “I am very glad that Dima is in the group ...”
Whoever receives the ball wraps the thread around his finger and passes it to the next child sitting to his right, and together (everyone who has the thread in his hands) sing him a joyful song. And so on, until the ball returns to me. Great!
The glomerulus returned to me, it ran in a circle and connected us all. Our friendship has become even stronger, and our mood has improved.
Purpose: teaching methods of self-regulation, relieving psycho-emotional stress.
Joyful mood helps relaxation.
Sit comfortably. Stretch out and relax. Close your eyes, pat yourself on the head and say to yourself: "I am very good" or "I am very good."
Imagine a wonderful sunny morning. You are near a quiet beautiful lake. You can barely hear your breathing. Inhale-exhale. The sun is shining brightly and you feel better and better. You feel the sun's rays warm you. You are absolutely calm. The sun is shining, the air is clean and transparent. You feel the warmth of the sun with your whole body. You are calm and still. You feel calm and happy. You enjoy peace and sunshine. You are resting… Inhale-exhale. Now open your eyes. They stretched, smiled and woke up. You have a good rest, you are in a cheerful and cheerful mood, and pleasant sensations will not leave you throughout the day.
Purpose: expression of feelings and emotions through joint visual activity, rallying the children's team.
And now let's draw a wonderful land together.
Children are invited to complete a joint drawing on a large sheet of paper, which is spread directly on the floor. The theme of the drawing is "Wonderful Land". Previously, details and small lines are drawn on the sheet. Children draw unfinished images, "turn" them into anything. Joint drawing is accompanied by the sounds of nature.
Purpose: Relieve muscle tension.
Imagine that you are funny, mischievous kittens. Kittens walk, arch their backs, wag their tails (tension). But now the kittens are tired...they start yawning, lie down on the rug and fall asleep. In kittens, the tummies rise and fall evenly, they breathe calmly (relaxation).
Children sit on chairs. Muscle tension = walking and running with raised legs without touching the floor.
We were going for a walk. Hurry up, keep up!
We ran a little, our legs got tired.
We'll sit quietly, but then we'll see.
Children are sitting. Smile - the whole body is relaxed, everything around is good. But suddenly we got angry - eyebrows frowned, hands rest on the sides with fists, the whole body tenses. And again everything is fine, we smile.
Children squat, then slowly rise (the fungus grows). Straightened up (tension). What a beautiful mushroom! Then the fungus ages, slowly settles (children squat down relaxed, lower their hands, bow their heads).
It's cold outside, we cringed, froze (sat down on the floor, pulled up and hugged our knees, lowered our heads, muscles tense). The magic bell rings, it's summer again, it's hot, we're on the beach (lying on our backs, all muscles are relaxed).
We are taking big steps. We get on the bumps. You can’t stumble from bumps, we’ll get our feet wet in puddles. We reached a sunny meadow, lay down, relaxed, sunbathed. Then we got up and go back (again muscle tension). We came home, got tired, sat on the chairs and relaxed. Clap! Here we are again, the children in the group, sitting beautifully on the chairs.
Children sit on chairs, socks rise, heels rest on the floor, hands press hard on their knees. Then complete relaxation.
What are those strange springs resting on the boots?
We will press them with our feet, we will squeeze them tighter, tighter!
We press hard! No springs, rest.
I am a bud (the children sat on the floor, grabbed their knees pulled up to themselves, lowered their heads, their muscles were tense). The warm sun is shining, I am growing (they rise slowly, smile, wave their arms in a relaxed way). The sun is gone, it's dark, it's night, my petals are closing initial position) and the sun rises again. etc.
The butterfly flies slowly around the group, flapping its arms-wings (tension). At the signal of a bell, butterflies sit on a flower (stool). Hands-wings are lowered, the head is lowered, the body is relaxed. The bell rings again, the butterflies have flown, and so on.
Children sit on chairs.
We are athletes anywhere, keep the bar up, one - two! (voltage)
Our handles are tired, we lower the bar down,
Let's sit quietly, sit down, look at the athletes. (relaxation)
We are snowflakes. The blizzard sweeps, we fly to different sides(standing still, swinging forcefully from side to side with arms raised - all muscles are tense). The wind died down, and a large snowdrift turned out of the snowflakes. Snowflakes froze, relaxed (children sit on the floor, as it is convenient, relax their muscles).
One child is the ball, the other inflates it. "Ball" - the legs are bent, the muscles are relaxed, the head is lowered, the arms are hanging. Another child inflates the ball - “Ssss ...” The ball gradually straightens, arms to the sides, cheeks puffed out, looks up, muscles are tense. We pull out the pump, the ball is deflated, as before. Then the children change places.
Imagine that you are playing in a sunny meadow. Suddenly a cold wind blew. You felt cold, you froze, wrapped your arms around yourself, pressed your head to your hands - you are warming up (tension). Warm up, relax. But then the cold wind blew again ...
While reading the poem, the children spread their arms, the muscles are tense, the back is straightened. The parachutes dropped, sat on chairs and relaxed, hands down, head down.
Hands to the sides, we send the plane into flight.
Right wing forward, left wing forward,
The plane takes off. Ahead, the lights were lit
We went up to the clouds.
Here is the forest, we will prepare a parachute here.
Parachutes all opened
We landed lightly.
Imagine that you are cubs and your mother bear is playing with you. She throws you cones. You catch them and squeeze them with force in your paws (tension). But now the cubs are tired and drop their paws along the body - the paws are resting. And the mother bear again throws cones to the cubs ...
We are clothes in the store on hangers - coat hangers. We hang beautifully, evenly (shoulders deployed, back straight, legs together, arms to the sides, muscles tense). Here we were noticed and bought. Carefully removed one sleeve (relaxed, lowered one arm), the second sleeve, neatly folded (We bend at the waist, arms hang freely). We were brought home, hung in a closet (Again muscle tension). Then gently removed (relaxation). Put on the baby. Clap! We are children in fancy clothes.
The balls are folded (relaxed slope). We inflate them slowly (children straighten up, arms up), they straightened up, flew (we swing with raised arms, muscles are tense), and then deflated through a small hole (we slowly relax, lower our hands, bend over). We sealed the hole and again inflate the balloons.
I am a blob, spreading across the floor, all my muscles relaxing. But now I'm starting to dry out, slowly the paint spot is decreasing, I'm slowly pulling up my arms, legs, sit down (on the floor). And again, I'm me, standing next to my friends.
We are resting. Hands on knees. What is this? Magic power clenched her hands into fists, strong, even stronger ... Let's try to overpower her, move our fingers, blow. Here are the light fingers.
On line 1 - muscle tension, arms above your head, stretch up. On line 2 - muscle relaxation, arms relaxed, hanging, head down.
We have an icicle hanging under our roof,
The sun will rise, the icicle will melt and fall.
(Muscular tension - figures, relaxation - puddles). Winter, night, ice figures in the yard. How beautiful, like crystal! Ding dong! (touching the children). In the morning the sun warmed up, the figures are slowly melting, puddles are spreading ... Again evening, again night, again the fabulous ice figures have risen. Ding dong! But the morning has come, the figures are slowly melting. There are puddles in the yard again. Clap! Everything is gone! We are children in the group again.
For the first part of the poem, the children “roll up” a snowball, then they depict a snowman: hands on the belt, back straight, muscles tense, smile. The snowman has melted, the muscles are relaxed, the arms are down, the head is down.
Come on, my friend, be bold, my friend, roll your snowball through the snow.
He will turn into a snowball and become a snowman.
His smile is so bright! Two eyes, a hat, a nose, a broom!
But the sun will bake a little - alas! And no snowman!
Motes of dust dance merrily in a ray of sunshine, at the signal of a bell they spin more and more slowly, sit on the floor. The back and shoulders are relaxed, the arms are lowered, the head is tilted down. The vacuum cleaner has started, it collects dust particles. Whom the teacher has touched, he slowly goes to the chair.
Hands - horns are very hard. We make our way through the thickets. The fingers are strongly splayed (the horns are branched).
Look, we are deer! The wind blows towards us!
The wind has died down, shoulders have weakened, hands are on their knees again,
Hands are not tense, relaxed.
Look, girls and boys, our fingers are resting.
They shook the bottle, unscrewed the cap (showing with gestures), slowly and for a long time blew into the ring (inhale through the nose, exhale through the mouth). Ah, what beautiful bubbles! Show how they fly. (The muscles tense, the arms at the top are clasped in a circle and stretch up, the head is turned up, we look at the hands). Oh! Bubbles burst, only a soap puddle remained (muscles relaxed).
We strain our muscles very quickly with the first lines of the poem: arms to the sides, cheeks puffed out, we look up, the muscles are tense. During the second part of the poem, the muscles relax, arms down, head down.
Inflate the balloon quickly, it becomes big.
Suddenly the balloon burst, the air came out, it became thin and thin.
Imagine that you are sunbathing. But then the sun went behind a cloud, it became cold - everyone huddled into a ball to warm up (muscle tension, hold their breath). The sun came out from behind the clouds, it became hot - everyone relaxed (on exhalation).
What beautiful flowers! (children stand with their arms raised, hands showing “tulip” = muscle tension). It hasn't rained for a long time. The flowers withered. First the heads sank (children lowered their arms, bowed their heads, shoulders relaxed), then the leaves (relaxed lowered arms), then the whole stalk bent to the ground (tilt with relaxed arms). Suddenly it started to rain, the flowers began to slowly come to life (repeat movements in reverse order).
Children lie on the floor, on their backs.
We sunbathe beautifully, raise our legs higher.
We hold, we hold, we strain,
Tanned, lowered, legs are not tense and relaxed.
For the first part of the poem, all muscles tense up, the children stand on one leg, arms outstretched to the sides, for the second part - muscle relaxation.
You need to do sports, train every day,
Hands to the sides, do not fall, it is very difficult to stand like that,
Don't put your foot on the floor!
We all we strain the muscles,
Now let's relax them.
We lower our hands down. Come on, smile quickly!
The children lie on the carpet. The teacher says: “Imagine a warm summer evening. You lie on the grass and look at the clouds floating in the sky - such white, big, fluffy clouds in the blue sky. Everything around is quiet and calm, you are warm and comfortable. You begin to slowly and smoothly rise into the air, higher and higher, to the very clouds. Your arms are light, light, your legs are light, your whole body becomes light, like a cloud. Here you are swimming up to the biggest and fluffiest, to the most beautiful cloud in the sky. Closer and closer. And now you are already lying on this cloud, you feel how it gently hugs you, this fluffy and gentle cloud ... You feel good and pleasant. You are relaxed and calm. But then a cloud lowered you into a clearing. Smile at your cloud. Stretch and open your eyes. You had a good rest on the cloud. And now they are back in kindergarten.
Target: creating and maintaining a positive attitude.
We are very sorry to part
But it's time to say goodbye.
So that we don't get discouraged
You have to take a dry shower.
Children are encouraged to go through a "dry shower".
Feel how multi-colored streams touch your face and hands. All sorrows, resentments, boredom and sadness are left behind. And you are charged with cheerfulness, activity, joy. Charge Have a good mood, acquired in a wonderful land, will remain in you for a long time.
Whims, fatigue, disturbed sleep, lack of appetite. Sometimes parents cannot understand what is happening to their little child. Everything is very simple: babies are almost always in a state of high psycho-emotional arousal. There are plenty of reasons for this: stressful situations, adaptation, crisis age, fatigue, overexertion. During the day, the baby receives such a volume of information that it is not easy for his body to cope with it. Hence the strong stress, which is reflected in the behavior of the little one.
Special relaxation exercises to relieve stress in children help to get positive emotions, relieve tension and eliminate nervousness. After all, for the formation of a healthy psyche, the child needs to be able to relax.
Relaxation games in kindergarten
What child does not like games. It is this form - the game - that is actively used when conducting relaxation exercises for young children. The advantage of such exercises is that they can be performed at any time, and they do not require additional equipment. The technique is selected taking into account the age and inclinations of the children.
For example, breathing exercises help relieve excitement and calm the children before a quiet hour. It's best to do it on fresh air so that the body, in addition to resting, also receives oxygen enrichment.
To relax the muscles, you can do simple and simple exercise. Invite the kids to clench their fists or tighten their tummies for 10 minutes, and then “let go” of the state of tension. In order for the result to be maximum, relaxation should be carried out in a semi-lying position.
A great way to relax is sound therapy. Children with interest and pleasure listen to the sound of the forest, the surf or the rain. In addition, they also try to imagine the picture in their imagination. It is not only calming, but perfectly uplifting.
older children to school age they perfectly perceive art therapy, or in other words - creative activities: drawing, designing, modeling. During such exercises, the psycho-emotional stress is removed from the kids, in addition, creative development also occurs.
Relaxation exercises for schoolchildren
It is necessary to teach the baby to relax and control his emotional state before school age. A first grader should already be able to calm down on their own after a fun break and focus on getting new information. For younger students, breathing exercises or the auto-training method are most suitable.
Remove excitement and switch to educational process deep breathing helps. The child needs to take a slow breath through the nose, but exhale through the mouth. A few of these exercises - and the child is ready for the lesson!
As for auto-training, the mental parachute descent will help the student switch to mental activity even before the “imaginary” landing.
Relaxation is an important component of the full development of children. But the ability to relax does not come immediately. To do this, you need to conduct relaxation exercises daily. Just 10-15 minutes a day will help eliminate many of the problems that school-age children face.
Neuromuscular relaxation according to Jacobson for children
Edmund Jacobson, an American neurologist, developed a set of relaxation exercises for the muscular system. Constant stress and suppression of emotions lead to muscle clamps. The author of the methodology found that the emotional state and muscle tone are very closely interconnected, so his exercises help to relax the muscular system and normalize the psycho-emotional state. And, importantly, Jacobson's relaxation is useful not only for children, but also for their parents.
Before proceeding directly to the exercises, you should pay attention to the important conditions for relaxation:
- comfortable body position (lying or sitting);
- muscle tension occurs on inhalation, and relaxation occurs on exhalation (no more than 5 seconds);
- each exercise must be performed twice.
And now we offer a set of relaxation exercises for children:
- "Icicle". We squeeze the hands as much as possible, then relax.
- "Reach for the cloud." You need to pull the handles forward, as if you need to get something. Then we relax them and lower them on the exhale. After that, we raise the handles up and try to mentally reach out to the cloud and lower them again.
- "Butterfly". Just as a butterfly folds its wings, so the children should bring their shoulder blades together. Then they spread their "wings" again.
- "Turtle". Invite the children to feel like a turtle that is trying to hide its head in its shell (the kids raise their shoulders to their ears), and then stick it out of their “house”.
- "Heels - socks." First, children try to pull their heels to their knees, after which they relax their legs. Then they pull the socks and also relax as they exhale.
- "Shriveled Face" Kids wrinkle their nose, forehead, cheeks, eyes, as if they ate a very sour lemon. On exhalation, the children relax the muscles of the face.
- "Smile". Encourage your child to smile as widely as possible. Exhaling, he should make sponges a tube and make some kind of sound.
It is desirable that parents perform such exercises with their children and do not forget to praise their child at the same time.
Relaxation exercises for aggressive children
It is important for all kids to be able to relax, but for children with increased anxiety and aggressiveness, this is simply necessary.
To begin with, you should take care of the location of the classes. It is very important that an anxious child feel comfortable, so a cozy room with delicate colors will create the right atmosphere and will not cause aggressiveness in the baby.
As for relaxation exercises, for this category of kids, classes to relax the muscular system will be useful. For example, "Fight". Invite the child to imagine the situation as if he had a fight with his friend. The child is preparing for the upcoming fight, while his hands should be clenched into fists as tightly as possible, and his jaws should be closed. Ask him to fix this state for a few minutes, and then remember the good deeds of a friend - and let go of tension.
Perfectly removes aggression auto-training. After all, imagining ourselves a calm person, we eventually become one. A mental walk through the forest or the sea coast will relieve unnecessary stress and give positive emotions.
Deep breathing exercises are simply necessary for children with increased aggressiveness. Therefore, a few deep breaths and exhalations will help the child become much calmer and more peaceful.
It is very important that body contact is present during relaxation exercises. Aggressive kids need to be taught to perceive other people normally and treat them without anger and distrust.
Relaxation exercises for children with stuttering
Scientists have proven that speech activity and the psyche are interconnected. Therefore, the correction of stuttering in children includes not only the work of a speech therapist, but also relaxation exercises to relax muscle and psycho-emotional tension.
A stuttering baby, trying to tell something, strains the muscles of the face and throat so much that, as a result, the whole body experiences tension. muscular system body. Therefore, it is very important to first carry out exercises that will help relieve general tension, and only then conduct classes to relax the speech apparatus. Complete the set of exercises breathing exercises. By the way, for correction, you can use the Jacobson technique.
Relaxation exercises for children with cerebral palsy
Children with cerebral palsy will be helped by relaxing and breathing exercises, the purpose of which is to reduce muscle stiffness and relieve emotional stress. In addition, classes will help increase motor activity and increase children's self-control.
Exercise "Let's get to know each other!"
Have your child sit on the mat. Then, taking a deep breath, the baby should slowly raise the arms up, close the palms over the headboard and hold the breath. We exhale through the mouth, while the child should lean forward and lower the handles to the floor. On the exhale, you need to pronounce your name, you can also surname.
Exercise "Growing flower"
The gardening instructor invites the child to imagine himself as a small and shriveled seed (the child shrinks into a ball, hides his head and covers it with his hands). The “adult gardener”, taking care of the grain, strokes the baby on the back, on the head - and the “flower child” begins to grow. First, a stalk and leaves appear in it (the body and arms of the baby slowly stretch forward), then buds appear (brushes clench into fists). And, finally, the flower blooms (the fists open sharply).
Exercise "Annoying Fly"
Have your child lie down and close their eyes. Then he must imagine that he is lying on the spring grass, and the sun is warming him. But suddenly a fly landed on his forehead. Invite the child to move his eyebrows and drive it away - the fly did not fly away, but moved to one cheek (the child puffs it up), and then to the other (the kid puffs up the second cheek). A pesky insect is circling around the eyes, ask him to blink them. The fly sat on its chin - offer to move your jaw.
Breathing exercises "Artist"
The baby takes a deep breath and slowly raises his arms above his head. You need to hold your breath for a few seconds. Then we exhale, pronounce a long sound [a] and lower the handles.
We slowly raise our hands, only this time we fix them in front of us, hold our breath. Exhaling, we pronounce a long sound [y] - and lower the handles.
Especially for - Marina Amiran
Using relaxation exercises with children.
Modern preschoolers are sometimes loaded no less than adults. Visiting kindergarten, various circles and sport sections, they receive a large number of information, get tired physically and emotionally. After all, you need to be in time everywhere!
Such loads adversely affect the health of children. Therefore, it is so important to use relaxation exercises when working with preschoolers.
For some reason, it is generally accepted that relaxation and meditation methods are shown only to adults. In fact, this is not entirely true. Yes, frankly, it is difficult to explain to a three-year-old child what meditation is. Therefore, the relaxation of children preschool age requires a special look and approach. The main thing is to use it correctly and skillfully.
The nervous system of a preschool child is far from perfect. It is difficult for children to control the processes of excitation and inhibition of the nervous system. This explains restless sleep or problems with falling asleep after active games. First of all, this applies to active children. But, despite this, there are many ways by which you can calm the "loosened" child.
For the formation of emotional stability of the child, it is important to teach him to control his body. In the process of development, education and training, children receive a huge amount of information that they need to learn. Active mental activity and accompanying emotional experiences create excessive excitement in nervous system, which, accumulating, leads to tension in the muscles of the body. The ability to relax allows you to eliminate anxiety, agitation, stiffness, restores strength, increases energy.
Having learned to relax, each child receives what he previously lacked. This applies equally to any mental processes: cognitive, emotional or volitional. In the process of relaxation, the body redistributes energy in the best possible way and tries to bring the body to balance and harmony.
Children very quickly learn this difficult ability to relax. Even we adults have a lot to learn from them!
Relaxing, excited, restless children gradually become more balanced, attentive and patient. Children who are inhibited, constrained, lethargic and timid acquire confidence, vigor, freedom in expressing their feelings and thoughts.
If we purposefully teach children to relieve excess stress and restore balance, we will contribute to the preservation of the health of our children!
Relaxation exercises with focus on breathing | |
"Lazy cat" Raise your hands up, then stretch forward, stretch like a cat. Feel how the body stretches. Then sharply lower your hands down, pronouncing the sound “a”. | "Blow out the candle." Inhale deeply, drawing as much air into the lungs as possible. Then, stretching out your lips with a tube, exhale slowly, as if blowing on a candle, while pronouncing the sound “u” for a long time. |
Facial relaxation exercises | "Naughty cheeks". Take in air by puffing out your cheeks. Hold your breath, slowly exhale the air, as if blowing out a candle. Relax your cheeks. Then close your lips with a tube, inhale the air, drawing it in. The cheeks are retracted. Then relax your cheeks and lips. |
"Evil has calmed down." Tighten your jaw, stretching your lips and exposing your teeth. Roar with all your might. Then take a few deep breaths, stretch, smile and, opening your mouth wide, yawn: And when I get very angry, I tense up, but I hold on. | "Locked mouth". Purse your lips so that they are not visible at all. Close your mouth with a “lock”, tightly squeezing your lips. Then relax them: I have a secret, I won't tell you, no (purse your lips). |
Neck relaxation exercise | "Curious Barabara". Starting position: standing, feet shoulder-width apart, arms down, head straight. Turn your head to the left, then to the right. Inhale-exhale. The movement is repeated 2 times in each direction. Then return to the starting position, relax the muscles: Curious Varvara looks to the left, looks to the right. |
Arm muscle relaxation exercises | "Lemon". Lower your hands down and imagine that there is a lemon in your right hand, from which you need to squeeze the juice. Slowly clench your right hand as tightly as possible into a fist. Feel how tense your right hand is. Then throw the "lemon" and relax your hand: I will take a lemon in my hand. |
"Pair" (alternating movement with tension and relaxation of the arms). Standing opposite each other and touching the partner's forward palms, straighten your right arm with tension, thereby bending the partner's left arm at the elbow. Left hand while bending at the elbow, while the partner straightens. | "Vibration". What a wonderful day today! |
Leg muscle relaxation exercises | "Deck". Imagine yourself on a ship. Shakes. In order not to fall, you need to spread your legs wider and press them to the floor. Clasp your hands behind your back. The deck rocked - transfer the body weight to the right leg, press it to the floor (the right leg is tense, the left is relaxed, slightly bent at the knee, the toe touches the floor). Straighten up. Relax your leg. Swung in the other direction - press left leg to the floor. Straighten up! Inhale-exhale! It began to rock the deck! Press your foot to the deck! We press the leg tighter, And we relax the other. |
"Horses". Our legs wobbled | "Elephant". Put your feet firmly, then imagine yourself as an elephant. Slowly transfer the body weight to one leg, and raise the other high and lower it to the floor with a “roar”. Move around the room, alternately raising each leg and lowering it with a kick of the foot on the floor. Breathe out "Wow!" |
Relaxation exercises for the whole body | "Snow Woman" Children imagine that each of them is a snowman. Huge, beautiful, which was fashioned from the snow. She has a head, a torso, two arms sticking out to the sides, and she stands on strong legs. Beautiful morning, the sun is shining. Here it begins to bake, and the snowman begins to melt. Next, the children depict how the snowman melts. First the head melts, then one hand, then the other. Gradually, little by little, the body begins to melt. The snowman turns into a puddle that spreads on the ground. |
"Birds". Children imagine that they are small birds. They fly through the fragrant summer forest, inhale its aromas and admire its beauty. So they sat down on a beautiful wild flower and breathed in its light aroma, and now they flew to the highest linden, sat on its crown and felt the sweet smell of a flowering tree. But a warm summer breeze blew, and the birds, along with its impulse, rushed to the murmuring forest stream. Sitting on the edge of the stream, they cleaned their feathers with their beaks, drank clean, cool water, splashed and again rose up. And now we will land in the most comfortable nest in a forest clearing. | "Bell". Children lie on their backs. They close their eyes and relax to the sound of the lullaby “Fluffy Clouds”. “Awakening” takes place to the sound of a bell. |
"Summer day". Children lie on their backs, relaxing all the muscles and closing their eyes. Relaxation to the sound of calm music: I'm lying in the sun, | "Slow motion". Children sit closer to the edge of the chair, lean against the back, put their hands freely on their knees, legs slightly apart, close their eyes and sit quietly for a while, listening to slow, quiet music:
|
"Silence". Hush, hush, hush! |
The institution where I have been working as a teacher-psychologist for the fifth year is unique in its purpose. This is a pre-school institution for children from families at social risk. Children brought up in kindergarten"Nest", deprived of parental attention, love and care - hence their fears, inappropriate behavior, anxiety, self-doubt. The problems of our children are aggravated by the fact that they spend most of their lives within the walls of a preschool institution with a round-the-clock stay.
Most of our children are characterized by imbalance and mobility between the processes of excitation and inhibition, increased emotionality, motor restlessness, 78% of children have serious neurological diagnoses.
The desire to help made me seek and try many things. The result of these searches is the system of measures developed by me to relieve psycho-emotional stress, which includes the "System of relaxation exercises for preschool children", "The system of working with a dry pool", training sessions with children, etc.
The ability to relax helps some children relieve stress, others - to concentrate, relieve excitement. Relaxation is caused by specially selected game techniques. Each is given a figurative name, this captivates children. They perform relaxing exercises, not just imitating the leader, but reincarnating, entering into a given image. Most children perceive these exercises correctly, relax well. This can be judged by the appearance of the child: a calm expression on his face, even rhythmic breathing, sluggish obedient hands that fall heavily, some have yawning, a drowsy state, etc. Experience shows that as a result of the use of relaxation, many children get better sleep, they become more balanced and calm.
"Relaxation pauses" are included in the daily routine of the kindergarten. In the proposed complex, the exercises are scheduled weekly, taking into account the stages of work (according to E. Jacobson):
1. The first exercise is aimed at muscle relaxation in contrast to tension, can be used in the UGG complex: as a physical minute in class, at any routine moment during the day;
2. The second exercise is muscle relaxation according to the presentation. It is carried out once a day, after a day's walk.
Since our children experience a deficit of positive tactile sensations, elements of tactile interaction between the presenter and the child (“the breeze strokes you”) are introduced into the mood plot. This has a positive effect on the relaxation response.
SYSTEM OF RELAXATION EXERCISES FOR PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Week of the month |
September |
October |
1) “Sunny Bunny” |
1) “Butterfly” |
|
1) “Smile” |
1) “Sunny Bunny” |
|
1) “Bee” |
1) “Barbara” |
|
1) “Swing” |
1) "Bumps" |
|
november |
December |
|
1) “Pick the apple” |
1) “Icicle” |
|
1) “Cold-hot” |
1) “Rod” |
|
| 1) “Sunny Bunny” 2) “Bird flight” |
1) “Rag doll and soldier” 2) "Lazy" |
|
1) “Humpty Dumpty” |
1) “Jewel” |
|
January |
February |
|
1) “Everyone sleeps” |
1) “Ant” |
|
1) “Playing with sand” |
1) “Screw” |
|
1) “Sunny Bunny” |
1) “Barbell” (verses) |
|
1) “The sun and the cloud” |
1) “Deers” |
|
March |
April |
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1) “Cams” |
1) “Pump and ball” |
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1) “Sunny Bunny” |
1) “Rag doll and soldier” |
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1) “Butterfly” |
1) “Ant” |
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1) “Playing with sand” |
1) “Cold-hot” |
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June |
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1) “Humpty Dumpty” |
1) “Sunny Bunny” |
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1) “Jewel” |
1) “Playing with sand” |
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1) “Everyone sleeps” |
1) “Butterfly” |
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1) “Screw” |
1) “Ant” |
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July |
August |
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1) “Pick the apple” |
1) “Barbell” (verses) |
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1) “The sun and the cloud” |
1) “Barbara” |
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1) “Smile” |
1) “Bee” |
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1) “Swing” |
1) “Humpty Dumpty” |
Relaxation settings
When using relaxation techniques, it is important to adhere to the technique of a gradual transition to a state of relaxation. Exercises are recommended to be performed accompanied by pleasant, calm music.
Stage 1
Lie down comfortably and relax.
Stage 2
Feel and "examine" your entire body with your mind's eye, causing a feeling of warmth, and sequentially "examining" all its parts: head, arms, legs, torso. It is advisable to close your eyes while doing this.
Stage 3
A feeling of pleasant warmth, pleasure, peace, comfort from a relaxed body.
Introductory section before each setting
The children lie down on the carpet, make themselves comfortable. The arms are extended along the body, relaxed. Legs are straight, not crossed. Quiet calm music plays.
Leading.“Lie down comfortably. Close your eyes. We breathe calmly and evenly. Let's give our legs and arms a rest, stretch and relax them. Let's be quiet and listen to the sounds around us ... (pause). Listen to your breathing... (pause) Breathing is even and calm. Let your body relax and rest... (pause). Listen to what I want to tell you…”
Relaxation moods
“Balloons And"
Imagine that you are all balloons, very beautiful and funny. You are inflated and you become lighter and lighter. Your whole body becomes light, weightless. And the arms are light, and the legs are light, light. The balloons rise higher and higher. A warm gentle breeze is blowing, it gently blows over each ball ... (pause - stroking the children). It blows on the ball ..., caresses the ball ... It's easy for you, calmly. You fly where the gentle breeze blows. But now it's time to return home. You are back in this room. Stretch and open your eyes on the count of three. Smile at your balloon.
"Clouds"
Imagine a warm summer evening. You lie on the grass and look at the clouds floating in the sky - such white, big, fluffy clouds in the blue sky. Everything around is quiet and calm, you are warm and comfortable. With each breath and exhalation, you begin to slowly and smoothly rise into the air, higher and higher, to the very clouds. Your arms are light, light, your legs are light. your whole body becomes light as a cloud. Here you are swimming up to the biggest and fluffiest, to the most beautiful cloud in the sky. Closer and closer. And now you are already lying on this cloud, you feel how it gently strokes you, this fluffy and gentle cloud ... (pause - stroking the children). Stroking ..., stroking ... You feel good and pleasant. You are relaxed and calm. But then a cloud lowered you into a clearing. Smile at your cloud. Stretch and open your eyes on the count of three. You had a good rest on the cloud.
"Lazy"
Today my children did a lot of work, played and probably got tired. I suggest you be a little lazy. Imagine that you are lazy and bask on a soft, soft carpet. The surroundings are quiet and calm, you breathe easily and freely. A feeling of pleasant peace and relaxation covers your entire body. You rest easy, you are lazy. Rest your hands, rest your legs ... (pause - stroking the children). The arms are resting at ..., the legs are resting at ... Pleasant warmth covers your entire body, you are too lazy to move, you are pleased. Your breathing is perfectly calm. Your arms, legs, your whole body is relaxed. A feeling of pleasant peace fills you from within. You rest, you are lazy. Pleasant laziness spreads throughout the body. You enjoy complete peace and relaxation, which brings you strength and good mood. Stretch, throw off laziness and at the expense of "three" open your eyes. You feel well rested, you have a cheerful mood.
"Waterfall"
Imagine that you are standing near a waterfall. Wonderful day, blue sky, warm sun. The mountain air is fresh and pleasant. You breathe easily and freely. But our waterfall is unusual, instead of water, soft white light falls in it. Imagine that you are standing under this waterfall and feel how this beautiful white light streams over your head. You feel how it pours over your forehead, then over your face, down your neck ... White light flows over your shoulders ... helps them become soft and relaxed ... (pause - stroking the children). And gentle light flows further along the chest at ..., along the stomach at ... Let the light stroke your hands, fingers. The light also flows through the legs and you feel how the body becomes softer and you relax. This amazing waterfall of white light flows around your entire body. You feel completely calm, and with each breath you relax more and more. Now stretch and open your eyes at the count of three. The magical light filled you with fresh strength and energy.
Relaxation exercises to relieve tension from the muscles of the trunk, arms, legs
"Sleeping Kitten"
Imagine that you are funny, mischievous kittens. Kittens walk, arch their backs, wag their tails. But now the kittens are tired...they start yawning, lie down on the rug and fall asleep. In kittens, the tummies rise and fall evenly, they breathe calmly (repeat 2-3 times).
"Bumps"
Imagine that you are cubs and your mother bear is playing with you. She throws you cones. You catch them and squeeze them with force in your paws. But now the cubs are tired and drop their paws along the body - the paws are resting. And the mother bear again throws cones to the cubs ... (repeat 2-3 times)
“Cold - hot”
Imagine that you are playing in a sunny meadow. Suddenly a cold wind blew. You felt cold, you froze, wrapped your arms around yourself, pressed your head to your hands - you are warming yourself. We warmed up, relaxed ... But then a cold wind blew again ... (repeat 2-3 times).
“Sun and clouds”
Imagine that you are sunbathing. But then the sun went behind a cloud, it became cold - everyone huddled into a ball to warm up (hold their breath). The sun came out from behind the clouds, it became hot - everyone relaxed (on exhalation). Repeat 2-3 times.
"Jewel"
Imagine that you are holding something very valuable, dear to you, and someone wants to take it away from you. You squeeze your fists tighter and tighter ... even tighter, the bones have already turned white, the hands begin to tremble ... But then the offender is gone, and you open your fists, your fingers become relaxed, your hands lie calmly on your knees ... they rest ... (repeat 2-3 times ).
“Sand Play”
Imagine that you are sitting on the beach. Take sand in your hands (as you inhale). Strongly clenching your fingers into a fist, hold the sand in your hands (holding your breath). Sprinkle sand on your knees, gradually opening your hands and fingers. Drop powerlessly hands along the body, too lazy to move heavy hands (repeat 2-3 times).
"Ant"
Imagine that you are sitting in a clearing, the sun is gently warming. An ant climbed on toes. With force, pull the socks over yourself, legs tense, straight. Let's listen to which finger the ant sits on (holding the breath). Let's throw the ant off its feet (on the exhale). Socks go down - to the sides, relax your legs: legs rest (repeat 2-3 times).
Relaxation exercises to relieve tension from the muscles of the face
"Smile"
Imagine that you see a beautiful sun in front of you in the picture, whose mouth broke into a wide smile. Smile in response to the sun and feel how the smile passes into your hands, reaches the palms. Do this again and try to smile wider. Your lips stretch, cheek muscles tense up… Breathe and smile… your arms and hands are filled with the smiling power of the sun (repeat 2-3 times).
"Sunny Bunny"
Imagine that a sunbeam looked into your eyes. Close them. He ran further across the face. Gently stroke it with your palms: on the forehead, on the nose, on the mouth, on the cheeks, on the chin. Stroke gently, so as not to frighten away, the head, neck, tummy, arms, legs. He climbed up by the collar - stroke him there too. He is not mischievous - he catches and caresses you, and you pet him and make friends with him (repeat 2-3 times).
"Bee"
Imagine a warm, summer day. Substitute the sun for your face, your chin also tans (open your lips and teeth while inhaling). A bee is flying, going to sit on someone's tongue. Close your mouth tightly (hold your breath). Chasing the bee, you can vigorously move your lips. The bee flew away. Slightly open your mouth, exhale with relief (repeat 2-3 times).
"Butterfly"
Imagine a warm, summer day. Your face is sunbathing, your nose is also sunbathing - expose your nose to the sun, your mouth is half open. A butterfly flies, chooses whose nose to sit on. Wrinkle the nose, lift the upper lip up, leave the mouth half open (holding the breath). When chasing a butterfly, you can vigorously move your nose. The butterfly has flown away. Relax the muscles of the lips and nose (on the exhale) (repeat 2-3 times).
"Swing"
Imagine a warm, summer day. Your face is tanning, the gentle sun is stroking you (the muscles of the face are relaxed). But then a butterfly flies and sits on your eyebrows. She wants to swing like on a swing. Let the butterfly swing on the swing. Move your eyebrows up and down. The butterfly has flown away, and the sun warms (relaxation of facial muscles) (repeat 2-3 times).
SYSTEM OF WORK FOR THE USE OF A "DRY" POOL
1. The use of individual exercises to relieve psycho-emotional stress during the day (at the discretion of the group teacher).
2. The use of individual exercises as part of an individual remedial session (at the discretion of the kindergarten specialists).
All classes are conducted under the direct supervision and supervision of the teacher.
Each exercise involves repetition from 3 to 5 times.
Classes in the "dry" pool help to get rid of muscle and emotional tension. During the "swimming" the child feels the constant contact of the skin with the balls, thereby receiving a massage of the whole body. There is stimulation of proprioceptive and tactile sensitivity. The balls in the pool act as a general massage, influencing the relaxation of muscle hypertonicity and inhibition of hyperkinesis, i.e. games and exercises in the “dry” pool are important for the psycho-emotional development of the child.
- The lesson should be conducted in the form of a game.
- The lesson is held in a favorable emotional atmosphere, arouses interest.
- Classes should be applied, taking into account the capabilities of the child.
- It is necessary to encourage the satisfaction that the child receives from the lesson.
- The total duration of the lesson is 15-20 minutes.
- The frequency of classes is 1 time per week.
- Classes are held individually.
- The dress code is a T-shirt and shorts.
Stages of the lesson
I - Introduction
Target. Creation of a game situation.
II, III - Main part.
II - Massage and strengthening of the muscles of the upper limbs.
III - Full body massage, development of general mobility.
IV - Final part.
Target. Muscle relaxation, positive attitude.
A set of exercises "On the lake"
Part I. Introductory part
"We came to the lake with you. We will swim, relax. The water in the lake is warm, gentle. You feel good and pleasant. But before you swim, I suggest you play with the water."
II part "Playing with water"
Target. Massage and strengthening of the muscles of the upper limbs.
Exercise number 1 "Colorful circles"
I.p. the child is kneeling in front of the pool.
“Dip your right hand into the “water” and “draw” large multi-colored circles (rotational movements right hand). Do the same with your left hand" (3-4 times).
Exercise number 2 "Sun"
"Now put both hands into the "water" and with both "draw" the sun (rotational movements of both hands at the same time)" 3-4 times.
Exercise number 3 "Rainbow"
"In the "water" you have both hands and you will try to "draw a rainbow (simultaneous movements with both hands from left to right and back)" 3-4 times.
III part "Swimmer"
Target
- Promote full body massage and develop overall mobility
I.p.: lying on the stomach
Exercise #1
Arms are straightened, stretched up. Hand movements are made according to the type of swimming, raking the balls away from oneself to the sides, then performing the same movements towards oneself (4-5 times)
Exercise #2
Hands are pressed along the body, the head is raised. Leg movements are made according to the type of swimming, raking the balls away from oneself to the sides, then performing the same movements towards oneself (4-5 times).
Exercise #3
Arms are straightened, stretched up. Synchronous exercises with legs and arms are performed according to the type of swimming (4-5 times).
IV part "Rest"
Target.
Alternate tension with relaxation, regulate breathing, help reduce psycho-emotional stress.
I.p. : lying on back
"Imagine that you are lying on the very shore of the lake in the water. The water is warm, gentle. It is calm and quiet around. You feel good and pleasant. Close your eyes, listening to my voice:"
Exercise #1
"Listen to your breathing. We breathe evenly and calmly. Slowly inhale and exhale" (2-3 times).
Exercise #2
"Straighten your fingers, stretch so that all the muscles of the body tense up, arms and legs become heavy, as if made of stone (10-15 seconds). Now relax, rest - your body has become light as a feather" (2-3 times) .
Exercise #3
"My hands are relaxed, they are like rags...
My legs are relaxed, they are soft..., warm...
My body is relaxed, it is light..., motionless...
It's easy and pleasant for me...
I breathe easily and calmly ...
I'm resting... I'm gaining strength..."
Freshness and vivacity enter me ...
I'm light as a balloon...
I am kind and friendly to everyone...
I had a good rest!
I am in a good mood!
Get up, class is over.
