Educational psychologist

MKDOU D \ s No. 1 "Ilyachin"

The modern rhythm of life, stressful situations that arise at work and in the family often lead a person to a bad mood and overstrain. This condition often results in depression. In order to avoid such a situation, psychologists advise learning to relax. It is recommended to use various means of meditation and relaxation. With adults, everything is clear. And what to do if you are overexcited and overstressed Small child who finds it difficult to calm down after active communication and games?

Exist various ways to calm an excitable child. One of them is the organization of the mode of wakefulness and sleep. Active children can sometimes be difficult to get to bed on a set schedule. In such a situation, it is important to create conditions for a certain daily rhythm for the baby. It is important to carry out all meals, as well as walks, at the same hours. In addition, during the period that precedes the rest, there should not be active classes. Only then will the child get used to a certain regimen.

Physical education and massage. Everyone knows about the benefits of these two components. However, apply to Everyday life massage and physical education are often lazy or simply forgotten. Sport is especially important in raising an active child. Thanks to physical culture the baby is developing intellectually. Sport educates a person in him. For small children, alternation of physical and intellectual exercises or their harmonious combination is very useful. Relaxing massage is also important for the child. Knowing the technique of such manipulations, with the impact on certain points, you can control the emotional state of the baby in a certain way. Foot massage has a particularly miraculous power. They should be kneaded with little effort and “draw” eights on them. The main thing is to find the moment when the child will lie, and not try to run away in search of some activity.

Aromatherapy. Smells are very powerful. Some of them are able to inspire, others, on the contrary, upset. Aromas affect the sense of smell of a child in the same way as on the body of an adult. However, not all soothing substances are suitable for a little man. Used in children's practice essential oils lemon balm and chamomile, sage and rose. However, caution is required when using them. So, you should not apply undiluted oils directly to the skin of a child, especially if he is not yet three years old. The most harmless way to use such products are aroma lamps.

Relaxation. The workload of modern preschoolers is sometimes amazing. They visit kindergarten, various mugs and sport sections. receiving a large number of information, children get tired both physically and emotionally. At the same time, they need to be in time everywhere. The loads that a child's body experiences negatively affect his health. That is why relaxation exercises are used in working with preschoolers. Relaxation is the removal of mental stress with a decrease muscle tone. After doing special exercises the child becomes calm and balanced. He becomes more aware of his feelings. Relaxation exercises for children play a big role.

Relaxation exercises. In order to emotionally defuse the child, offer him various games.

"Sand Play" The child should sit on a chair, resting against its back. He must imagine that he is on the bank of a river with loose and cool sand. The kid, closing his eyes, on a deep breath should seem to pick it up in a fist. Fingers should be squeezed as tightly as possible. In this position, the child should sit for a while. When exhaling, imaginary sand must be slowly “poured” onto your knees. At the end of the exercise, the arms should be “dropped” along the body.

"Pipe". This exercise will allow the baby to relax the muscles of the face. The child must imagine that he is holding a pipe in his hands. To "play" the instrument, the baby must be offered to draw as much air into the lungs as possible, and then stretch out his lips with a tube and pronounce a long sound "oooo".

"Sunny Bunny" Performing this exercise also helps to relax the facial muscles. The kid must imagine that a ray of the sun "walks" on his face. First, a bright "bunny" jumps on his eyes - they need to be closed. Then the ray moves to the cheek, forehead, nose, mouth and chin. This playful "bunny" baby needs to be gently stroked.

"Icicle". By doing this exercise relaxation of the muscles of the whole body is achieved. The adult invites the kids to imagine themselves in the role of an icicle, closing their eyes and standing up with their hands up. You should stay in this position for one to two minutes. Then the children are invited to imagine how the icicle slowly melts, warmed by the warm rays of the sun. In this case, the hands should be relaxed, and after that the muscles of the neck, shoulders, torso and legs. Relaxation texts can be applied at the same time. For children, such a "game" will be most interesting. So, during this exercise, the teacher is invited to pronounce the following words: “Under the roof of our house, an icicle hangs. The sun will warm, it will melt and fall.

"Walk". When performing this exercise, the children are seated on chairs. For muscle tension, they must raise their legs and, without touching the floor, “run” and “walk”. And at this time texts for relaxation can be used. For example: We were going for a walk. Hurry, don't fall behind! Everyone ran a little, our legs got tired. We'll sit for a while, but then we'll see. The texts used for relaxation should help the baby create the necessary image, which will allow him to relax most effectively.

The use of special equipment. From the early age every child is familiar with the ball. This item serves him for games and entertainment. Currently, manufacturers offer a fairly wide selection of balls, various in quality, size and color. Relatively recently, a new offer appeared on the consumer market - a fitball, the diameter of which can be from 45 to 70 centimeters. It provides relaxation for children. preschool age. With a fitball, kids begin to practice from the age of four or five.

For example, a child sits on the side of the ball, hugs it with his left or right hand and puts his head on it. This position should be fixed for ten to fifteen seconds.

Relaxation for preschool children can also be performed with the help of alternating muscle tension and relaxation. The child should sit on the floor, pressing as much as possible, as well as clasping the ball with his arms and legs. This position must be maintained for eight to ten seconds. Then the child should relax.

Relaxation and music. Currently, the number of children with various forms of psycho-emotional disorders has significantly increased. The reason for this is the limitation of the social circle of preschoolers and their concentration on computers and televisions. Music is an invaluable help in raising a child and improving his mental health. Relaxation is achieved by listening to the rustle of leaves and the singing of birds, the sound of rain and the murmur of a stream. These sounds relieve the baby from worries and fears. They give him confidence and good mood. Experts recommend combining calm melodies and sounds of nature. Relaxation is the most effective.

Relax before bed. Little children love to listen to fairy tales. Parents often read them before bed. However, this does not always help to quickly put the child to bed. The kid begins to make assumptions and ask a lot of questions. In order to prevent this from happening, special relaxing tales are needed. Relaxation for preschool children before going to bed is carried out with them. These stories don't make any sense. Their plot is quite simple and very understandable for a child. A fairy-tale character in such stories should always want to sleep and fall asleep soundly at the end. The voice of the narrator is monotonous and smooth. It soothes and relaxes the baby. He disconnects from the environment and falls asleep. Coming up with a relaxation fairy tale is not at all difficult. It is only necessary to follow some rules: the child must know the main character of the fairy tale well and love him; the text of the story is composed using simple sentences; repetition of words is important, contributing to peace and relaxation; at the end of the story main character must fall asleep; The speaker's voice must be quiet. If the same relaxation tale is told many times, then the child will develop a conditioned reflex that allows him to quickly and calmly fall asleep. Much more effective relaxation will come to a soothing melody, as well as to the sounds of nature.

Using relaxation exercises with children

N.V. Kotikova,

pedagogue-psychologist of the 1st qualification category MDOU

“Kindergarten of combined type No. 35”, Polysaevo, Kemerovo region

Modern preschoolers are sometimes loaded no less than adults. Visiting a kindergarten, various clubs and sports sections, they get a lot of information, get tired physically and emotionally. After all, you need to be in time everywhere!

Such stress adversely affects the mental health of children. Therefore, it is so important to use relaxation exercises when working with preschoolers.

Mental health is understood as such a dynamic set of mental properties of a person that allows him to cognize the surrounding reality, adapt to it, and form his own behavior patterns. The mental component of health is largely reduced to a person's awareness of his functional significance in the process of personality formation and social adaptation, in the implementation of their own or collective needs, plans and goals.

Modern scientific evidence proves that a balance of positive and negative emotions is necessary for the mental health of children, ensuring the maintenance of mental balance and life-affirming behavior. When others treat the child with understanding, recognize and do not violate his rights, he experiences emotional well-being - a sense of confidence, security. This, in turn, contributes to the harmonious development of the child's personality, the development of positive qualities in him, a benevolent attitude towards other people. Inattention or insufficient attention to the emotional life of children, on the contrary, leads to negative consequences.

For the formation of emotional stability of the child, it is important to teach him to control his body. In the process of development, education and training, children receive a huge amount of information that they need to learn. Active mental activity and accompanying emotional experiences create excessive excitation in the nervous system, which, accumulating, leads to tension in the muscles of the body. The ability to relax allows you to eliminate anxiety, agitation, stiffness, restores strength, increases energy.

Relaxation (from Latin relaxation - weakening, relaxation) - deep muscle relaxation, accompanied by the removal of mental stress. Relaxation can be both involuntary and voluntary, achieved as a result of the use of special psychophysiological techniques.

As you know, emotions and feelings are difficult to volitional regulation. Adults need to keep this in mind when faced with unwanted or unexpected children's emotions. It is better not to evaluate the child's feelings in such acute situations, because this will only lead to misunderstanding or negativism. It is impossible to demand from a child not to experience what he experiences, feels; only the form of manifestation of his negative emotions can be limited. In addition, our task is not to suppress or eradicate emotions, but to teach children to feel their emotions, control their behavior, listen to their bodies.

To this end, in our work we use specially selected exercises to relax certain parts of the body and the whole organism. They can be considered as part of the lesson and as an independent training system. The appendix contains a summary of the lesson in the preparatory group with the inclusion of relaxation exercises.

For ease of use of these exercises, we classified them in the following areas:

Relaxation exercises with focus on breathing:

"Blow out the candle."

Inhale deeply, drawing as much air into the lungs as possible. Then, stretching out your lips with a tube, exhale slowly, as if blowing on a candle, while pronouncing the sound “u” for a long time.

"Lazy cat"

Raise your hands up, then stretch forward, stretch like a cat. Feel how the body stretches. Then sharply lower your hands down, pronouncing the sound “a”.

Facial muscle relaxation exercises:

"Naughty cheeks".

Take in air by puffing out your cheeks. Hold your breath, slowly exhale the air, as if blowing out a candle. Relax your cheeks. Then close your lips with a tube, inhale the air, drawing it in. The cheeks are retracted. Then relax your cheeks and lips.

"Locked mouth".

Purse your lips so that they are not visible at all. Close your mouth with a “lock”, tightly squeezing your lips. Then relax them:

I have a secret, I won't tell you, no (purse your lips).

Oh, how hard it is to resist without saying anything (4–5 s).

Nevertheless, I will relax my lips, and I will leave the secret to myself.

"Evil has calmed down."

Tighten your jaw, stretching your lips and exposing your teeth. Roar with all your might. Then take a few deep breaths, stretch, smile and, opening your mouth wide, yawn:

And when I get very angry, I tense up, but I hold on.

I squeeze my jaw strongly and scare everyone with a growl (growl).

For anger to fly away and relax the whole body,

Take a deep breath, stretch, smile,

Maybe even yawn (open mouth wide, yawn).

Neck relaxation exercises:

"Curious Barabara".

Starting position: standing, feet shoulder-width apart, arms down, head straight. Turn your head to the left, then to the right. Inhale-exhale. The movement is repeated 2 times in each direction. Then return to initial position relax muscles:

Curious Varvara looks to the left, looks to the right.

And then again forward - here a little rest.

Raise your head up, look at the ceiling as long as possible. Then return to the starting position, relax the muscles:

Comes back - relaxation is nice!

Slowly lower your head down, press your chin to your chest. Then return to the starting position, relax the muscles:

And now let's look down - the muscles of the neck have tensed!

Coming back - relaxing is nice!

Muscle relaxation exercises:

"Lemon".

Lower your hands down and imagine that there is a lemon in your right hand, from which you need to squeeze the juice. Slowly clench your right hand as tightly as possible into a fist. Feel how tense your right hand is. Then throw the "lemon" and relax your hand:

I will take a lemon in my hand.

I feel like it's round.

I squeeze it a little -

I squeeze lemon juice.

All right, juice is ready.

I throw a lemon, relax my hand.

Perform the same exercise with your left hand.

“Pair” (alternate movement with tension and relaxation of the hands).

Standing opposite each other and touching the partner's forward palms, straighten your right arm with tension, thereby bending at the elbow left hand partner. At the same time, the left hand bends at the elbow, and the partner straightens.

"Vibration".

What a wonderful day today!

We will drive away boredom and laziness.

They shook their hands.

Here we are healthy and strong.

Leg muscle relaxation exercises:

"Deck".

Imagine yourself on a ship. Shakes. In order not to fall, you need to spread your legs wider and press them to the floor. Clasp your hands behind your back. The deck rocked - transfer the body weight to the right leg, press it to the floor ( right leg tense, left relaxed, slightly bent at the knee, toe touches the floor). Straighten up. Relax your leg. It swung in the other direction - to press the left leg to the floor. Straighten up! Inhale-exhale!

It began to rock the deck! Press your foot to the deck!

We press the leg tighter, and relax the other.

"Horses".

Our legs wobbled

We will run along the path.

But be careful

Don't forget what to do!

Put your feet firmly, then imagine yourself as an elephant. Slowly transfer the body weight to one leg, and raise the other high and lower it to the floor with a “roar”. Move around the room, alternately raising each leg and lowering it with a kick of the foot on the floor. Breathe out "Wow!"

Relaxation exercises for the whole body:

"Snow Woman"

Children imagine that each of them is a snowman. Huge, beautiful, which was fashioned from the snow. She has a head, a torso, two arms sticking out to the sides, and she stands on strong legs. Beautiful morning, the sun is shining. Here it begins to bake, and the snowman begins to melt. Next, the children depict how the snowman melts. First the head melts, then one hand, then the other. Gradually, little by little, the body begins to melt. The snowman turns into a puddle that spreads on the ground.

"Birds".

Children imagine that they are small birds. They fly through the fragrant summer forest, inhale its aromas and admire its beauty. So they sat down on a beautiful wild flower and breathed in its light aroma, and now they flew to the highest linden, sat on its crown and felt the sweet smell of a flowering tree. But a warm summer breeze blew, and the birds, along with its impulse, rushed to the murmuring forest stream. Sitting on the edge of the stream, they cleaned their feathers with their beaks, drank clean, cool water, splashed and again rose up. And now we will land in the most comfortable nest in a forest clearing.

"Bell".

Children lie on their backs. They close their eyes and relax to the sound of the lullaby “Fluffy Clouds”. “Awakening” takes place to the sound of a bell.

"Summer day".

Children lie on their backs, relaxing all the muscles and closing their eyes. Relaxation to the sound of calm music:

I'm lying in the sun,

But I don't look at the sun.

We close our eyes, our eyes rest.

The sun caresses our faces

May we have a good dream.

Suddenly we hear: boom-boom-boom!

Thunder came out for a walk.

Thunder rumbles like a drum.

"Slow motion".

Children sit closer to the edge of the chair, lean against the back, put their hands freely on their knees, legs slightly apart, close their eyes and sit quietly for a while, listening to slow, quiet music:

Everyone can dance, jump, run, draw.

But not everyone knows how to relax, to rest.

We have a game like this - very easy, simple.

The movement slows down, tension disappears.

And it becomes clear - relaxation is pleasant!

"Silence".

Hush, hush, hush!

You can't talk!

We are tired - we need to sleep - we will lie down quietly on the bed

And we will sleep quietly.

Children really like doing such exercises, because they have an element of the game. They quickly learn this difficult ability to relax.

Having learned to relax, each child receives what he previously lacked. This applies equally to any mental processes: cognitive, emotional or volitional. In the process of relaxation, the body redistributes energy in the best possible way and tries to bring the body to balance and harmony.

Relaxing, excited, restless children gradually become more balanced, attentive and patient. Children who are inhibited, constrained, lethargic and timid acquire confidence, vigor, freedom in expressing their feelings and thoughts.

Such systematic work allows the child's body to relieve excess stress and restore balance, thereby maintaining mental health.

Application

Relaxation exercise session

"My mood"

(preparatory group)

Objectives: To introduce children to ways to control and regulate mood. Improving the ability to recognize your mood, be able to talk about it, draw it. Cultivate goodwill towards peers and surrounding people.

Lesson progress:

♫ (Calm, quiet music sounds. Children stand in a circle.)

Psychologist: In a wide circle, I see, all my friends stood up.

I'm for you, my friends, I'll bake pies for everyone,

You need to bake them quickly so that they can be in time for breakfast.

(Music turns off.)

Children, show with facial expressions what mood you are in. Why is it like this?

(Children talk about their mood,

why does it change?)

Exercise "Magic bag"

Psychologist: Let's hide our bad mood in a magic bag.

(Children “put” their bad mood into a bag,

all negative emotions, pronouncing

at the same time their actions.)

Psychologist: And now let's think about what you need to do to improve your mood.

Psychologist talks with children about mood.

Together they decide how to improve

your mood:

make yourself laugh when you look in the mirror;

listen to pleasant music;

sing a funny song

tell a friend about your mood;

ask for help;

wash off a bad mood with water (shower, pool), etc.

Drawing on the theme “My mood”

Psychologist: Let's try to draw our mood.

(After drawing, the psychologist discusses with the children what they have drawn,

what colors were used).

Psychologist: Guys, what interesting things did you learn in the lesson? What did you like the most? Why?

(Children share their impressions.)

Psychologist: And now we need to rest. Lie comfortably on the carpet.

(Soothing music plays.

Quietly, my little bell, ring, ring.

Nobody, my little bell, don't wake up, don't wake up.

Loud, loud, my little bell, ring, ring.

Wake up all the boys and girls, wake up.

The children stood up, stretched and smiled at each other.

We merrily said goodbye, went to the group.

Publication date

Created on 03/14/2014

1. The child is invited to lie down and relax

At this time, it is pronounced slowly, in a quiet voice, with long pauses:
Everyone can dance
jump, run, draw,
But not everyone is able to
Relax, rest.

We have a game like this - Very easy, simple,
Movement slows down
Eliminates tension...
And it becomes clear
Relaxation is nice!

2. Exercise "Humpty Dumpty" (Chistyakova M.I.)

Target: relaxation of the muscles of the arms, back, chest, development of the ability to control their movements.
The host reads an excerpt from a poem by S. Ya. Marshak:
Humpty Dumpty Humpty Dumpty
Sat on the wall. Fell off in a dream.
All participants turn their torso to the right and left, while their arms dangle freely, like a rag doll. As soon as the children hear the words "fell down in a dream", they sharply tilt the body down.

3. Relaxation "Cams" (Klyueva N.V.)

Target
The children are sitting on the floor. Instructions: “Squeeze your fingers into a tight fist. Put your hands on your knees. Squeeze hard, hard, so that the bones turn white. Hands are tired. Relaxed hands. Listen and do like me. Calmly! Inhale - pause, exhale - pause! Repeat 3 times.
Hands on my knees
fists clenched,
Strong, tense
Fingers pressed (squeeze fingers).
We squeeze our fingers harder -
Let go, unclench (it is easy to raise and drop a relaxed brush)
Know, girls and boys,
Resting our fingers.

4. Relaxation "Deers" (Klyueva N.V.)

Target: mastering and fixing the posture of rest and relaxation of the muscles of the hands.
Instructions: “Imagine that you are deer. Raise your arms above your head, cross them with your fingers wide apart. Tighten your arms. They got hard! It is difficult and uncomfortable for us to hold our hands like that, drop them on our knees. Relax your hands. Calmly. Inhale - pause, exhale - pause.
Look: we are deer,
The wind is blowing towards us!
The wind died down
Straighten your shoulders
Hands on your knees again.
And now a little laziness ... Hands are not tense
And relaxed.
Know, girls and boys,
Rest your fingers!
Breathe easily, evenly, deeply.

5. Relaxation "Sounds of the surf" (Syroyezhko M.)

Target: learning to relax the muscles of the whole body.
Slow music is playing. The children lie on the carpet. Host: “Let's imagine that we are lying on warm sand, a pleasant light wind caresses our body, we close our eyes and have a little rest by the sea, the waves will sing their lullaby to us (children lie in silence for 20 seconds). The ray of the sun touched our legs, the right leg is relaxed and warm, the ray of the sun touched the left leg - the leg is relaxed and warm, it is pleasant to lie down, inhaling the clean sea air. Inhale - exhale, both legs are warm, it's nice. A ray of sun touched the stomach and chest - it becomes even warmer, we like this warmth, we breathe deeply, there is pleasant sea air around. A ray of sun touched the face, it all relaxed, the mouth slightly opened ... How well we rest, calmly, we enjoy this relaxation, we breathe evenly, deeply, the whole body is warm. It is light, like a cloud, we still want to listen to the song of the sea waves (children lie and listen for several seconds). But it's time to go, we slowly get up, stretch and go to rest ... "

6. "Rag doll and soldier" (Fopel K.)

Target: relaxation exercise.
Instructions: Please stand up and position yourself so that there is space around each of you. Fully straighten up and stretch out like a soldier. Freeze in this position, as if you are stiff, and do not move, something like this ... Now lean forward and spread your arms so that they dangle like rags. Become as soft and agile as a rag doll. Bend your knees slightly and feel how your bones become soft and your joints very mobile ... Now again show the soldier, stretched out to the line and absolutely straight and rigid, as if carved from wood. (10 seconds) Now become a rag doll again, soft, relaxed and agile. Become a soldier again... (10 seconds) Now again a rag doll... Repeat several times.
Now shake your hands as if you want to shake water droplets off them. Shake the drops of water from your back... Now shake the water from your hair... Now from the top of your legs and feet...

7. Relaxation "Rod" (Klyueva N.V.)

Target: relaxation of the muscles of the arms, legs, body.
The children are standing. Instructions: “Imagine you are lifting a heavy barbell. Bend over, take it. Clench your fists. Raise your hands slowly. They are tense! Hard! Hands are tired, we throw the barbell (hands drop sharply down and freely fall along the body). They are relaxed and resting. Easy to breathe. Inhale - pause, exhale - pause.
We're getting ready for the record
We will play sports (lean forward).
Raise the bar from the floor (straighten your arms up).
Holding on tight...
And we throw! Our muscles are not tired
And they became even more obedient.
It becomes clear to us:
Relaxation is nice.

During the exercise, you can touch the muscles of the child's forearm and check how they tightened.

8. Exercise "Tree" (Syroyezhko M.)

Target: relaxation, mood for work.
The children are standing. The host invites them to imagine themselves in the image of a mighty oak tree: “Stretch your arms forward, clench your fingers into a fist, straining your hands, arms, shoulders. Relax your hands one at a time, then your arms and shoulders. Slowly spread your arms with tension to the sides, spread your fingers, relax your hands, shoulders and arms. Drop your hands freely, swing your arms like a pendulum, gradually increasing or decreasing the width of the swing, as if oak branches are swinging in the wind.

Teacher-psychologist MBDOU No. 1
Marycheva D.Yu.

Stressful situations that arise at work and in the family often lead a person to a bad mood and overstrain. This condition often results in depression. In order to avoid such a situation, psychologists advise learning to relax. It is recommended to use various means of meditation and relaxation. With adults, everything is clear. And what to do if a small child is overexcited and overstressed, who finds it difficult to calm down after active communication and games?

One of the problems of childhood

The nervous system of a child is very far from perfect. This is especially true for children under three years of age. It is difficult for children of this age to exercise control over the processes of inhibition and excitation. nervous system. This can explain restless infant sleep, as well as problems with calming down after active games. First of all, this applies to easily excitable children.

Maintaining the correct daily routine

There are various ways to calm an excitable child. One of them is the organization of the mode of wakefulness and sleep. Active children can sometimes be difficult to get to bed on a set schedule. In such a situation, it is important to create conditions for a certain daily rhythm for the baby. It is important to carry out all meals, as well as walks, at the same hours. In addition, during the period that precedes the rest, there should not be active activities. Only then will the child get used to a certain regimen.

Physical education and massage

Everyone knows about the benefits of these two components. However, to apply massage and physical education in everyday life are often lazy or simply forgotten. Sport is especially important in raising an active child. Thanks to physical culture, the baby develops intellectually. Sport educates a person in him. For small children, alternation of physical and intellectual exercises or their harmonious combination is very useful.

Relaxing massage is also important for the child. Knowing the technique of such manipulations, with the impact on certain points, you can control the emotional state of the baby in a certain way. Especially miraculous power has a massage of the stacks. They should be kneaded with little effort and “draw” eights on them. The main thing is to find the moment when the child will lie, and not try to run away in search of some activity.

aromatherapy

Smells are very powerful. Some of them are able to inspire, others, on the contrary, upset. Aromas affect the sense of smell of a child in the same way as on the body of an adult. However, not all soothing substances are suitable for a little man. In children's practice, chamomile, sage and roses are also used. However, caution is required when using them. So, you should not apply undiluted oils directly to the skin of a child, especially if he is not yet three years old. The most harmless way to use such products are aroma lamps.

Relaxation

The workload of modern preschoolers is sometimes amazing. They attend kindergarten, various clubs and sports sections. Receiving a large amount of information, children get tired both physically and emotionally. At the same time, they need to be in time everywhere. The loads that a child's body experiences negatively affect his health. That is why exercises for this are used in working with preschoolers?

Relaxation came to us from abroad. In the 30s and 40s of the last century, technology muscle relaxation developed and applied by a psychologist from America E. Jacobson, as well as a neurologist from Germany I. Schulz. This technique is based on the fact that science has long proven that there is a certain relationship between our body and mind. It is known that in a stressful state, a person's muscle tone increases. At the same time, there is Feedback. Removal of mental stress is possible with a decrease in muscle tone. This is relaxation. It is both involuntary and voluntary. The second type of relaxation is possible when performing certain exercises.

The meaning of relaxation

What is relaxation for children? This is the most The best way relieving tension (nervous, physical and mental), as well as relaxation, which allows you to eliminate the irritation factor.

Very useful relaxation for children. After performing special exercises, the child becomes calm and balanced. He becomes more aware of his feelings. play a big role for children. Toddlers begin to control their own actions and emotions, and also master their feelings. Relaxation allows the little man to concentrate and relieve excitement.

Muscle relaxation exercises are carried out by psychologists working with children. Such classes are part of a wellness course. But at the same time, simple game relaxation for children can be used by educators or parents. Relaxation in this case is caused by special playing techniques, each of which, as a rule, has a figurative name (this can captivate children). Kids perform relaxation exercises, not only copying the movements of the teacher. Children are reincarnated and enter the image given to them. New games are able to interest the child, which allows him to relax well. The effect of the lesson is noticeable immediately by the calm expression of the face, rhythmic and even breathing etc.

Relaxation for preschool children is extremely important. Daily Exercise, included in the daily routine, allow you to achieve a more calm and balanced state. Increased irritability and anger, excessive anxiety and fears, as well as tension are eliminated in children.

The principle of muscle relaxation

What is E. Jacobson's method based on? The principle of this relaxation is quite simple. It is based on the ability of muscles to relax after strong tension. Such relaxation for preschool children is available in the simplest form of play. Exercises involve alternating tension various groups muscles. At the same time, relaxation of the whole body is very effectively achieved, which has a beneficial effect on the body.

Many sets of exercises have been developed with the help of which relaxation is carried out. You can relax the muscles of the face and shoulder girdle, body and neck. As a rule, they take one or two exercises from a certain block. It takes five to seven minutes to complete the entire complex.

Relaxation exercises

In order to emotionally defuse the child, offer him various games. Below you can find a description of some of them.

We got together for a walk. Hurry, don't fall behind!

Everyone ran a little, our legs got tired.

We'll sit for a while, but then we'll see.

The texts used for relaxation should help the baby create the necessary image, which will allow him to relax most effectively.

Application of special equipment

From a very early age, every child is familiar with the ball. This item serves him for games and entertainment. Currently, manufacturers offer a fairly wide selection of balls, various in quality, size and color. Relatively recently, a new offer appeared on the consumer market - a fitball, the diameter of which can be from 45 to 70 centimeters. With its help, relaxation is carried out for preschool children. With a fitball, kids begin to practice from the age of four or five. In this case, programs that produce a healing effect can be used. The main purpose of the exercises performed is:

• strengthening the musculoskeletal system;
• improvement of the motor function of the joints;
• creation of a strong muscular corset.

All this, in turn, allows you to develop the emotional-volitional and intellectual sphere of the child. In the applied set of exercises, there may be those that contribute to relaxation and relaxation. For example, a child sits on the side of the ball, hugs it with his left or right hand and puts his head on it. This position should be fixed for ten to fifteen seconds.

Relaxation for preschool children can also be performed with the help of alternating muscle tension and relaxation. The child should sit on the floor, pressing as much as possible, as well as clasping the ball with his arms and legs. This position must be maintained for eight to ten seconds. Then the child should relax.

Relaxation and music

Currently, the number of children with various forms of psycho-emotional disorders has significantly increased. The reason for this is the limitation of the social circle of preschoolers and their concentration on computers and televisions. Music is an invaluable help in raising a child and improving his mental health. Even ancient healers noted its ability to heal a person from various ailments. For example, the sounds of the violin cheer up, the flute can help with coughing, and the melodies of the viola eliminate neuroses.

Music has a truly fantastic ability to regulate the psycho-emotional state of the child. It helps to overcome feelings of discomfort, expressed by fear, insecurity, confusion and fear. The music of nature also contributes to this. Relaxation is achieved by listening to the rustle of leaves and the singing of birds, the sound of rain and the murmur of a stream. These sounds relieve the baby from worries and fears. They give him confidence and good mood. Experts recommend combining calm melodies and sounds of nature. Relaxation is the most effective.

Relax before bed

Little children love to listen to fairy tales. Parents often read them before bed. However, this does not always help to quickly put the child to bed. The kid begins to make assumptions and ask a lot of questions. In order to prevent this from happening, special relaxing tales are needed. Relaxation for preschool children before going to bed is carried out with them. These stories don't make any sense. Their plot is quite simple and very understandable for a child. A fairy-tale character in such stories should always want to sleep and fall asleep soundly at the end. The voice of the narrator is monotonous and smooth. It soothes and relaxes the baby. He disconnects from the environment and falls asleep.

Coming up with a relaxation fairy tale is not at all difficult. You just need to follow some rules:

• the child should know the main character of the fairy tale well and love him;
• the text of the story is composed using simple sentences;
• repetition of words is important, contributing to peace and relaxation;
• at the end of the tale, the main character must fall asleep;
• The speaker's voice must be quiet.

If the same relaxation tale is told many times, then the child will develop a conditioned reflex that allows him to quickly and calmly fall asleep. Much more effective relaxation will come to a soothing melody, as well as to the sounds of nature.