Kickboxing is a martial art that originated in the 1960s. This sport is divided into American kickboxing, Japanese kickboxing and solo compositions. If we consider the broad meaning of the concept of this sport, then under it we can understand various kinds of shock martial arts, the rules of which include kicks and punches using boxing gloves in sportswear.
How did it originate this species sports? Let's start with American kickboxing. It is logical that the birthplace of this branch is the United States. Back in the 1960s, a wave of popularity passed through many countries martial arts. It was then that full-contact fights began to be practiced, in which, unlike the then very popular taekwondo and karate-shotokan, it was allowed to strike with any force. Also, after the implementation of any technical action, the referee did not stop the fight. Hits to the head were allowed, both with hands and feet, so I had to borrow some equipment from boxing. Initially, this sport was called “full-contact karate”, and the term “karate” meant any kind of martial arts - karate itself, wushu or taekwondo. Soon, the name was abandoned and the battles received a modern name. In 1974, the first organization dedicated to the promotion of professional kickboxing- we are talking about the PKA (Professional Karate Association). The same year is considered the official date of birth of professional kickboxing. Later, American kickboxing entered Europe and the whole world. In 1976, an amateur organization called WAKO (World Association of Kickboxing Organizations) was founded in Europe.
The “Japanese” branch of kickboxing was formed at a time when Thai boxing entered Japan, which, despite the popularity of Kyokushin karate, occupied a very large niche. In fact, Japanese kickboxing is a remake of Muay Thai. Two significant differences were: a ban on elbow strikes and a different scoring system. Back in the 1970s, 3 organizations were involved in the development of Japanese kickboxing: AJKBA, WKBA and the Kakutogi League. After a huge number of Japanese kickboxers were caught in criminal gangs in 1981, most of all Japanese organizations fell into decay, and the development of this sport was continued by the American organization WKA. In 1993, K-1 appears, which turns this sport into one of the most developed professional martial arts in the world.
Kickboxing includes a number of sections that have some differences between them.
Light contact. This section prohibits strong accented strikes, thanks to which the pace of the battle is greatly increased. Victory is awarded to the participant in the battle who showed the best technique and inflicted the largest number kicks and punches.
Semi-contact. This section prohibits strong blows. The fight has a kind of intermittent character - after the athlete has delivered a clean blow, the referee stops the fight and points are awarded.
Full contact. Full contact - blows are applied with any force. As in boxing, knockdowns and knockouts are counted.
Full contact with low kick. This section allows strikes on the inside and outside of the thigh.
Also, there are sections such as solo compositions, oriental, tie-kick, light with low and others.
I would like to end with some clarification. Kickboxing is:
A duel between two athletes is a fair sports fight in which fists and legs can be used, subject to strict rules;
A true sport with the use of high technology with elements of thoughtful tactics, excellent organization conditions, as well as high-willed and moral qualities of all participants;
Modern look sport, which has arisen and is developing thanks to the achievements of sports science.
Kickboxing is not:
Wild disorderly fight;
A duel of gladiators, which was arranged at the behest of bloodthirsty spectators, without any observance of both sports and moral requirements;
One of some oriental religions or oriental martial arts based on philosophy. Kickboxing does not even try to borrow from martial arts neither the goal, nor the technique, nor the philosophical and religious ideas and values.
KICKBOXING
KICKBOXING -A; m.[English] kick-box] A sport that combines boxing techniques and rules with martial arts techniques (kicks, sweeps, throws). Kickboxing Federation. Protective equipment for kickboxing.
KICKBOXINGKIKBOKSING (English kickboxing, from kick - kick, kick and boxing - boxing), view combat sports, combining boxing and kicks, borrowed from martial arts (karate (cm. KARATE), kungfu, etc.). Strikes are allowed only at the upper and middle levels (head and torso to the waist), sweeps - from the inside and outside feet at foot level (special shoes). Thanks to protective equipment(feet, gloves, helmet, etc.) there is practically no injury in kickboxing.
Born in the mid 1970s. (almost simultaneously in the US and Western Europe). At the origins were masters such as Chuck Norris (cm. NORRIS Chuck), Bill Wallace, Domenik Valera and others. Kickboxing began with the penetration of martial arts into the USA and Europe. The new discipline that arose on their basis took over from boxing (cm. BOX (in sports)) work with gloves and bans on blows to vital organs. To protect the new sport from a full return to English boxing, rules were introduced requiring the indispensable use of legs in combat: to carry out at least eight kicks within one three-minute round.
Types of kickboxing
Semi-contact (limited contact) is characterized by light contact with stops after each accurate hit for scoring (hard hits are prohibited). For a kick to the head in a jump that has reached the goal, the athlete receives 3 points, for clean punches - 1 point.
Light contact is characterized by a ban on strong, accented punches and kicks. Fights are held in light contact without stopping time for scoring, at a fast pace. All hits that hit the target count.
Full contact (full contact) is characterized by powerful serial kicks and hands with a high density of combat (the fight is held without stopping time). A hit that hits the target is worth 1 point. The athlete must deliver at least six accented kicks in each round. Here, as in boxing, knockdowns and knockouts are counted. Characteristic for full-contact the possibility of obtaining hard hit, increased requirements for physical training more in line with professional kickboxing.
Freestyle (full contact + low kick) is a full contact technique that includes side kicks to the hips. The number of kicks in a round is not regulated. The evaluation of hits that hit the target is the same as in full contact. Competitions in this discipline are held only among professionals.
Solo compositions (musical forms) demonstrate the most spectacular elements of martial arts technique to a musical soundtrack in the form of an imitation of a fight with an imaginary opponent. Compositions are performed in a "hard" style, in a "soft style" and with objects ("shadow boxing", sword, knife, stick, sickle, mace, etc.). The duration of the speech is from 30 seconds to one minute.
encyclopedic Dictionary. 2009 .
Synonyms:See what "KICKBOXING" is in other dictionaries:
Kickboxing… Spelling Dictionary
- [English] kickboxing Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
Kickboxing, ah, husband. A type of sport is boxing, in which kicks are allowed. Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 ... Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov
Exist., number of synonyms: 4 boxing (16) kick (6) kick boxing (4) ... Synonym dictionary
"Kickboxer" redirects here; for the film with Jean Claude Van Damme, see Kickboxer (film). To improve this article, is it desirable?: Find and format in the form of footnotes ... Wikipedia
kickboxing- Kickboxing, a, m A sport that is one of the martial arts of boxing, in which kicks, sweeps, and throws are allowed. Kickboxing, like Russian fisticuffs, is very popular species sport in Europe... Explanatory dictionary of Russian nouns
kickboxing- kikboksas statusas T sritis Kūno kultūra ir sportas apibrėžtis Dviejų sportininkų kova bokso pirštinėmis – smūgiuojama ne tik rankomis, bet ir kojomis. kilme engl. kick-spyris + boksas atitikmenys: angl. kickboxing vok. Kickboxen, n rus.… … Sporto terminų žodynas
M.; \u003d kick boxing Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova. T. F. Efremova. 2000... Modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language Efremova
kickboxing- kickb oxing, uh... Russian spelling dictionary
kickboxing- (2 m) ... Spelling Dictionary of the Russian Language
Books
- Boxing and kickboxing. Education and training, V. I. Filimonov, S. Sh. Ibraev. The textbook discusses the scientific and methodological foundations of training, education, sports, technical and physical improvement in boxing and kickboxing. Biodynamics of shock movements…
- Tai-bo is the new name for the ideal figure. Fitness and health program. Fashionable combat fitness for women, N. Korchever. Widespread in the late 1990s, the tai-bo system is a synthesis of aerobics and martial arts. And its creator is the recognized martial artist Billy Blanks, the legendary boxer, ...
Kickboxing - what is it? This sport has absorbed many elements of the classical English school of boxing and traditional karate, becoming a kind of "alloy" of these types of martial arts. A little later, some elements of technology from Thai boxing as well as taekwondo. Describing kickboxing in general terms, they say that these are the most diverse shock martial arts, the rules of which do not prohibit kicks and punches when using boxing gloves. It is necessary to consider this type of martial arts in more detail in order to answer the question: "Kickboxing - what is it?"
The formation of a sporting event
The date of birth of this species martial art consider the beginning of the 70s of the twentieth century. It was at this time that the first section of kickboxing appeared. Places of origin - Western Europe and the USA, where kickboxing appeared almost at the same time. martial art perfectly combines the traditions and experience that have been built up in the West and in the East for many centuries.
The "father" of kickboxing is considered to be Chuck Norris, who came up with the name of this type of martial arts.
By the beginning of the 70s, America had a sufficient number of schools where a wide variety of styles of martial arts were taught, such as wushu, taekwondo, karate, etc. However, each type of martial art obeyed its own rules, which means that a representative of one type could not compete in skills with a representative of another type of martial arts. Then the idea came up to organize competitions in which both wushu fans and admirers of karate, taekwondo and other martial arts common at that time could compete against each other.
Initially, such events were called All Style Karate or Full Contact Karate. The first such kickboxing competition was held in September 1974. Participants fought in four weight categories, and the winners were a resident of Mexico and three Americans. Since that date, kickboxing competitions have become regular. At first, they were held only in the United States, and then migrated to other countries. Athletes who became role models started with the most different types martial arts (Korean martial arts, wushu, karate, etc.).
European kickboxing
In Europe, the first kickboxing section arose with the filing of Dominic Valera. As a result of his disagreements with WUKO management, Dominik decided to abandon sports career on the mat and try to build it in the ring. By the end of the 70s, he became the founder of the National Full Contact Committee, which eventually grew into the National Federation american boxing. By the beginning of the 1980s, France had discontinued professional fights By French boxing, and many athletes seeking best place for their training, they chose kickboxing for themselves.
How is this sporting event in Japan?
In the East, namely in Japan, the greatest interest in kickboxing was noted in the mid-70s. At that time, the country had about 6 thousand athletes of this type of martial arts. In the process of active development of kickboxing, 3 organizations arose, which became the main ones - this is the All Japan Kickboxing Association, World Association kickboxing, as well as the Kurosaki League, led by Kenji Kurosaki.
Japanese kickboxing had its own rules: for example, the round lasted not 3 minutes, but 2. For some time, the Americans and the Japanese acted together, concluding an agreement that talked about popularizing kickboxing and holding international competitions. It is clear that the rules of one type of martial arts could not be different, so Japan had to make concessions. This was partly due to a decrease in interest in kickboxing among the audience. In the early 80s, after a huge scandal involving Japanese athletes, mass interest in kickboxing began to disappear, and Japanese organizations completely disappeared into the American one. Only the All Japan Association remained intact, where a completely new phenomenon of sports was created in the early 90s - “ mixed martial arts» under the code name K-1.
Objectives of the sporting event
The immediate plans of all countries that promote kickboxing (including Russia) are: spreading this martial art among the population and, most importantly, joining the IOC, which means getting kickboxing status olympic style sports.
Can't do it without equipment
To start kickboxing, you should buy yourself equipment, because this sport has clear rules. One of the points of which says that the athlete must have protection. Before an athlete takes part in a fight, the referee must check the presence and suitability of the protective equipment on him. What should an athlete wear?
What to buy
The first step is to buy a helmet specifically designed for kickboxing. It differs from it by greater protection of the top, since in kickboxing there are a large number of elements such as high kicks. In addition to the helmet, there must be a kappa, that is, an insert protecting the teeth. On the hands of the athlete must be wearing boxing gloves corresponding to the section in which the athlete fights (he can also be called a faiter). In addition to boxing gloves, the athlete's hands must be protected in the form of bandages of a certain measured length.
Male feiters must have a "bandage" - girls are advised to have a protective cuirass. In some sections of kickboxing, it is said that the athlete must wear pads. Feet with a closed heel are put on bare feet.
Athlete may be disqualified
If the referee finds that the athlete is unprepared for any criterion, he is given time, not more than one round, in order to bring himself into proper form. If a fighter is not ready even after this time, then he will simply be disqualified. Such stringent requirements are due to the fact that the risk of injury in kickboxing is extremely high. And in order to minimize it, while leaving the spectacle of the sport, such measures have been developed over the decades to protect the health of the athlete. This should be understood when answering the question: "Kickboxing - what is it?"
Main types of sports event
Kickboxing competitions are held in 6 main sections. They include sections with full, limited and light contact, tie-kickboxing (or oriental) and solo compositions - a rather interesting variety of this type of martial arts, in which the fight takes place to the music, often with the involvement of additional items.
Can be divided into several types of kickboxing. What does it mean? In other words, there are Japanese, American and European martial arts. The last two rules are the same.
It is difficult to list all the styles and directions of modern kickboxing. Let's name the main varieties that have certain differences in the rules: American kickboxing, European kickboxing and Japanese kickboxing (K-1). It is the latter that is considered the most popular today. K-1 is originally from Japan, where it appeared in 1993, turning traditional Japanese kickboxing into one of the most developed professional martial arts in the world. K-1 is an "explosive mixture" of karate and sanda, muay thai and kickboxing, taekwondo and traditional boxing, as well as other martial arts. The fights are organized by the Fighting and Entertainment Group. The regional qualifiers culminate in the selection of the best, and the best are determined by the annual K-1 World Grand Prix tournament. If Europe has long fallen in love with this sport, in the USA K-1 fights are held only in Honolulu or Las Vegas, while in most states they are banned.
What attracts K-1? Those who saw the fights could not accurately determine whether it was a sport or a spectacle. Japanese kickboxing has enough rules not to be violent. Fights last three rounds of three minutes. If the fight does not determine the winner, a decisive round is assigned. The tournament ends in a draw if both fighters synchronously fall to the canvas and can no longer get up. K-1 has rule of three knockdowns, which means victory by technical knockout. The audience is fascinated by what is happening, they see how much effort kickboxers spend in fights under the auspices of K-1. Draws are rare here, as a rule, one of the fighters is knocked out.
Inventory, equipment
Looking at kickboxers entering the ring, you can immediately determine whether they are professionals or amateurs. The former, as a rule, have a bare torso and a minimum of equipment - shorts, gloves, protectors on the feet, inguinal shells and mouthguards. For amateur kickboxers, T-shirts, helmets and shin guards are added to the listed protective equipment. Girls use special chest protectors. Protective equipment is mandatory for amateur kickboxing. Sometimes, if a mutual agreement is reached, professionals also use leg protection.
Technique
Schematically, the kickboxing technique can be divided into several concepts: racks, movements, strikes, sweeps and defenses. Naturally, in the process of preparing an athlete, attention is paid to each of them, since they are interconnected and cannot exist separately. Technique - a system of rules, where the violation of one entails the failure of the next. For example, lack of speed blocks the ability to strike freely and effectively, which means that the opponent can easily seize the initiative in a duel and end it in his favor.
What is kickboxing? Some experts consider it the most spectacular view sports. They explain this by the fact that in this martial art there is a symbiosis of blows (kick) and boxing (boxing). Hence the name. Rules and techniques are taken from boxing, and throws, sweeps and kicks are from martial arts. In this article, we will talk in detail about what kickboxing is.
Story
This martial art appeared in 1960-70 of the last century. The birthplace of kickboxing is the United States, since the first competitions for diverse fighters "All Styles of Karate" and "Full Contact Karate" took place there. They say that the name of martial arts was invented by Chuck Norris - a multiple world champion in kickboxing. At the same time, the competition rules were adopted. At first they were held in America, and then they began to be held in other countries. There were a lot of fans at the tournaments and prize funds increased regularly.
The popularity of kickboxing was largely promoted by champions and Hollywood actors in one guise - Chuck Norris, Benny Urquidez and Don Wilson. The new kind martial arts gained fame also because it absorbed the best of karate, taekwondo, wushu, English and Thai boxing. And kickboxing received audience sympathy for full-contact fights: it was not forbidden to hit either in the head or in the body. On the contrary, it was allowed to do it with full force with both feet and hands. In 1974, the first professional kickboxing federation (RKA) was founded. This year can be considered the official date of the appearance of martial arts. And after just a couple of years, its own kickboxing federation (WAKO) appeared in Europe, where this sport quickly took root. Now it is already the oldest organization for amateur fighters, uniting 89 countries under its auspices.
Basic Rules
In terms of rules, kickboxing has evolved significantly over the years of its existence. At first, this was the minimum: throws, trips, grabs, sweeps, as well as any blows, both with hands and feet, were allowed in the ring. Later, the “8 hits” rule was introduced, when during the round the kickboxer had to deliver at least eight kicks. This would make the fights spectacular. Now the rules have changed in the direction of "6 strokes". Also, fighters cannot carry out throws, grabs and strike with the elbow and knee.
IN this moment kickboxing competitions are held taking into account weight categories that simply did not exist before. And every two years, amateur fighters take part in world championships and continental championships, where the Olympic selection system is used. But for professionals, it's different. Their main thing is to prove that you are the best. For this, in each weight class rating battles are held. Whoever wins the most fights and gets the highest score wins the right to challenge the reigning kickboxing champion. The fight takes place in the ring. For amateurs, the winner is determined in 3 two-minute rounds, and for professionals - in 6-8 two-minute rounds. As a rule, the length of the duel for the title of champion is 12 rounds.
Schools, directions, styles
It is difficult to list all the directions and styles of modern kickboxing. We will name its main varieties that have significant differences in the rules: these are European, American and Japanese (K-1). Just the last option is the most popular today. K-1 appeared in Japan in 1993, turning traditional kickboxing in that country into one of the most developed martial arts in the world. K-1 is an explosive mixture of taekwondo, sanda, karate and other martial arts.
Kickboxing competitions are organized by the Japanese company FEG (Fighting and Entertainment Group). First, the best fighters are selected based on the results of regional competitions. Well, the winner is determined at the annual K-1 World Grand Prix tournament. And if in Europe this type of martial arts has long been loved, then in the USA K-1 fights are held exclusively in Las Vegas or Honolulu. They are banned in most states.
The specifics of Japanese kickboxing
What attracts fans of K-1? Fans of Japanese kickboxing cannot decide for sure whether this is a spectacle or a sport. K-1 cannot be called cruel due to the sufficient number of rules introduced. The fight goes on for 3 three-minute rounds. If during this time the winner is not determined, a decisive round will be appointed. If both athletes synchronously fell to the canvas and cannot get up, a draw is declared. In K-1, the three-knockdown rule applies. In this case, the victory goes to technical knockout. The audience is fascinated by what is happening in the ring, because they see how much effort the kickboxers put in fights under the auspices of K-1. Draws are quite rare. Most often, one of the athletes is knocked out.
Equipment
After watching the world kickboxing championship, you can instantly determine whether it is professional or amateur. In the first case, athletes perform with a bare torso and a minimum of equipment: mouthguards, inguinal shells, protectors on the feet, gloves and shorts. In the amateur kickboxing championship, shin guards, helmets and jerseys are added to the listed types of protection. For girls, chest protectors are provided. In amateur fights, protective equipment is mandatory. Sometimes, upon reaching a mutual agreement, leg protectors are also used in professional fights.
Technique
It is difficult to understand what kickboxing is until you get acquainted with the technique of this martial art. It includes several sections: defenses, sweeps, strikes, movements and racks. In the process of preparing a fighter, each of them is given enough attention. They cannot exist separately, as they are closely interconnected. Technique is a strict system of rules, and failure to follow one will immediately result in the failure of the other. For example, a lack of speed prevents a kickboxer from throwing punches effectively and freely. Noticing this gap in technique, his opponent will easily seize the initiative and end the fight in his favor.
Advantages
Compared to other martial arts, kickboxing uses different loads. And not only those that are aimed at development muscle mass. Let's take a closer look at what kickboxing is in terms of its benefits. So, this sport develops:
- Musculature. Training can take place both in pairs and without. In this case, both mobile and stationary equipment are used: moving targets, shields, makiwaras, pillows, and so on. All this forms beautiful muscles. No wonder kickboxers have such an athletic figure.
- Endurance. Push-ups, lunges, squats, kicking and punching - that's far from full list exercises that athletes perform in training. All of them are great for developing stamina.
- coordination. It is developed by classes with a speed bag. There are two modes of exercise: anaerobic and aerobic. Regardless of the type of kickboxing, they are used simultaneously. For example, running is aerobic exercise, and jumping rope are classified as anaerobic activities. The predominance of one or another mode will depend on the personal goals of the athlete.
- Flexibility. Exercises for this quality are mandatory in kickboxing. They make hitting better and more accurate.
- Motility. It is developed by active movements around the ring. The fighter is constantly on the move.
Thus, kickboxing training develops qualities that may well be useful in everyday life. In addition, it is an excellent prevention of stress resistance.
WITH in English the word "kickboxing" is translated as "fight with kicks."
Women's kickboxing started in 1985.
In 1989, the picture "Kickboxer" with Michel Kessy and Jean-Claude Van Damme was released. Mark Dacascos starred in the fifth part of this film.
At one time, Alexander Povetkin and Vitali Klitschko performed in kickboxing.
In the second half of the 20th century, cinematography actively developed in America. Particularly popular at that time were action films, the star of which was Bruce Lee. In this regard, many kickboxers who completed their careers moved on to actors, stuntmen and stunt coordinators. They regularly demonstrated the techniques of their style on the screens.
