What can you say about the bow. All about onions: benefits and harms, what substances it contains, what to cook

Onions, perhaps, can be attributed to the most versatile vegetable in any kitchen. It is always at hand, is very common in recipes and can be easily grown by yourself. I will tell you about the beneficial and medicinal properties of this vegetable, as well as the possible harmful effects on our body.

Let's start with what vitamins and nutrients are found in onions. The composition of this popular vegetable includes: fructose, sucrose, maltose, B vitamins, minerals sodium, calcium, iron, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, vitamin C, malic acid, citric acid, essential oil, pectins.

Medicinal properties of onion

Surely, everyone cried in the process of peeling or slicing onions. This is due to phytoncides - volatile substances with medicinal properties. The healing effect of this vegetable on our body is expressed in the following properties:

• able to remove germs and bacteria;
• has an antiseptic property;
• fights viruses;
• useful in disorders of the intestines and stomach, with atherosclerosis;
• promotes sexual activity;
• serves a good remedy against worms and scurvy;
• drinking onion juice helps with insomnia;
• alcohol tinctures are used as a diuretic;
• good wound healing agent;
• an agent for the prevention of prostate cancer;
• removes headache;
• onion gruel prevents the formation of blisters at the site of the burn;
• lightly rubbing the gum with an onion, you can get rid of a toothache;
• fried onions in butter or boiled in milk soften coughs and serve as an expectorant.

I’ll tell you how onions are useful and harmful, in addition to their medicinal properties.

The benefits and harms of onions

Except therapeutic effect, which this vegetable possesses, there are also others beneficial features:

• improvement of appetite;
• increases the secretion of digestive juices;
• accelerates menstruation;
• improves digestion;
• remedy for itching from mosquito bites;
• onion juice relieves pain from snake, wasp or bee stings;
• serves as a good remedy for hair loss;
• helps with the removal of corns and warts;
• has rejuvenating properties;
• improves blood clotting;
• strengthens the skeletal system;
• cancer prevention;
• rubbing the face with a slice of onion, you can get rid of age spots.

However, it is always worth considering contraindications for the use of a particular product. For example, onion will do more harm than good in the following cases:

• onion tincture is detrimental to people with heart and liver diseases;
• onions increase blood pressure;
• can trigger an asthma attack;
• increases acidity, which causes irritating effects on the digestive organs.

What to cook with onions

The whole onion is used: both the leaves and the bulb itself. It is added as a flavoring ingredient to soup, various sauces and gravies, minced meat, meat and vegetable dishes, salads, mushroom dishes, as well as, during preservation, to sausage products.

I often cook meals with onions(red, white or regular). In order to find these recipes on the site, you can follow the link.

Onions are usually fried until golden brown or eaten raw.

fry onion

Pre-fried onions can be served with scrambled eggs, porridge (unsweetened), potatoes, meat dishes or pasta. I wonder what the onions are fried in different countries differently. Russians traditionally cut onions into rings and roll in flour, which gives a beautiful crust that crunches loudly. In France, it is customary to additionally dip chopped onion into milk to give it special tenderness. And in China, the golden crust is not in demand, they cut the onion, put it in a frying pan, greased with oil, alternately salt, pepper, add a little honey and apple cider vinegar (it can be replaced with lemon juice), stir for several minutes over low heat. For a special flavor, basil is sometimes added.

Stew and bake onion

Here are a couple of recipes where stewed onions are not flavor additive, and the basis of the dish. 1) Cut the onion into half rings, add the same amount of plums, cut in half (pitted), salt, a little sugar, pepper and water. Close the lid tightly and simmer for a few minutes. 2) We put the lightly fried onion in a baking dish at the very bottom, brushing it with oil and sprinkled with breadcrumbs. Mix sour cream and eggs, pour everything into a mold. Top evenly with grated cheese and bake for a few minutes.

Stuffing the onion

You will not surprise anyone with stuffed poultry, fish, zucchini. What about onions? We stuff the onion with mushrooms like this: cook whole onions for 3-5 minutes, carefully remove the core, leaving only the outer wall intact. And then a flight of fancy: you can stuff mushrooms with cream, chicken fillet with olives and cheese, etc.

Marinating onions

We leave the onion in vinegar, salt, pepper and stand. Such a side dish will come in handy as a side dish for meat dishes. Pickled onions are also used in salads, for example, in.

onion dessert

It's about the soufflé. We take 2 bulbs large sizes, grind and sauté in a spoon butter and with a small amount of water for 10 minutes over low heat. At the same time, half a glass of cream, a spoonful of butter, 2 tablespoons of flour are mixed and boiled for about 5 minutes, stirring constantly. Add 2 yolks to this sauce, beat well beforehand, mix and allow to cool. Then salt and pepper the resulting mixture a little, add whipped protein, pour it into a mold and bake for about half an hour.

Onion jam

However, this jam is served only with poultry dishes and vegetable side dishes. 7 or 8 onions cut into half rings, lightly fried. Add 2.5 cups of sugar (brown is best). Bring the mass to a boil and stir for 45 minutes over low heat. Finally, add 1/4 cup of white wine vinegar 15 minutes before the time is up.

It is worth noting that onions are still more useful raw than after processing. But if you diversify the cooking methods, then the first place in preserving the benefits, taste and aroma remains with baking.

Gorky's play "At the Bottom" at the beginning of the 20th century made a huge impression on the public. Without embellishment, the world of people who had sunk to the last degree of misery to the very “bottom” of life, to the world of cheaters, prostitutes and murderers of thieves of various stripes, was exposed. Maxim Gorky imbued the play "At the Bottom" with a protest against the social foundations of capitalist society and a call for a calm, equal and just life.

Getting to the topic “Luka: Characteristics” (“At the Bottom”), it should be noted that people living in the cheapest rooming house, reminiscent of a dark and dirty basement, became ugly victims of the cruel and unfair orders of society, when a person thrown out of normal life, begins to live in the laws of the wolf and turns into a disenfranchised and miserable creature.

Luke: characteristic

"At the bottom" is a play that brought together several different characters. One of the inhabitants of the rooming house is the old man Luka, who became the most controversial and controversial hero of the play. It is with him that the main philosophical question of this work is connected: “What is better - compassion and“ a lofty and comforting lie ”or truth?”. Is it necessary to be so imbued with compassion in order to later use lies as a saving tool?

"People" and "People"

Delving into the topic “Luka: Characteristics” (“At the Bottom”), it can be noted that it is this hero who becomes the only person who truly sympathizes with the inhabitants of the rooming house. He also notes that there are "people" and there are "people". "People" by nature are very weak and weak-willed, they constantly need the support and strength of another, and faith and hope can serve as a powerful incentive for them. "People" - on the contrary, strong-willed people. These are the ones who don't need pity, compassion, or soothing lies. This is exactly what Hero Satin is, who believes that a person, first of all, must be respected, and pity only humiliates him, although Satin himself is a big cheater who lives with lies and deceit.

The play "At the bottom". Luke

Luka tells Tick's dying wife Anna that she should not be afraid of death, and that she will soon be well in Heaven with God. He gives the actor hope for a city where alcoholics are treated for free, however, he forgot the name of the city, but he promised to remember.

In the play "At the Bottom" Luka is affectionate, kind and merciful to everyone. He doesn’t say much about himself, he only jokes that he was “crumpled a lot, that’s why he is soft.” He does not have bad and good people, in everyone he finds something good and bright, and he consoles and instructs everyone. He tells the prostitute Nastya that if you believe that you had true love, then it was.

Luka in the play "At the Bottom" advises the thief Ash and Natasha to leave for Siberia for a free life, where it will be much easier for them to start all over again.

The unfortunate inhabitants of the rooming house had no choice but to believe his words, which, although they sounded implausible, gave faith, like rays of the sun in pitch darkness.

White lie or bitter, but really?

Luke in the play "At the Bottom" with his philosophy in some way calls for Christian humility, patience and sensitivity to others. He says to one of the characters: “What is true to you?”. After all, it can be like a blow to the head for you.

The good that this hero carries in himself awakens in a person of a rooming house, even a doomed one, a desire to live and be better. But when the old man disappears, the whole life of many people of this damned place will collapse.

In conclusion of the topic “Luke: Characteristics” (“At the Bottom”), it should be noted that there is no unequivocal answer to this eternal question, but Gorky himself believes that truth is better than compassion. The author himself expresses full confidence that only truth and a correct understanding of the significance of human compassion will help save humanity.

Project work

All about bow

Completed:

1A class students

MKOU "Zalininskaya secondary school".

Project Manager:

primary school teacher

Davydova N.A.

2016

Content

Preparatory stage.

Identification of the problem. Setting goals and objectives.

Relevance

Planned result.

Main stages of work:

Main stage. (research)

Basic information about the bow.

1. Where did he come to usonion

Variety of onions

Medicinal properties of onion

About the bow.

Proverbs, sayings, riddles, poems, fairy tales.

The final stage.

Conclusion. Summarizing.

Bibliography.

Application.

Presentation

Folder "Onion Dishes."

Folder "Medicines from onions"

I .1. Identification of the problem. Setting goals and objectives.

In winter and spring, people often get colds. In February of this year, we had a quarantine at our school: our class did not study for more than a week due to the fact that most of the children got sick. How could this have been avoided? It was possible to do prevention, for example, eat green onions.

This winter we wanted to grow green onions in our classroom. For our work, we have chosen a goal: to try to grow green onions on our own, to learn and collect information about this plant, to collect Interesting Facts, proverbs, sayings and much more about onions. We took the bulbs and planted them in boxes filled with sawdust. The boxes were placed closer to daylight. The very next day, small green feathers began to appear. They have grown. So we managed to grow green onions in our class for the first time.

It became interesting to us how useful onion is, why people love it so much. To answer these questions, we searched for information on the Internet and encyclopedias, asked adults. We have compiled suchwork plan .

Collect information about the origin of the onion, its diversity.

Learn about the healing properties of onions.

Collect riddles, proverbs, sayings, poems, tales about onions.

Collect onion recipes.

Find out what diseases and how can be cured with the help of onions.

2. Relevance

The project is aimed at expanding and generalizing knowledge about cultivated garden plants, how to care for plants, and understanding the importance of vegetables in human life. Many children annually see how their parents plant onions, harvest them in the fall, and use them for various purposes. But you never thought: how does onion grow, what conditions are necessary for its growth? And why is it useful? When conducting joint activities- planting onions, all the children showed a desire to help, plant them themselves. There was an idea to implement the project “All about onions”, and invite the children to plant an onion together with the teacher, to observe how and how quickly it grows into a feather.

3.Planned result.

1. Children will learn how to plant and care for onions and get acquainted with the conditions for its cultivation, learn about the benefits of onions.

2.Children will get acquainted with literary works about onions, with how onions are used in cooking and medicine.

4. Main stages of work:

STAGE 1 - preparatory.

Plant onions in containers. Collect riddles, proverbs, sayings, poems, tales about onions. Collect cooking and medical recipes with onions.

STAGE 2 - main (research).

Monitor the growth of onions, conduct experiments. Establish connections: plants - earth, plants - water, plants - people. In the process of research, introduce children to fiction about the bow: sayings, poems, fairy tales, riddles. Conduct classes and talks.

STAGE 3 - final.

Analyze and summarize the results obtained in the process of research activities of children.

To arrange an exhibition of drawings about onions, handicrafts from onions.

II .Main stage. (research)

1. Basic information about the bow.

Onion- And herbaceous plants belonging to the subfamily . The scientific Latin name was given , comes from the Latin name , and this, in turn, is probably related to the Celtic word- burning ; another version - comes fromlatin word-smell .

There are over 900 species in the genus. that grow in . Representatives of the genus grow in meadows, in the steppe, forests.

Representatives of the genus have a large oblate-spherical, covered with reddish, white or purple shells. Perennial (cultivated species sometimes biennial) bulbous or herbaceous plants with almost undeveloped bulbs, have a sharp onion (or garlic) smell and taste

Blooms in June-August.

Seeds are angular or round. Fruits in August-September.

Chemical composition.

Bulbs contain nitrogenous substances (up to 2.5%), various(10-11%)( , , , ), , , and its , , various , salts and , , and , A (3.75 mg%), (60 mg%), (50 mg%), (0, 20 mg%), (10.5-33 mg%), as well as with a pungent odor, irritating and nose. Home integral part essential oils are disulfide and other sulfides, the main some of which, en C 6 H 12 S 2 contains many .

2. Where did you come from onion

Onion - one of the most ancient vegetable plants. It has been cultivated for five millennia. Onion is known all over the world, and it came to us from Asia, where ordinary shepherds were the first to eat onions. At first it was believed that only green shoots could be eaten, but over time, vegetable bulbs also began to be eaten.Onion cultivation began in ancient China and then moved to India. At that time, trade was actively developing, so the onion migrated to Egypt, where it became simply a cult plant, as evidenced by numerous frescoes and sculptures.Archaeologists have found remains of onions inEgyptian pyramids, and on the sarcophagi and walls of buildings - various images of him. Since the time of the bow comes to Greece, where it is considered a means of getting rid of all diseases. Warriors Ancient Greece they smeared their muscles with onions before important competitions, believing that the bow would become their reliable assistant. In Rome, onions were actively used for bowel problems.

For a long time, onions have been grown and cultivated in Rus'.Old Russian cuisine widely used onions for cooking and seasonings from it. Foreign travelers and diplomats who visited Rus' noted that most Rusyns eat dishes so spicy that it is impossible to eat them. Onions became the staple food of commoners in Rus'. Bread and kvass, and raw onions - these are the main foodstuffs of peasants, artisans, and soldiers. The people, of course, could not know in those days about the phytoncidal properties of onions, which have a beneficial effect on increasing the body's immunity, its resistance to diseases. In one old Russian herbalist, there is such a description of the healing properties of onions: “It softens the womb, but it induces thirst and destroys the stinking spirit from the mouth ... being taken internally, it works excellently with weakness of the stomach and poor digestion, convulsions of hysterical women, mucous and convulsive shortness of breath, water and stone disease. During prevailing contagious diseases, it is very useful to add onions to breakfast food, to make soups from onions with the addition of salt, pepper, a little vinegar.

3. A variety of onions.

There are also sweeter varieties, such as Spanish

and red onion is great for use in

salads.

shallot

Shallot has a mild sweet fragrance and

is a source of the same vitamins as onion

onion.

GARLIC

Heads of garlic have a white, almost papery texture.

husk, sometimes with a pinkish or purple tint.

LEEK

Leek has a milder taste thanonion

and garlic

GREEN ONION

Green onions or lettuce are unripe onion

onion with an underdeveloped bulb, it is harvested when

the green feathers are still quite fresh.

CHNITT-ONION

Chives or chives - aromatic herb with

tiny bulbs, eat only

green feathers. Their purple-pink flowers too

edible and nicely garnish salads.

4. Medicinal properties of onions

Onions have long been considered a powerful remedy against diseases.In ancient Greece, according to the ancient Roman physician Pedanius Dioscorides, onions were recommended to stimulate appetite and "as a cleanser." The Romans and Greeks attributed to the bow the ability to excite inexhaustible vitality, energy, courage and in large quantities used it in the diet of warriors.

Healing properties onions were also known in the countries of the Ancient East, where they said: “Luk, every ailment passes in your arms.” Ancient Slavsit was used for many diseases, and in the years of severe epidemics, bundles of onions were hung in the huts. "A bow from seven ailments" - said a Russian proverb.

During the Middle Ages, the bow was so popular and so people believed in its healing and protective power that they used it as a talisman that could protect against the evil eye, the spell of the witch, hitting arrows, wounding with a sword, spear, halberd. The knights, clad in impenetrable metal armor, wore an onion on their chests.In the Middle Ages, people believed in the ability of the bow to protect against arrows and swords. Medieval knights wore a simple onion on their chest as a talisman.

In our time, scientists have discovered that onion volatiles - phytoncides - are detrimental to many pathogenic and putrefactive bacteria.The discovery of phytoncides belongs to the famous researcher academician B. N. Tokin. It was he who first noticed that the volatile substances of crushed onions have a detrimental effect on yeast cells. Many scientists are now working to develop a kind of onion that does not cause tears. But the fact is that this special taste and smell of onions have a beneficial effect on the human body. So an onion that does not cause tears will have a completely different taste and smell. It has been observed that people working in greenhouses where all year round grow green onions, rarely get colds and flu, even during the most severe epidemics.

It is known that it is enough to chew an onion for three minutes to kill all the bacteria in the mouth. It is also recommended to eat raw onions for beriberi and for the prevention of influenza. Onion greens contain many useful substances, especially vitamin C. 100 g of green onions will satisfy daily requirement person in this vitamin. Fresh onions improve digestion and promote better absorption of nutrients. Two centuries ago, onions were used in the treatment of typhus, influenza, scurvy, decreased vision, impotence and other diseases, as well as wounds, burns, hair loss.

5. about the bow.

Onions (Allium) - a genus of biennial and perennial plants classified in the subfamily

Onion.

The Latin scientific name - allium - was given by Carl Linnaeus and comes from the Latin name for garlic, and it, in turn, according to one version, is associated with the Celtic word all - burning; another version derives the name from the Latin halare - to smell.

There are more than 900 species in the Onion genus that grow in the Northern Hemisphere.

Representatives of the genus grow in the steppe, in meadows, in forests.

228 types of onions are vegetable crops.

It is difficult to establish the homeland of the onion. Most researchers believe that onions

comes from Southwest Asia.

There are very ancient - from the Bronze Age - evidence of the use of onions in Europe.

The Yale Babylonian Collection contains three small clay tablets that are the first cookbooks known to us. They describe "a culinary tradition that impresses with its richness, elegance and craftsmanship", with many aromas and tastes that are familiar to us today. It turned out that in ancient Mesopotamia they simply adored the whole onion family. The Mesopotamians made extensive use of not only the common onion, but also leeks, garlic, and shallots.

The onions and garlic have been known since 3000 BC. e. The historian Herodotus, who lived in Ancient Greece 2,500 years ago, noted that there was an inscription on how much garlic and onions were consumed by workers. It read: “1600 talents of silver were spent on onions and food for slaves.”

Archaeologists discovered the image of a bow on the tomb of Tutankhamen, dating back to 1352 BC. e.

It is known that 5000 years ago, onions were grown in,.

The bow was necessarily included in the provision of noble knights in the Middle Ages, during the time of the Crusades. The French exchanged their captured compatriots with the Saracens, paying eight onions per person.

Onion came to America thanks to the expedition of Christopher Columbus, first it was planted on Isabella Island, and then spread throughout the mainland.

If we calculate the consumption of onions per capita, then Libya becomes the world champion, where, according to the UN, the average citizen eats more than 33 kg of onions per year. “We put onions in everything,” say the Libyans. In second place is Senegal, whose inhabitants consume an average of about 22 kg of onions per year. Residents eat somewhere around 9.3 kg per person per year. But the inhabitants, whom the British traditionally consider "onion eaters", actually cost a modest 5.6 kg per person.

In India, no meal is complete without onions. Fluctuations in the cost of onions are noticeable to every ordinary person. The political weight of the onion is explained by the fact that this vegetable is an integral part of the life of almost every Indian home. Perhaps the most telling example of this kind was in 1998, when analysts attributed the defeat of the ruling BJP in Delhi to the rise in the price of onions.

The widespread onion got its name from the external similarity with.

The leek is one of the national symbols of Wales. In the 6th century, according to legend, the Bishop and educator David of Wales during the battle against the Saxons, which took place in the onion field, called on his soldiers to attach leeks to their helmets to distinguish their comrades-in-arms from enemies. Therefore, every year on March 1, the inhabitants of Wales celebrate a national holiday - St. David's Day.

Onions contain more natural sugar than apples and pears. Onion slices contain 6% sugar. When fried, when caustic substances evaporate, the onion becomes sweet.

Onions are a great fat burner. There is even a special onion diet, during which you need to eat onion soup.

People say that onions are from seven ailments. It has been observed that people working in a greenhouse where green onion, even during the most severe epidemics do not get flu.

Onions serve as an anesthetic when bitten, and. To do this, immediately rub onion juice into the bite site.

It has been scientifically proven that substances that cause the taste, smell of onions and tears from processing them can fight cancer cells.

Riddle: “Grandfather is sitting, dressed in a hundred fur coats, whoever undresses him sheds tears.” The reason for such tearing onions lies in a special substance - lacrimator (from the Latin lacrima - tear). When the bulb is cut, the lachrymator is released and dissolved in water and, in particular, in human tears. This produces sulfuric acid, which irritates the mucous membrane of the eye. And now it is clear why the onion is cleaned by wetting it or the knife with water - lachrymator dissolves in water and practically does not escape into the air. If the onion is frozen before peeling, then the activity of the lachrymator also decreases sharply.

Onion improves appetite, assimilation of food, increases the body's resistance to infectious diseases.

Onion has bactericidal and antiseptic properties, fights viruses and accumulates the life-giving energy of the earth.

Onions can treat bites. To do this, simply apply chopped onion to the bite site. It will draw out the poison, reduce swelling and speed up the healing of the skin.

Onion juice is a highly effective cough syrup, but it is quite unpleasant to consume it in this form. Therefore, when coughing, it is better to put a piece of onion in the ear. Thus, onion juice enters the bloodstream and relieves an unpleasant cough.

Onion brings down the temperature. If the child has a high temperature, you need to cut the onion into rings and soak it in apple cider vinegar. Then, with the help of socks, we apply the bow to the feet. It is worth putting pieces of onion in your ears. The fever from this medicine subsides very quickly..

6. Proverbs and sayings about onions

III .The final stage

1. Conclusion.

Our experiment showed that green onions grow well in a bright and warm place from small bulbs. The kids enjoyed growing green onions. This is a useful and fun activity. Several children continued to grow green onions at home in order to make delicious, healthy meals with them and not get sick.

The children got acquainted with the history of the onion, its diversity, and what significance it has for people. We learned how to plant onions “on the green”, take care of them. With the help of a microscope, they examined the cells of the onion and found out why the eyes are watery from the onion. We collected proverbs, sayings, riddles about onions. We found out that there are many fairy tales about this vegetable.

Green onions help fight winter-spring ailments: colds and flu, and other diseases. If you use onions constantly, and especially in the cold season, no diseases will be terrible!

Job done

students of grade 1 A MKOU Zalininskaya secondary school:

Agarkov Vladislav

Agarkova Xenia

Biryukova Angelina

Biryukov Rodion

Grebennikov Ivan

Drozdov David

Evglevsky Yan

Karnaukhova Anastasia

Kolenchukov Daniil

Lebedko Arseniy

Mishin Alexander

Pashkova Anna

Bad Arina

Bad Olga

Sadirova Jasmine

Simonenkova Sofia

Sogachev Dmitry

Sogachev Ilya

Timokhin Ivan

Tkachuk Ekaterina

Project Manager : teacher primary school

Davydova Natalia Alexandrovna

Onion is a perennial plant of the Onion family, which forms small bulbous seeds. They germinate easily when planted in the ground. Its fruit - in fact, what we eat daily - is a spherical box. Leek is a biennial plant and also belongs to the Onion family. In practice, it is grown in an annual crop, because in the second year it blooms, and the healing qualities of the leaves are significantly reduced.

The variety of varieties of this plant is quite large. Basically, small differences exist in the shape and size of the heads, in the color of the flesh and scales, but the taste can also be noticeably different. Separate sharp (due to the presence of phytoncides), peninsular and sweet varieties. If we talk about the benefits of onions, then the difference between individual varieties is negligible.

Interesting! Most of us are accustomed to bulbs no larger than 10 cm and weighing up to 150-200 g, but there are much more interesting specimens. The variety of the Spanish onion Valencia is characterized by exhibits up to 1 kg in weight. And not so long ago in Russian media there was a photograph of a bulb, the weight of which is 2 kg 850 g, and it was grown by a German gardener. But this was not a record either. In Mexico, real giants were grown, whose mass reaches 4 kg.

The homeland of the onion is considered to be Southwest Asia and the Mediterranean, but in wild culture he does not meet there. It is known that the bow was widely used even during the Roman Empire and was popular in Ancient Greece. Today it is grown all over the world, including in Western Europe (Belgium, France, Holland) and in Russia. We have it appeared relatively recently, several centuries ago. Onions are harvested in late summer and early autumn.

Interesting! Knowledgeable people advise picking green onions on the growing moon, from morning to noon, and onions closer to the full moon (in the third lunar phase) and in the evening, almost at sunset.

How useful is an onion?

The Moscow Institute of Nutrition of the Academy of Medical Sciences has established recommendations according to which each adult should consume 7-10 kg of onions throughout the year. In addition, it is widely used in the household - they purify water, paint eggs for Easter, make decoctions and infusions used in gardening based on onion peel. But you need to use such an infusion for 15-20 minutes, until the phytoncides have “weathered”. Onions are a valuable source of bee nectar and an excellent honey plant.

Leek. The green onion activates the metabolism and, thanks to this property, is of particular value for people with overweight. Normalizes the work of the digestive tract, favors the work of the liver. A large number of potassium salts causes a noticeable diuretic effect of the leaves of the plant. Like onions, leeks help fight the manifestations of sclerosis.

Onion - useful properties and contraindications for use in medical practice

All types of onions are widely used in medicine, as they help to treat a number of diseases, in addition to medicines.

• Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Onion-based preparations are widely used to treat patients with atony, colitis of non-dysenteric origin, with a tendency to constipation.
• Pulmonary diseases.
• Atherosclerosis and hypertension, especially with atherosclerosis as a background. Onion is good for lowering blood pressure.
• Avitominosis and other metabolic disorders.
• Diseases of the common cold. The essential oil in the bulb is known to kill disease-causing microbes. It is recommended to increase the consumption of onions in food during influenza epidemics.
• Abrasions on the feet are smeared with a mixture of chicken fat and onion gruel.
• Eye diseases. Well "clarifies" vision water infusion fresh onion. A mixture with honey treats a thorn.
• Cleansing of wounds. This is helped by onion gruel applied to the wound, which also draws out inflammation well.

Since ancient times, healers have used the vegetable in their healing recipes. In China, folk healers used onion tea to treat fever and headaches, cholera, and dysentery. In Tajikistan, there are recipes for treating kidney stones with a decoction of onion seeds. Russian herbalists also recommend using onions to treat dropsy, kidney and bladder stones. It was believed to soften phlegm, promote digestion, and increase sex drive.

The diuretic effect allows you to successfully fight edema, while being a storehouse of vitamins and minerals for the body.

Green onion has many properties of onion, and in addition, it treats gout, rheumatism, and helps with physical and emotional overstrain. Valuable and analgesic effect of leeks with insect bites. To make the pain go away, it is enough to rub the bitten place with feathers. A mixture of 300 g of onion juice and 200 g of leek juice was used to treat liver cancer - they took 1 tbsp. 3 times a day.

Leek feathers have one unique property that is not found in any other plant. During storage, the amount of ascorbic acid in the white part does not decrease, but, on the contrary, increases by almost one and a half times.

Both onions and leeks bring both benefit and harm if used without looking back. Fresh onion is not recommended if there are diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver and kidneys in the acute stage. Leek can be harmful in acute inflammation of the stomach and duodenum.

Medicinal recipes that contain onions

• For the treatment of diabetes in combination with atherosclerosis and high blood cholesterol, take 100 g of onion, grind it on a grater and add one glass of sugar. After 3-4 days, the mixture can be consumed in 1 tbsp. every 3 hours. The course lasts a month.
• When ringing, tinnitus, they put cotton wool soaked in the juice of a fresh onion. Cotton wool can also be placed in the nostrils to prevent influenza.
• During influenza epidemics, dilute onion juice with water 1: 3, place it near you and inhale. So repeat 2-3 times a day. The mixture purifies the air from bacteria and viruses.
• With atony of the gastrointestinal tract, take 1 tbsp before meals. juice or porridge.
• Onions can expel worms from the body. To do this, make an infusion of one medium bulb and a glass of boiled water. After 8-12 hours of infusion, they drink on an empty stomach half (or one third) a glass for 3-4 days. Such treatment lends itself well to roundworms of ascaris and pinworms. A good anthelmintic effect will also be if you eat a raw onion on an empty stomach.
• Skin inflammatory diseases, acne, as well as various ulcers and frostbite are treated with the application of gruel.
• With habitual constipation, hemorrhoids and intestinal inflammation, it is recommended to take 1 tsp. juice from a fresh vegetable before each meal.

Traditional medicine promises that teeth will never hurt if rubbed with onion juice in the morning.

Improves eyesight fresh onion juice, especially red. They instill 1-2 drops in their eyes. The procedure is carried out no more than 1-2 times a month.

Inhalation of steam from a baked vegetable helps with diseases of the upper respiratory tract and sore throats.

What else can onions be good for?

• For skin cancer, baked or boiled onions are applied to sore spots 1-4 times a day.
• Bronchitis complicated by asthma can be cured with the following recipe. Grind and put under the load half a kilogram of onion. Drain the resulting juice into a glass vessel and add half a kilogram of sugar. Keep the mixture in the sun for 2 weeks and take on an empty stomach 1 tbsp. Continue the course until complete recovery.
• With a strong cough, a decoction of the husk of 10 onions in 1 liter of water helps. After boiling, the liquid should reduce by half in volume. Strained broth drink 2/3 cup 3 times a day, adding a little honey.
• You can get rid of freckles if you wipe them (the mask should contact the skin for no more than 5 minutes and not get into the eyes) in the morning and evening with a mixture of onions, horseradish and sour cream.
• Strengthens the hair gruel from fresh onions, which is rubbed into the scalp of the skin on the head.
• This mixture helps with baldness: the juice of one onion, 1 tsp. honey, 1 tbsp. burdock oil, raw yolk, 2 tsp. liquid soap. Make a compress for 1-2 hours and wash your head well.
• So that the hair does not fall out, a solution of cognac, onion juice and a decoction of burdock roots is rubbed into the scalp in a ratio of 1: 4: 6.
• An infusion of 25 g of onion peel per half liter of boiling water will help fight dandruff. After 15 minutes, you can rinse your freshly washed hair.
• With prostatic hypertrophy, you can take 3 times a day before meals, 1 tbsp. fresh (treatment is best done in July-August) onions and honey.
• Both onions and green onions will help with intestinal atony, atherosclerosis and hypertension. An alcohol tincture is made from onion and alcohol in a ratio of 2:10. Take 20-30 drops 15 minutes before meals. Continue the course up to 4 weeks.
• Trichomonas diseases in women are also treatable with onions. Use swabs soaked in a mixture of thick onion juice and glycerin 1:1. Such treatment is preferably carried out after consultation with a doctor. The first time a tampon is inserted for 6 hours. If there are no negative sensations, the duration of tamponation is increased to 12 hours. The course consists of 20-25 procedures. The mixture is stored in the refrigerator, before use, the required amount is heated.

When ingested with fresh onions, bad breath may occur. You can get rid of it if you chew walnuts or a black crust of bread.

Rauza Khairullina
Project “What do we know about onions?”

District children's competition projects for preschoolers

"My First Discoveries"

Project

"What we know about onions?»

Nomination: "I am a researcher"

Completed:

Pupils of the joint venture

"Kindergarten "Sun"

GBOU secondary school with. New Mansurkino

Achilova Gelnaz

Sadreev Linar

Rakhimova Albina

educators:

Khairullina R. G.

Nurutdinova L. M.

Introduction

During the game, we noticed that there were few children in the group. When asked why there are no children, educators answered: "Sick". And then we remembered how parents, cooks, our grandmothers constantly told us spoke: "Eat onions for food, the more often you eat them, the less you will get sick." But we don't love onion: it is bitter and tasteless, but at the same time we do not want to get sick. How to make yourself fall in love with onions….

What's happened "onion" We we know, since we live in a village and have a good idea of ​​​​how vegetables are grown. We see how parents plant onions, harvest them in autumn, use them for various purposes, but we never thought about how onions grow, where does it come from, what conditions are necessary for its growth? And how is it useful? The educators suggested that we solve the problem using the example of growing onions, as this will give us the opportunity to learn about Luke everything, love it, eat it and get sick less.

We were interested in this problem, it seemed interesting to us, and we decided to engage in research activities.

This is how our research topic arose. "What we know about onions?»

Problem:

We are few know about onions and their benefits.

Rationale for relevance Topics:

Onion is a vegetable that helps our health.

We put forward a hypothesis

1. Onions need light, heat and water to grow.

2. Onion is healthy vegetable for good health.

In connection with the hypothesis put forward, the goal was determined research:

To study the influence of the environment on the germination and development of onions from seeds.

Show the importance of onions in a person's life to all the guys in our group.

Research objectives:

1. Study informational material about growing onions from seeds, about the benefits of onions

2. Conduct a few experiments with onion seeds

3. Observe the plant under study

4. Make observations on how onions affect our health.

Research methods

1. Search and analysis of literature on the problem.

2. Conversation with adults and work on the Internet.

3. Watch TV

4. Surveillance

5. Comparison

6. Generalization of the received data.

Object of study: black onion.

Subject of study: features of onion germination, the effect of onion on health

The research work is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part, together with parents and educators, we found the necessary information on the Internet and processed it.

In the practical part, experimental research methods were used, based on the results of which we made the appropriate conclusions

I. THEORETICAL PART

1.1 Comprehensive value of the bow.

1.2 Onion as a vegetable crop.

Onion is a truly amazing plant. Almost no housewife can do without it. Onion is included in the recipe of many dishes, it is added to salads, first courses, and second courses. Both green feathers and the bulbs themselves are used. We are so accustomed to onions that sometimes we forget that at any time of the year we have at hand a cheap means of combating many diseases.

1.3 Bow in traditional medicine

No plant is used in folk medicine as widely as onion.

1. Fresh onion juice, diluted with water, treats inflammation of the oral cavity.

2. Grated onion mixed with honey helps get rid of cough

3. Onion gruel is one of the remedies for hair loss.

4. Fresh juice removes warts, acne

5. Cut bulbs, applied to the temples, help with headaches.

II. Practical part

2.1 Research methods:

We have carried out a series of experiments.

For observation, we used the seeds of the onion plant Stuttgarter Riesen

(Appendix No. 1-No. 8. Calendar of observations, p. 12)

The purpose of the experiment is to find out how the state of the seed affects the germination of seeds.

2.2. Effect of seed condition on germination.

Equipment: onion seeds, wet gauze, two containers with soil and pallets.

1. Part of the onion seeds was placed for several days in gauze soaked in water.

2. Sow dry and germinated onion seeds in two containers with soil.

3. Put the containers with the sown seeds in a warm place.

4. Water the plants in both containers with the same amount of water.

5. Compared after what time the plants will sprout.

2.3. Research results:

6. Seed Condition Date

sowing date

shoot What we observe

Dry 08.10. Through

a week Grow well

Sprouted 08.10 On the second

day Grow well

dry seeds germinated seeds

According to our observations, we conclusion:

soaked in water and germinated seeds germinate faster than dry seeds.

2.4 Influence of soil temperature on the rate of seed germination.

The purpose of the experiment is to find out how soil temperature affects seed germination.

Equipment: onion seeds, 2 containers

1. Soaked onion seeds.

2. A few germinated seeds were placed in warm soil, and a few in cooler soil.

3. For several days, the rate of seed germination was observed.

2.5 Research results

Soil temperature Sowing date Emergence date What we observe

warm 08.10. A week later shoots appeared on the seventh day. Upon further observation, the development is normal, the leaves are green. The plant is growing well.

cold 08.10 On the 10th day Seedlings appeared on the tenth day.

The plant is developing normally.

warm soil cold soil

Conclusion: Soil temperature affects the rate of seed germination. Seeds sown in warm soil germinate much faster than seeds sown in colder soil.

The purpose of the experiment is to find out how light affects the germination of seeds and the development of seedlings.

2.6. Effect of light on plant growth.

Equipment

1. Sow onion seeds in two containers with soil.

2. We put the containers with the sown seeds in a warm place: one - to a well-lit place, the other - to a dark place (closet).

3. Water the plants in both containers with the same amount of water.

4. After 1-3 weeks they were compared.

2.7. Research results

Where was the plant Date of sowing Date of shoot What we observe

On the windowsill 08.10. A week later shoots appeared on the seventh day. Upon further observation, the development is normal, the leaves are green

In the closet 08.10 On the second day Seedlings appeared on the seventh day. upon further observation, the plant is pale, weak. long, frail leaves.

in the light closet

Conclusion: light is of great importance for plants, because only in the light can plants grow well, develop and form a special green substance - chlorophyll.

2.8 Effect of water on plant growth.

The purpose of the experiment is to find out how water affects the germination of seeds and the development of seedlings.

Equipment: onion seeds, two containers with soil and pallets.

1. Sow onion seeds in containers with soil.

2. The containers with the seeds sown in them were placed in a warm, bright place.

3. The first container was watered, the second was not watered.

4. Within 1-3 weeks, the development and growth of plants was observed.

2.9 Research results.

Effect of water on plant growth

Irrigation Sowing date Emergence date What we observe

Moderate 08.10. A week later shoots appeared on the seventh day. Upon further observation, the development is normal, the leaves are green. The plant is growing well.

Do not water 08.10 The seed did not germinate in the soil

Conclusion: water affects the growth and development of plants. When watered, the plant develops quickly. And if not watered - the plants do not develop at all.

not watered watered

3.1 Experimental and research activities

3.2 Onion treatment: folk recipes (Appendix No. 10, page 12)

September.

We posted information on the stand with folk recipes use of the bow. Parents were asked to use them and then report the results. Here's what happened.

Experiment #1

Diamond's mom:

“Diamond got the flu, I cut an onion in half, applied it to his nasal passages and asked him to inhale deeply for 2-3 minutes. The procedure was carried out 3-4 times a day. The illness has passed quickly.

Experiment #2

Ilnar:

“During physical education classes, I fell, the bruise hurt. At home, my mother grated 1 head of onion on a grater, laid it evenly on gauze, applied it to the site of the bruise and held it for 25-30 minutes. The pain subsided. The next day, as usual, I went to the kindergarten.

Experiment #3

“Many in the group do not eat well, they have a clear lack of appetite, we invited the cooks to serve us salads from onions for lunch (parents prepared recipes for making salads from onions and gave them to the cooks. (Appendix No. 9, page 13)

At first we did not want to eat onions, but each time we tried a little and, finally, we fell in love. Appetite appeared, we began to eat better.

Experiment #4

Dasha's mom:

“When my daughter caught a cold and began to cough badly, I began to use fresh onion juice mixed with honey. Dasha took 1 tbsp. spoon 3-4 times a day. Helped. The cough began to decrease.

Experiment #5

Mom Linara:

“My son had a bad toothache. I took an onion, cut it in half and put the cut side on left hand on the elbow bend, as the tooth ached on the left. The bulb was secured with a bandage on the arm. After 10-15 minutes, the pain disappeared, the bulb was removed.

conclusions:

Indeed, onions have healing and medicinal properties. This is confirmed by our observations during the research.

This vegetable supports good spirits and a cheerful mood. In three months of eating onions, we have all changed. They became cheerful, sociable, and most importantly, they became less likely to get sick. Our advice everyone: "Eat more onions!"

Conclusion

We are satisfied with our work. Observing the development and growth of a vegetable crop - onion, working with the literature, we came to the following conclusions:

1. A plant needs light, heat, watering, and good care to grow.

2. At home, you can grow almost any plant yourself, creating favorable conditions for it.

3. Onion - cheap and effective remedy fight many diseases

Thus, our hypothesis was confirmed.

Finishing our project, we want say:

So let's take care of our health, friends.

On project today we talked about it.

We will love the bow

And we can surprise everyone with our health!