Svetlana Pozdnyakova
Breathing exercises for children preschool age. Health-saving technologies
Why do you need breathing exercises?
1. Breathing is the most important function of the body. Important place in physical culture do special breathing exercises that provide complete drainage of the bronchi, cleanse the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, and strengthen the respiratory muscles. Even the ancient eastern sages, the creators of various respiratory systems, attached great importance to breathing exercises.
2. It was believed that in addition to oxygen supply, breathing also provides energy to the body. Proper breathing regulates the condition nervous system person.
3. Human health, physical and mental health largely depend on breathing. mental activity, for example, breathing rate and breathing alternately through the left and right nostrils affect brain functions.
4. The fitness of the respiratory muscles determines a person’s physical performance and endurance: as soon as an untrained person runs a few tens of meters, he begins to breathe rapidly and feel shortness of breath due to the poor development of the respiratory muscles. Trained people do not experience shortness of breath, and their breathing quickly calms down even after prolonged physical activity.
Breathing exercises help saturate every cell of the body with oxygen. The ability to control breathing contributes to the ability to control oneself.
Besides, correct breathing stimulates the functioning of the heart, brain and nervous system, relieves a person from many diseases, improves digestion
Exhaling slowly helps you relax, calm down, and cope with anxiety and irritability.
In addition, breathing exercises are simply necessary for children who often suffer from colds, bronchitis, as well as those recovering from pneumonia or suffering from bronchial asthma.
Breathing exercises help to increase the child’s overall vitality, resistance, hardening and resistance of his body to diseases respiratory system.
Develops respiratory muscles, increases the mobility of the chest and diaphragm, improves lymph and blood circulation in the lungs, improves the activity of the cardiovascular system.
There are many methods of breathing exercises known (according to K.P. Buteyko, A.N. Strelnikova, according to the yoga system, etc.), but it is not advisable to mechanically follow any of them.
Lower or “abdominal”, “diaphragmatic” (only the diaphragm is involved in respiratory movements, and the chest remains unchanged; the lower part of the lungs is mainly ventilated and the middle part is slightly ventilated);
Middle or “costal” (intercostal muscles are involved in respiratory movements, the chest expands and rises slightly; the diaphragm also rises slightly);
Upper or “clavicular” (breathing is carried out only by raising the collarbones and shoulders with a stationary chest and some retraction of the diaphragm; the tops of the lungs are mainly ventilated and the middle part is slightly ventilated);
Mixed or “full yogi breathing” (combines all the above types of breathing, while all parts of the lungs are evenly ventilated).
To successfully master breathing exercises, you must observe the following basic rights:
- draw air through the nose;
Do not raise your shoulders;
The exhalation should be long and smooth;
It is necessary to ensure that your cheeks do not puff out (to begin with, you can hold them with your hands);
You need to breathe with pleasure, since positive emotions in themselves have a significant healing effect;
It is necessary to concentrate on the breathing exercise, which increases its positive effect. ie.
For the purpose of systematic use breathing exercises they should be included in morning exercises, health-improving gymnastics after sleep, on GCD by physical development and physical education minutes during direct educational activities.
Examples of exercises for correct breathing gymnastics.
1. "TRUMPETER"
Sitting, the hands are clenched into a tube and raised up. Exhale slowly and say loudly
“d-u-u-u.”
Repeat 4-5 times.
2. "WATCH"
I. p--Standing, legs slightly apart, arms lowered
1-swing your arms forward-tick (inhale)
2-swing your arms back and forth (slow exhalation)
Repeat 5-6 times.
3. "ROOSTER"
Stand straight, legs apart, arms down. Raise your arms to the sides, inhale, and then slowly
Lowering your hands, exhaling, say “ku-ka-re-ku.”
Repeat 5-6 times.
4. “PORRIDGE IS BOILING”
Sitting, one hand lies on the stomach, the other on the chest. Drawing in your stomach - inhale, sticking out your stomach - exhale.
Exhaling, say loudly
"f-f-f-f-f."
Repeat 3-4 times.
5. "STEAM LOT"
Walk around the room, making alternating movements with your hands and saying
“chug-chug-chug.”
Repeat for 20-30 seconds.
6. "PUMP"
Stand straight, feet together, arms down. Inhale, then tilt your torso to the side, exhale, arms
Slide along the body, while pronouncing loudly
“s-s-s-s-s”, “s-s-s-s”.
Repeat 6-8 bends in each direction.
7. “REGULATOR” Standing, feet shoulder-width apart, one arm raised up, the other
Pushed aside. Inhale through your nose, then change the position of your hands and during an extended exhalation
Pronounce "r-r-r-r-r".
Repeat 5-6 times.
8. “GROW BIG”
Stand straight, legs together, raise your arms up, stretch well, rise on your toes, inhale,
Lower your arms down, lower your entire foot - exhale. As you exhale, say “u-h-h-h-h.”
Repeat 4-5 times.
Standing, feet shoulder-width apart, arms open to the sides. Tilt your torso to the right and left.
When bending over, exhale and say
“t-u-u-u-h-h.”
Repeat 3-4 bends in each direction.
10. “GEESE ARE FLYING”
Walk slowly for 1-2 minutes. Raise your arms to the sides - inhale, arms down - exhale,
Pronounce “g-oo-oo-oo”.
An indispensable condition is constant monitoring of the well-being of children. All exercises should be performed against the backdrop of positive responses from the child. We must always remember the commandment
Hippocrates “Do no harm!”
The teacher must provide emotional warmth and support to each child.
We must remember that positive results are possible only with the joint work of the entire team of preschool employees, in understanding the importance and significance of breathing exercises in working with children.
Your child often gets sick, and you don’t know how to deal with it, then be sure to read our article. From it you will learn how to cope with this problem with the help of properly selected breathing exercises.
- Breathing exercises- These are exercises of a therapeutic and general strengthening nature, which are prescribed to children who often suffer from colds and have problems with speech. Gymnastics can be used as a complement to drug and physiotherapeutic treatment or as an effective preventive measure that prevents the child from getting sick often
- If you manage to teach your child to do special exercises, then he will not only be able to breathe correctly, but will also strengthen his chest muscles quite well. Subsequently, this will lead to the required amount of air entering the respiratory system, which will cleanse the lungs of carbon dioxide
- And if we take into account that with a deep exhalation, some toxic substances are also released from the human body, then such exercises will also help improve health and improve immunity.
Goals of breathing exercises for children
Breathing exercises help improve immunity- Sometimes parents cannot understand why their child gets sick so often. It would seem that he eats right, walks a lot, lives in good conditions, but colds regularly plague his body
- Much to the regret of parents, sterility and proper care do not always help prevent the occurrence of diseases. After all, what smaller child, the less developed his respiratory system is
- Small children have rather narrow openings in the bronchi and a very delicate mucous membrane. Most often, these two factors are the reason that babies develop bronchitis, tracheitis and asthma. And if you don’t try to speed up the process of development of the respiratory system, then over time even a small person may develop speech disorders
Main goals of breathing exercises:
Teach children to listen to their breathing
Strengthen the muscles of the nasopharynx and upper respiratory tract
Saturate the body with oxygen
Improve the functioning of the child’s brain, nerves and heart
Strengthen your abdominal muscles
Types of breathing exercises for children
Statistical breathing exercises
If you decide to take your baby’s health seriously, then try to find a specialist who can help you choose individual complex exercises. After all, just like breathing exercises are auxiliary treatment of a particular disease, it is very important that they help reduce the manifestations of pathology, and not increase them.
Mothers whose children have asthma should be especially careful when selecting exercises. An incorrectly selected complex can provoke an asthmatic attack and complicate the course of the disease. Therefore, before you start doing any exercises, be sure to consult your pediatrician.
Types of breathing exercises:
Statistical. Promotes complete relaxation and calming of the baby
Dynamic. Teaches children to breathe correctly while moving
Special. Requires the use of drainages, so it must be carried out in the presence of a specialist
Breathing exercises by A. N. Strelnikova
Breathing exercises by Strelnikova for children
Initially, Alexandra Strelnikova developed breathing exercises for people who sing professionally. They helped people learn to breathe correctly, and some even restored their lost voice.
Over time, people who regularly used these exercises began to notice that they had a fairly good effect on the entire body as a whole. Based on this data, Strelnikova improved her system so that it would help not only singers, but also ordinary people.
Positive qualities of Strelnikova’s gymnastics:
Helps stop sudden asthma attacks
Relieves headaches
Helps you concentrate
Improves brain activity
Increases the body's defenses
Basic exercises:
Palms. Bend your elbows and turn your arms so that your palms face away from your face. Start clenching your palms into fists and at the same time take as deep breaths as possible. Repeat the exercises at least 20 times
Shoulder straps. Stand up straight, keep your hands at waist level, clench your palms into fists. Take a deep breath, during which you sharply straighten your arms and spread your fingers as far as possible. Make sure that while inhaling, the shoulder and hand are quite tense. Do 8-10 reps
Pump. Stand or sit so that you are as comfortable as possible. Take a deep breath and begin to bend over slowly. Having leaned all the way, begin to slowly return to starting position. Repeat the exercise 5-8 times
Breathing exercises for children for the nose
Unfortunately, our children are constantly exposed to negative environmental influences. Car exhaust, city smog, and poor-quality water gradually reduce the immunity of a little person almost from birth. The first sign that something is wrong with the child’s body is frequent seasonal respiratory diseases.
The most common manifestation of this pathology, of course, is a runny nose. And if at first you can cope with this problem quite quickly, then over time the body gets used to drug treatment and the runny nose does not go away for weeks. In this case, breathing exercises must be included in standard therapy.
So:
Close your mouth and pinch one nostril with your finger. And take a few breaths and exhalations. Repeat the exercise 5-6 times. Do the same manipulations with the next nostril.
Stand as straight as possible and begin to take deep breaths through one nostril and exhale through the other. Do 8-10 reps
Pinch your nose completely with your fingers and begin to slowly count to 10. Finally, release your nostrils and take a deep breath in and out. Repeat the exercise 10 times
Breathing exercises for children with adenoids
Adenoids- these are pathological changes in the pharyngeal tonsils, enlarged to such a size that they make it difficult for the child to breathe. Although it is believed that their increase occurs exclusively against the background of measles, scarlet fever or diphtheria, in some cases even a banal flu can provoke such a problem
Previously, medicine struggled with this problem quite radically; enlarged tonsils were simply removed surgically. But sometimes such operations were not entirely successful and the adenoids quickly grew back, increasing to an even more menacing size.
Therefore, now doctors resort to this method of treatment only as a last resort and try to fight the pathology with medicinal drugs and physiotherapeutic procedures. In addition, such children are required to undergo breathing exercises.
Gymnastics for adenoids:
Hedgehog. Ask your baby to intensively take short breaths and exhales through his nose. The child's actions should resemble the movement of the nose of a hedgehog sniffing food. If your child cannot understand what you want from him, then show him how to breathe by your example.
Crane. We place our hands on the collarbones, take a deep breath and at the same time begin to pull our hands up. You need to stretch until your legs are on tiptoes
Balloon. The child should inhale so that his tummy inflates like a balloon. After inhaling, you need to hold your breath for a second and you can begin to exhale slowly
Breathing exercises for children with bronchitis
Bronchitis is a rather serious disease in which congestion develops in the upper respiratory tract. A rather strong inflammatory process begins in the bronchi, against the background of which all the lumens are forgotten by infected mucus. It is this mucus that causes a rather strong and unproductive cough.
To alleviate the baby’s condition, parents have to give him medications that help thin the sputum and stimulate its release. But since it is quite difficult for small children to cough up mucus, it will be better if you try to stimulate this process with special breathing exercises.
Exercises that will help get rid of bronchitis:
Crow. Place your child in a high chair as far as possible comfortable position. As you inhale, the baby should raise his arms up and spread them to the sides. At the end of the exercise, namely while exhaling, the child should clearly say “K-a-r-r!”
Stork. The little person should take a standing position and, while inhaling, begin to raise his arms up and bend one leg at the knee. As you exhale, the baby’s arms and legs return to their original position.
Crane. As you inhale, the baby raises his arms as straight as possible above his head, and as he exhales, he lowers them along his body. The exercise should end with a fairly loud sound of “Oooh!”
Breathing exercises for children with bronchial asthma
Breathing exercises for children with bronchial asthma
The appearance of asthma in children is almost always provoked by allergens that irritate the bronchial mucosa quite strongly. Therefore, in some cases, in order for the child to recover, it is enough to simply identify and eliminate the source of irritation.
But if the baby’s respiratory system is very poorly developed, then such measures will not be enough. In this case, it is necessary to resort to drug treatment and enhance its effect with breathing exercises.
Exercises for bronchial asthma:
The child should make an extended and stepwise extended exhalation
At the end of the exercise, you must pronounce the trembling and hissing letters of the alphabet
Gymnastics should end with holding your breath as you exhale.
Deep breathing should be accompanied by exercises that stimulate strengthening of the chest muscles
Breathing exercises for children who stutter
Therapeutic gymnastics for children with stuttering
Stuttering refers to diseases of the articulatory apparatus and most often this condition is caused by excessive convulsions of the speech organs. The first manifestations of pathology can be noticeable as early as 3 years of age. At first, the baby may simply fall silent mid-sentence for a short period of time, and then slowly continue speaking.
Over time, the pathology becomes more complicated and it becomes difficult for the child to pronounce certain sounds. Since the diaphragm does not work quite correctly when stuttering, it is necessary to begin treating the problem with it. After the child learns to breathe correctly, it will become easy for him to pronounce absolutely all letters and words.
Gymnastics for stuttering:
Purse your lips as if you are going to make the sound “o”
You also need to stick out your tongue and fold it into a tube.
Begin to slowly draw in air, gradually filling your lungs with it and inflating your stomach.
When you realize that you can no longer inhale, lower your head down and hold your breath.
Count to five, raise your head and exhale slowly
Breathing exercises for children with speech disorders
The child’s speech function develops as he grows up. And the older a little person gets, the more intelligible and conscious his speech becomes. But if negative factors begin to influence the development of this function, this leads to the appearance of various speech pathologies. Most often, young children have problems with sound reproduction, rhythm and tempo of speech.
Gymnastics that help fight speech disorders in children:
Let your baby inflate regularly balloon
If desired, the ball can be replaced with a rubber toy (the material from which it is made should be as elastic and thin as possible)
Fill a basin with water, place several small toys in it and invite your child to try to move them with his breath.
Video: Breathing exercises. Demonstration of exercises with a child
Many parents face problems with respiratory system diseases in children. Agree, when a child is sick, it is very upsetting. Treatment medicines is not always justified and welcomed by mothers.
But how else can you help your child prevent and overcome diseases? In such a situation, breathing exercises can help the child and his parents. This complex develops the speech apparatus, respiratory muscles, coordination of movements, muscles of the spine and arms, promotes correct rhythmic breathing and pronunciation of sounds. In addition, if a child is hyperactive, then with the help of these exercises he will learn to relax and calm down.
Experts recommend doing children's breathing exercises 10-15 minutes twice a day. And it’s important! At least an hour must pass after the last meal. Follow certain rules: inhale through the nose - the shoulders should not rise, the cheeks should not puff out; exhalation is done smoothly and for a long time.
There are contraindications to performing breathing exercises for children. Therefore, it is necessary to consult with your doctor which breathing exercises are suitable for your child.
Breathing exercises:
"Stretch"
Starting position: standing, arms along the body.
On the count of 1 - hands up, inhale.
2 - lower your arms, exhale.
"Balloon"
The baby lies on his back, hands on his stomach.
As you inhale, slowly inflate your belly-ball.
As you exhale, your balloon tummy slowly deflates.
"Hugs"
Starting position: standing, arms in front of you.
On the count of 1 - arms to the sides, inhale.
2 - the child clasps his shoulders with his hands, exhales.
"Bubbles"
The child takes a deep breath through his nose.
He inflates his “bubbly cheeks” and slowly exhales through his slightly open mouth.
"Adjuster"
Stand straight, feet shoulder-width apart, one arm raised up, the other to the side.
Inhale through your nose, then change the position of your hands and, during an extended exhalation, say “r-r-r-r-r.”
"Hippo"
You can perform the exercise both lying down and sitting.
We place the child’s hand on the diaphragm, breathing occurs through the nose, let the baby watch how his palm rises and falls, and say the rhyme yourself (depending on the starting position):
The hippos sat down (lay down) and touched their bellies.
Then the tummy rises (inhale),
Then the tummy drops (exhale).
"Wave"
The child lies on his back, arms along the body, legs together.
Inhale - arms rise up and back, touching the floor.
Exhale - the hands return to the starting position, while the baby says: “Vni-i-i-z.”
"Tower Clock"
The baby stands with his legs slightly apart and his arms down.
Now it’s time to earn the clock: we say “tick-tock, tick-tock” and wave our arms back and forth.
"Pump"
The child puts his hands on his belt, squats slightly - inhale, straightens up - exhale.
Gradually the squats become lower, the inhalation and exhalation take longer.
"Talker"
You ask questions, the child answers.
How does the train talk? Tu-tu-tu-tu.
How does the machine hum? Bi-bi. Bi-bi.
How does the dough “breathe”? Puff - puff - puff.
You can also sing vowel sounds: o-o-o-o-ooo, o-oo-oo-oooo
"Diver"
The kid should imagine that he is going underwater to the sea.
A deep breath is taken and the breath is held for as long as possible.
"Airplane"
Tell the poem, and let the child perform movements in the rhythm of the verse:
Airplane - airplane (baby spreads his arms to the sides, palms up, raises his head, inhales)
Takes flight (holds breath)
Zhuzhu-zhu (makes a right turn)
Zhu-zhu-zhu (exhale, says zh-zh-zh)
I’ll stand and rest (stands up straight, hands down)
I'll fly to the left (raises head, inhales)
Zhu-zhu-zhu (makes a left turn)
Juzhu-zhu (exhale, w-w-w)
I’ll stand and rest (stands up straight and lowers his hands).
"The Giant and the Dwarf"
The child sits on the floor with his legs folded in front of him, foot to foot.
Put your hands on internal sides knees that are pressed to the floor.
We take a deep breath, straighten our shoulders, proudly raise our heads up, exhale and lower them down and press our heads to our feet.
"Crow"
The child stands with his arms along his body.
As we inhale, we spread our arms and wings wide apart, and as we exhale, we croak loudly, trying to make the sound “r” last as long as possible.
"Locomotive"
The child imitates a steam locomotive.
To do this, he walks, making alternating movements with his hands, while saying: “Chuh-chukh-chukh.” Then he stops and says: “Too-too-too.”
"Mouse and Bear"
You read a poem, the child performs the movements.
The bear has a huge house (straighten up, stand on tiptoes, raise your arms up, stretch, look at your arms, inhale)
The mouse has a very small one (sit down, clasp your knees with your hands, lower your head, exhale while pronouncing the sound sh-sh-sh)
The mouse goes to visit the bear (walk on tiptoes)
He won't get to her.
"I'll grow big"
The child stands straight with his legs together.
Raise your arms to the sides and up.
Inhale - rise on your toes, stretch well.
Exhale - arms down, lower onto the foot, while saying: “U-h-h-h.”
"Hamster"
We puff out our cheeks more, and now we take a few steps around the room.
We slap our cheeks with our palms, and they deflate with a cheerful pop.
"Balls are flying"
We stand up straight, hands with the ball in front of the chest.
Throw the ball forward from your chest.
As you exhale, say “u-h-h-h-h.”
"Merry Bee"
As you exhale, pronounce “z-z-z.” Imagine that a bee has landed on your nose (direct sound and gaze towards your nose), on your arm, on your leg. Thus, the child learns to direct attention to a specific area of the body.
"Rocket"
We take a deep breath through the nose, slowly raise our arms up from the sides, bring our palms together, pressing them tightly against each other, lift them onto our toes, stretch upward, holding our breath. (You can also pronounce the sound O or U as you exhale)
"Breeze"
I am a strong wind, I am flying,
I fly wherever I want (arms down, legs slightly apart, inhale through the nose)
I want to whistle to the left (turn my head to the left, lips with a straw and blow)
I can blow to the right (head straight, inhale, head to the right, lips like a tube, exhale)
I can go up (head straight, inhale through the nose, exhale through the lips with a straw, inhale)
And into the clouds (lower your head, touch your chin to your chest, calmly exhale through your mouth)
Well, for now I'm clearing away the clouds ( circular movements hands).
“March!”
The child stands up straight, a gymnastic stick in his hands.
He walks with his knees raised high.
For 2 steps - inhale, for 6-8 steps - exhale.
Exhaling, say “shh-sh-she.”
"Geometric Shapes"
Slowly take a deep breath in through your nose. The arms are extended forward (palms facing forward). Hold your breath.
Exhale slowly with the sound O, while your hands draw circles in time with the exhalation. Hold your breath.
Again, take a deep, slow breath. Holding your breath.
Exhale slowly with the sound A, while your hands draw triangles in the air.
"Bee"
The child sits up straight, crossing his arms over his chest and lowering his head.
The bee said: “Zhu-zhu-zhu” (we compress the chest and as we exhale we say: zhu-zhu, then as we inhale we spread our arms to the sides, straighten our shoulders and say...)
I’ll fly and buzz, I’ll bring honey to the children (he gets up and, spreading his arms to the sides, makes a circle around the room and returns to his place).
"Rose and Dandelion"
The child stands upright.
Take a deep breath through your nose - “smell a rose”, exhale - letting out as much air as possible, “blow on a dandelion”.
"In the Forest"
Let's imagine that we are lost in a dense forest.
After inhaling, we say “ay” as we exhale.
Let's change the intonation and volume and turn left and right.
"On the horizontal bar"
Stand straight, feet together, gymnastic stick hold it with both hands in front of you.
Raise the stick up, rise on your toes - inhale, lower the stick back behind your head - long exhale.
As you exhale, say “f-f-f-f-f.”
"The porridge is boiling"
The child sits down, one hand on his stomach, the other on his chest.
When retracting the abdomen, inhale; when protruding, exhale.
As you exhale, say “f-f-f-f-f” loudly.
"Mow the grass"
Invite your child to “mow the grass”: feet shoulder-width apart, arms down.
You read a poem, and he, saying “zu-zu,” waves his hands to the left - exhale, to the right - inhale.
Zu-zu, zu-zu,
We mow the grass.
Zu-zu, zu-zu,
And I'll swing to the left.
Zu-zu, zu-zu,
Together quickly, very quickly
We will mow all the grass.
Zu-zu, zu-zu.
"Little Frog"
We put our feet together.
Imagine how the little frog jumps quickly and sharply, and repeat his jumps: squatting slightly, inhaling, jump forward.
When you land, “croak.”
"Rooster"
The child stands up straight, legs apart, arms down.
Raise your arms to the sides and then slap them on your thighs.
As you exhale, say “ku-ka-re-ku.”
"Crow"
We stand with our arms down and our legs slightly apart.
Inhale - arms spread wide to the sides (wings), exhale - arms slowly lower, the child says: “Karrrrr.”
"Trumpeter"
The child sits down, folds his hands into a tube and lifts them almost up.
Exhaling slowly, loudly pronounces “pfff.”
"Hen"
We sit on a chair with our hands down.
Quick inhalation - hands are raised, palms up, to the armpits (wings).
Exhale - lower your arms, turning your palms down.
"Skier"
Imitation of skiing for 1.5-2 minutes. As you exhale, say “mm-mm-mm.”
"Stork"
The child stands straight, arms spread to the sides, and one leg bent at the knee and brought forward.
We fix the position for a few seconds. Let's keep our balance.
As you exhale, lowering your leg and arms, the baby quietly says “sh-sh-sh-sh.”
"Pendulum"
We stand straight, feet shoulder-width apart, holding the stick behind our heads, close to our shoulders.
We tilt our torso to the sides. When bending over, exhale and say “t-u-u-u-h-h.”
"Woodcutter"
The child stands up straight, legs slightly wider than shoulders.
While inhaling, he clasps his hands like a hatchet and lifts them up.
Sharply, as if under the weight of an ax, the outstretched arms are lowered down while exhaling, the body is tilted, allowing the hands to “cut through” the space between the legs. And says "bang".
"Angry Hedgehog"
We stand with our feet shoulder-width apart.
Imagine how a hedgehog curls up into a ball when in danger. The child bends down as low as possible without lifting his heels from the floor, clasps his chest with his hands, lowers his head, exhaling “p-f-f” - the sound made by an angry hedgehog, then “f-r-r” - and this is a satisfied hedgehog
"Geese are flying"
Slow walking for 1-3 minutes.
Raise your arms to the sides - inhale, lower them down - exhale, say “g-oo-oo”.
"Mill"
We stand up: legs together, arms up.
Slowly rotate with straight arms, saying “zh-r-r” as you exhale.
As the movements speed up, the sounds become louder.
"Semaphore"
Can be performed standing or sitting, with your back straight.
Raise your arms to the sides - inhale, slowly lower them down - long exhale, say “s-s-s-s-s”.
"Skater"
We place our feet shoulder-width apart, hands clasped behind our backs, and body tilted forward.
Imitating the movements of a speed skater, we bend first the left, then right leg, saying "k-r-r".
Inflammation of the bronchi is a serious and dangerous disease, diagnosed annually in 25 children out of 100. If treatment is not timely, there is a high probability of developing complications in the form of pneumonia or bronchial asthma. However, competent therapy, taking into account the form and severity of the pathology, helps to completely eliminate bronchitis and prevent possible consequences. IN childhood treatment should be comprehensive and include, in addition to medication, massage, breathing exercises and special physical exercises.
Principles of treating bronchitis in a child
The most important limitation in the treatment of inflammation of the bronchial mucosa in childhood is the inadmissibility of self-medication. Only a qualified specialist should select medications and prescribe any measures.
Bronchitis in children is a serious disease, the treatment methods for which are determined by the pediatrician
Treatment of bronchitis is carried out in the following areas:
- suppression of infection;
- decreased mucus secretion;
- removal of sputum from the bronchi;
- elimination of accompanying symptoms (high temperature, runny nose, diarrhea, etc.);
- general strengthening of the body.
The treatment regimen also takes into account the type of disease:
- Acute and obstructive forms of bronchitis involve the elimination of respiratory failure.
- For recurrent and chronic types of the disease, immunomodeling therapy is carried out.
- If the pathology is of allergic origin, the most important thing is to exclude the child from contact with the allergen.
Important! A pediatrician can prescribe home treatment for a small patient. However, if the child has signs of intoxication, the temperature exceeds 38°C and shortness of breath occurs, urgent hospitalization is necessary. This applies to a greater extent to newborns and children. early age due to poor functioning of the respiratory system.
Treatment of a child at home includes:
- Drug therapy.
In some cases, doctors prescribe antibiotics to children. This is permissible if pathogenic bacteria have been added to the viral infection or various complications have appeared in the form of excessively high temperature and purulent discharge during coughing.
- Creating an optimal indoor climate. It is necessary to regularly ventilate the room and maintain a comfortable temperature and humidity in it.
- Correction of nutrition and lifestyle.
- Carrying out inhalations using a nebulizer.
- Elimination of all possible allergens.
However, for a complete recovery, sometimes only a proper diet, antiviral and antibacterial therapy are not enough. To cleanse the bronchi we recommend:
- massage;
- physical exercise;
- breathing exercises.
They will help prevent possible negative consequences and significantly shorten the course of therapy.
It is important to remember that additional treatments for bronchitis are not a substitute for drug treatment. Therefore, parents must follow the doctor’s recommendations and coordinate all medical procedures with him.
Massage for bronchial inflammation
Increased mucus production in the bronchi can lead to obstruction (obstruction) of the child's airways. To prevent this serious complication, doctors prescribe massage, the objectives of which are also:
- liquefaction of sputum and increased drainage of the lungs, which promotes better removal of mucous secretions and restoration of air permeability in the bronchial tree;
- improvement of blood circulation in the lung tissues, due to which additional cleansing of the respiratory tract and nutrition of the bronchi with oxygen and nutrients occurs;
- increasing the child’s immunity due to the increased production of special cellular structures that cleanse the child’s body of pathogenic microorganisms - viruses and bacteria.
Pay attention! Before starting a massage, you should consult a doctor who will determine whether there are contraindications to this type. medical procedures. Thus, it is forbidden to perform any physical manipulations when the child has a high temperature.
Rules
- Before the massage, ventilate the room, ensuring that the air temperature is constantly in the range of 20 to 25°C and the humidity is not below 65%.
- Carry out the procedure in the morning or evening (two hours before bedtime). A similar time frame is required to ensure that sputum discharge does not prevent the child from falling asleep.
- Manipulations are carried out an hour before or 2 hours after meals. This will help prevent bloating, nausea, or vomiting.
- To thin and better expectorate sputum, the child is given a mucolytic agent and a warm drink.
It is important to understand that an incorrectly performed procedure can only worsen the situation. If a child constantly has colds or coughs, parents should consider taking a course in baby massage.
Vibrating
Vibration massage is especially recommended for acute bronchitis, as it helps remove mucus that accumulates in large quantities in the bronchi and lungs. To carry it out, you need to rhythmically tap the baby’s back in the bronchi area.
Massage for bronchitis improves mucus discharge and increases children's immunity
The rules for performing the procedure depend on the age of the baby. For children over one year old they look like this:
- We place the child with his tummy on the pillow so that the entire body lies on the cushion, and the head and legs hang freely.
- Raise the legs a little, ensuring that the child's head is below the level of the body. In this case, the mucus will not accumulate in the bronchi, but will begin to come out.
- Gently tap with the underside of your palm only the upper back and sides. Under no circumstances should you touch the child's spine or tap his chest.
When performing vibration massage on a child under one year old, you need to be extremely careful. In order for the procedure to bring only benefit to the baby, it is important to follow the recommendations of doctors:
- We place the baby on our laps (the position is the same as for older children on the pillow).
- Knock the middle one and index fingers right hand along the palm of the left hand, located above the bronchi area.
A massage session lasts from 3 to 7 minutes (the duration depends on the age of the child and the severity of the disease). During breaks, the baby should be placed in an upright position to improve coughing.
Komarovsky about massage for bronchitis - video
Drainage
Before the massage, the child is placed on a bolster or small pillow.
Drainage massage is indicated for simple and obstructive forms of acute bronchitis. To effectively discharge sputum, the child is placed with his stomach on a bolster or narrow pillow so that the head is lower than the body. The procedure consists of four successive stages.
- First, rub your back until it turns red. So that the baby does not experience discomfort, you can use baby cream.
- We step back from the spine two to three centimeters and perform 20 pinches, creating a “wave”. We move from bottom to top - from the middle of the back to the throat.
- Using the pads of our fingers we probe the intercostal depressions. We do this passage 3-4 times in one session.
- We tap the bronchi area for no more than a minute with a cupped palm. Then we stroke the back with our palms towards the shoulders.
After the manipulations, the baby should cough well, then he should be wrapped in a warm blanket and left in bed to “lie down.” You should not perform a massage if the child has a fever.
Technique for performing drainage massage - video
Spot
The essence of acupressure is the impact on strictly defined places on the human body. The points that help cure bronchitis are located on the neck, under the knees, behind the ears. The zones of influence are somewhat different in acute and chronic forms of pathology. This method is very effective, but such manipulations should only be performed by a specialist.
Acupressure should be performed by a person with special medical education
Honey
Natural honey is considered a very effective remedy against bronchial inflammation. It is useful both when taken internally and when used externally. However, before carrying out manipulations, you must make sure that the child is not allergic to honey. The procedure itself resembles a drainage form of massage.
- We put the baby on his tummy and rub his back until red.
- Apply to the bronchi area large number heated honey.
- We pat on the back until the skin becomes completely dry and the palms stop sticking to it.
Usually the duration of the procedure does not exceed 7 minutes. Then the baby must be rinsed with warm water, wrapped in a blanket and put to bed.
Canning
To perform such a massage, you will need medical cups. For a child over 5 years old (this method is contraindicated for infants and young children), two glass containers will be enough. When performing the procedure, you must follow the following sequence of actions:
- Lubricate the bronchial area with baby cream, Vaseline or olive oil.
- To apply the cups, use a cotton swab (moisten it in alcohol and set it on fire). The jar will stick to the skin due to the rarefied air.
- We perform smooth sliding movements, making sure that the cans do not separate from the skin.
Pay attention! Until now, pediatricians have not come to a consensus about the effectiveness of cupping massage. Therefore, be sure to consult with a specialist before carrying out such manipulations.
Cupping massage is allowed for children from 5 years old
Breathing exercises
For inflammatory processes in the bronchi, breathing exercises are also indicated. Best time to start performing them - 3–4 days of illness, when the temperature returns to normal. Young children need to be interested in doing gymnastics, transforming it into a playful form.
A child under two years old will enjoy blowing soap bubbles or floating paper boats in a bowl of water. In this case, the baby becomes the wind, which helps the “sailboats” swim to the other “shore”.
For bronchitis, it is useful to blow soap bubbles
For children over two years old, special exercises are suitable, which should be followed. following rules:
- inhale exclusively through the nose (if the nasal passages are blocked, you need to instill nasal drops);
- do not puff out your cheeks, at the beginning of the lesson you should hold them with your palms;
- while inhaling, the shoulders should remain motionless;
- Exhale long and smoothly through the mouth.
A set of exercises for children over two years old (each should be repeated 4-6 times):
- "Ball". Starting position: lying on your back, hands folded on your stomach. As you inhale, slowly inflate your stomach like a balloon, and as you exhale, slowly deflate it.
- "Wave". Starting position: lying on your back, legs together, arms along the body. As you inhale, raise your arms and move them back so as to touch the floor behind your head. As you exhale, return to the starting position. When performing the exercise, you need to pronounce the word “in-and-and-out.”
- “Growing big.” Starting position: standing on your feet, feet together. Raise your arms to the sides and up. As you inhale, stand on your toes and stretch. As you exhale, return to the starting position. When performing the exercises, you need to say “uh.”
Parents should not worry if a sick child cannot perform such exercises for a long time. Even 10 minutes is enough to strengthen the respiratory muscles and deliver additional oxygen to the lungs.
Exercise and exercise
Therapeutic exercise helps children cope with bronchitis faster and more effectively. However, you should avoid charging if your child has a high temperature. In the absence of fever, exercise therapy will only bring benefits due to:
- strengthening the immune system;
- improving blood circulation;
- increased sputum excretion;
- restoration of airway drainage;
- reducing inflammation in the bronchial tree.
The set of exercises should be determined by the attending physician after examining the child. It is recommended to conduct classes in a physical therapy group under the guidance of a trainer who is able to control the accuracy of execution. If this is not possible, charging can be done at home.
Exercise therapy is combined with breathing exercises. First, the baby breathes “correctly”, then begins a warm-up, which consists of bending and turning, squats, walking, alternately clapping the palms in front of him and behind him for each exhalation.
Kids up to three years This kind of warm-up is quite enough. Older children are offered the following set of exercises:
- Walk alternately on your toes and heels for one to two minutes.
- Lie on your back, put one hand along your body, the other behind your head. Change the position of your hands at a fast pace. The duration of the exercise is 15–20 seconds. It is necessary to do 3-4 approaches with breaks.
- The starting position remains the same. Raise your legs and perform the bicycle exercise for a minute.
Breathing and motor gymnastics for children from 3 to 5 years old - video
Fitball exercises
A baby can use a gymnastic ball from the first weeks of life. Exercises with a fitball, while observing safety precautions, will only bring benefits to your child:
- strengthen the abdominal and back muscles;
- improve the breathing process;
- reduces the inflammatory process in the respiratory tract.
Babies love exercise on a fitball, but you should not tire them, so the duration of the procedure should not exceed 10 minutes. You can simply swing your child on the ball or do the following exercises with it:
- Place the baby on his stomach and, holding his back, gently rock the ball forward, backward and to the sides.
- Turn over onto your back and perform similar movements.
- Place it on your stomach again right hand press on the back and butt so that the child pushes away from the hand with his feet, like a spring.
While performing exercises on a fitball, it is necessary to support and secure the child.
Exercises on a fitball strengthen the abdominal and back muscles and improve the child’s breathing
Treatment of inflammatory processes in the bronchi is complex. You can’t do without medications, but you shouldn’t forget about such additional measures as massage, breathing exercises and physical therapy. They do not require financial costs, are carried out at home and significantly speed up the child’s recovery. However, independent prescription of these procedures is excluded; only a doctor will be able to competently design a course of therapy taking into account the characteristics of the child’s health.
Breathing exercises are specially designed exercises for the development of the respiratory system and are aimed at strengthening health and improving overall health. physical condition child.
The basis of this complex is the correct and systematic implementation by the child special gymnastics superficial, slow, full breathing and artificial obstruction and delay.
Breathing exercises are performed by preschool children in a calm state or with the help of elements of movement or play. The most popular are the exercises of the respiratory system developed by A. N. Strelnikova and K. P. Buteyko. Their implementation is aimed at achieving the following goals:
- Saturation of oxygen to all cells of the body.
- Learn to manage yourself and your psychological state by mastering the complex gymnastic exercises on management and control of breathing.
- Improve health and general well-being by increasing the functioning of the digestive system, cardiac system and heart.
- Preventive measures on diseases of the respiratory system.
Breathing exercises are suitable for children aged 2 years and older who often suffer from viral or colds, lung diseases, bronchial asthma or have problems with the respiratory system. The right choice exercise will help relieve the symptoms of the current illness, reduce the period of illness and the development of complications in the future. It is better if the attending physician selects it.
Before you start doing the exercises, it is important to familiarize yourself with the rules for conducting classes for preschool children:
- Classes are conducted in “breathable” clothing at a temperature in the room or outside from 17 to 20.
- Before conducting a lesson, we ventilate the room in which it will be held.
- To obtain the greatest effect, exercises are performed 2 times a day for 15–30 minutes.
- In order to make it more interesting for children to carry out activities, they conduct them in the form of a game, so it will be more effective and will not get boring.
- Exercises should have simple and childish names.
- You can use children's toys for this activity.
- An open room or street is suitable for conducting classes.
- The exercises begin with simple ones, gradually becoming more complex and increasing in the number of repetitions.
- Only systematic exercise will lead to the desired result.
Lie on your back, both hands are placed on your stomach. Now let’s turn on our imagination and imagine that instead of our belly we have a ball. We fill it with air through the nose, inhaling slowly. Then, holding our breath, we blow out the air, exhaling through the mouth.
The child imagines himself as a fish in the sea and, while diving, holds his breath in order to stay under water as long as possible. Breathing is held for the maximum possible time, starting with small intervals and gradually increasing the time.
Exercises to train the respiratory system for children from 5 to 7 years old
"Flower and Dandelion"
While standing, the child inhales through his nose, imagining that he is smelling a fragrant flower, then exhales air through his mouth onto the dandelion.
"Cheerful Hamster"
For this exercise, the child imagines himself as a hamster, filling his cheeks with air. Then he releases air with a light clap on his cheeks and sniffs his nose several times, looking for new food.
"Dragon"
The child breathes through each nostril in turn, imagining himself as a fire-breathing dragon, while pinching each nostril with his finger.
Breathing method of A. N. Strelnikova
This method appeared in the 70s to treat people suffering from asthma. It consists of 14 physical and breathing exercises based on inhalation. The chest is compressed due to bending and turning. Body movements and inhalation should be simultaneous. These activities are suitable for children aged 3 years and older.
- We stand straight, hands down. Inhaling, we clench our hands into fists, then take 4 loud and small breaths and exhale. Repeat the exercise many times with short breaks.
- We stand straight, hands in fists. Inhaling, we unclench our hands and repeat the exercise 8 times with a short break.
- Bend with a stick from side to side, leaning on it. Inhale - tilt in one direction, exhale, straighten up, inhale again - tilt in the other direction, exhale, straighten up.
All the described exercises aimed at developing the respiratory system are carried out using the diaphragm and intercostal muscles. The diaphragm helps to obtain the necessary pressure in the chest and abdominal cavity. At correct execution exercises that take place in the form of a game affect 4 types of breathing:
- Lower. The exercise involves the diaphragm. The lower and middle parts of the lungs are saturated with air.
- Average. The exercise involves the intercostal muscles, expanding the chest.
- Upper. The chest is motionless. Thanks to the movement of the shoulders and collarbone, the air is saturated upper part lungs.
- Mixed. Air passes to all parts of the lungs.
Development of speech breathing in children from 2 years old
Speech is an air flow of sounds formed in the speech apparatus using breathing or an air stream. The development of speech breathing contributes to the formation of sounds, the creation of clear and expressive speech, and correct pronunciation. The speech therapist determines the level of speech breathing development in preschool age. It will help you understand the correct development of breathing and the placement of pauses in a child during a conversation or game.
Poorly developed breathing in preschoolers is associated with health, an inactive lifestyle and exacerbation of chronic diseases of the respiratory system. Improper speech breathing is expressed in irrational use of air during a conversation, incorrect use of exhalation and inhalation. All this negatively affects the production and development of speech in young children and most often occurs due to parents’ inattention to this problem or improper upbringing.
In preschoolers poor development when inhaling or exhaling, speech is quiet. When pronouncing long sentences, problems arise and the fluency of spoken speech is disrupted. This occurs due to the lack of air, which they must replenish in the middle of a sentence.
Also, if there is a problem with the development of speech breathing in children from 2 years of age, words are not completed when speaking, and therefore they can switch to a whisper. You have to pronounce a long sentence while inhaling. This makes speech sound hesitant, fast, without pauses, as if choking.
A special exhalation exercise performed in the form of a game will help develop speech breathing in a child. Therefore, the main task of the exercises is to form the correct exhalation through the mouth.
Elements of performing correct speech breathing of a child through exhalation:
- Through a small but strong breath through the nose, you can understand and appreciate how the child’s diaphragm expands;
- The exhalation should be smooth and even, the mouth should be shaped like an “O”;
- Exhale only through the mouth, never through the nose;
- The exhalation should be complete with a pause of several minutes.
The following steps will help develop speech breathing in children of any age through exhalation training: special exercises in the form of a game. They consist of elements that charge the respiratory system and articulation exercises. Doing gymnastics can become boring or boring for a child. Following these rules will help you avoid this.
Lessons are held daily, starting from 3 minutes for little ones and gradually increasing to 7 minutes for preschoolers. They should go away an hour after eating. Outdoors if the weather is warm or in a ventilated room in the form of a game.
Exercises - games aimed at developing exhalation
"Happy Snowflakes"
We hang paper snowflakes or colored strips on threads in front of the child’s face (at a distance of 10 cm), and invite him to blow on them. He should do this while standing and only while exhaling. Then we complicate the task by moving the threads further away.
"Sports markers"
We are organizing a marker competition. Several children or parents with children can take part in the exercise. We place two different colored felt-tip pens on the table, having determined the finish line, and each blow on its own felt-tip pen. The first one to reach the finish line wins.
"Holiday"
We are organizing a birthday party for your favorite toy. To do this, we set the festive table from children's or real dishes, seat the guests with toys at it and bring dessert with candles. The child should blow out the candle while exhaling, using a large amount of air. It may not work out the first time; it is advisable to repeat the exercise several times.
"Airplane"
Several children can participate in the game. We fold paper airplanes and place them on the table. On command, the children blow hard on them, releasing maximum quantity air. The winner is the one whose airplane flies farthest.
Breathing training using speech material
Having mastered correct exhalation, the child must learn to perform tasks for the development of speech breathing.
- Learn the correct pronunciation of syllables and sounds. This will require constant pronunciation of syllables and vowel sounds in one exhalation.
- Learn little poems. Small quatrain poems are better suited for developing breathing. When pronouncing them, we pay attention to the combination of inhalation and exhalation received by the child while reciting the verse.
There are also special games containing exercises for the respiratory system and speech production, suitable for any age.
"Pendulum"
Starting position – stand straight, legs spread, hands clasped up. We take a deep breath, lean to the side, exit - say “Boom.” We draw the last letter.
"Driving"
The starting position is the same, hands in front are clenched into fists. We inhale - we twist our fists like on a steering wheel, exhale - we say “rrrr”.
The child kneels, arms along the body. We inhale - we spread our hands, exhale - we bring them together and clap our hands, saying “Clap”.
This set of exercises, carried out in the form of a game, is suitable for children from 2 years of age and preschool age. They need to be done 6-8 times daily.
Today, there is a situation of large-scale deviations in speech development in young children and preschoolers. It is considered normal for children to not talk 3 summer age. This is completely wrong. It is necessary to start classes on correct pronunciation as early as possible, since the presence of this problem can affect your future studies at school.
Well-developed speech breathing, with the help of exercises, will help develop the pronunciation of sounds and syllables, which will later turn into clear and understandable words. Therefore, it is very important to conduct breathing exercises for children from an early age or those just beginning to pronounce words and phrases, to prevent speech defects in the future.
