Olympic Games - 2012. London (Great Britain)
| The games were held from July 27 to August 12, 2012. London became the first city to host the Games for the third time. Number of participating countries 204. Number of athletes 10,957. The games were opened by Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain. The IOC decided to exclude baseball and softball from the program of these Games, but for the first time allowed women to take part in boxing. In total, the competitions were held in 26 sports and 39 sports disciplines. Summer swimming competition Olympic Games 2012 was held from 28 July to 10 August at the London Aquatics Center, purpose-built for the Games, and at Hyde Park on the Serpentine. 34 sets of awards were played (17 for men and women), of which 32 - in swimming in the pool and 2 - in swimming in open water. |
At the London Games, American swimmer Michael Phelps, having added 4 gold and 2 silver medals to his piggy bank, became the only 18-time Olympic champion in the history of sports. Having won a total of 22 Olympic medals, he broke the medal record of the Soviet gymnast Larisa Latynina (18 Olympic medals), which lasted 48 years.
For the first time, an athlete successfully performed in competitions in the pool and in open water. They became the Tunisian Osama Mellouli, who won a bronze medal in the pool at a distance of 1500 m and became the Olympic champion, participating in a 10 km marathon swim.
At the London Olympics Russian athletes V swimming pool won four awards. Two silver medals were won by Anastasia Zueva in the 200m backstroke and Evgeny Korotyshkin in the 100m butterfly, who was second only to Michael Phelps. Yulia Efimova won two bronze medals in the 200m breaststroke and the men's 4x100m freestyle relay (Andrey Grechin, Sergey Fesikov, Danila Izotov, Vladimir Morozov, Evgeny Lagunov and Nikita Lobintsev).
Yulia Efimova set a Russian and European record in the 200m breaststroke - 2:20.92. The national records for Veronika Popova in the 200m freestyle - 1.56.84, and the women's team of Anastasia Zueva, Yulia Efimova, Irina Bespalova and Veronika Popova in the 4x100m medley relay - 3.56.03 were conquered.
Medals of the Russian national swimming team,
won at the Games of the XXX Olympiad in 2012 in London (0-2-2):
Olympic Games - 2008. Beijing (China)
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11,099 athletes from 204 countries of the world took part in the Games of the XXIX Olympiad, held in the capital of China. 302 sets of awards were played in 28 sports. Most of the swimming competitions were held in the Beijing National Aquatic Center specially built for the Games. Only open water swims were held at Shunyi Olympic Rowing Park. The swimming program at the Beijing Games has been expanded. It included open water swimming ( marathon distance 10 km). The total number of reward sets being played has increased to 34: Freestyle: 50m, 100m, 200m, 400m, 800m (women) |
won at the Games of the XXIX Olympiad in 2008 in Beijing (1-1-2):
Olympic Games - 2004. Athens (Greece)
Medals of the Russian swimming team,
won at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in 2004 in Athens (0-1-0):
Olympic Games - 2000. Sydney (Australia)
Medals of the Russian swimming team,
won at the Games of the XXVII Olympiad 2000 in Sydney (0-1-1):
Olympic Games - 1996. Atlanta (USA)
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10,500 athletes from 197 countries of the world gathered for the Games of the XXVI Olympiad. 271 sets of medals were played in 26 sports. The games were held in the year of the celebration of the centenary of the modern Olympics. Softball, beach volleyball, mountain biking, women's football and light crew races in rowing. The largest number of gold medals, four, was won by the American swimmer Amy Van Dyken. She won the 50m freestyle, 100m butterfly; and also competed in the 4x100 freestyle relay and medley relay. Russian swimmer Alexander Popov won the 50m and 100m freestyle for the second consecutive Games. The swimming competition was held at the Georgia Tech Swimming Complex. |
Medals of the Russian swimming team,
won at the Games of the XXVI Olympiad in 1996 in Atlanta (4-2-2):
Olympic Games - 1992. Barcelona (Spain)
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9356 athletes from 172 countries of the world took part in the Games of the XXV Olympiad. When awarding the relay team, the IOC flag was raised with Olympic rings and sounded "Ode to Joy" from the Ninth Symphony by Ludwig van Beethoven. A similar procedure was used when awarding the athletes of the united German team at the games in 1956, 1960 and 1964. So, when Alexander Popov and Yevgeny Sadovy were awarded, the Russian anthem sounded, Elena Rudkovskaya - Belarusian, and the CIS relay team - "Ode to Joy". |
United Swimming Team Medals,
won at the Games of the XXV Olympiad in 1992 in Barcelona (6-3-1):
| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|
|
Elena Rudkovskaya 100 m breaststroke (1.08.00) Alexander Popov 50 m/s (21.91) Alexander Popov 100 m/s (49.02) Evgeny Sadovy 200 m/s (1.46.70) Evgeny Sadovy 400 m/s (3.45.00) Relay 4x200 m/s (7.11.95) WR Dmitry Lepikov, |
Vladimir Selkov 200 m backstroke (1.58.87) Relay 4x100 m high speed (3.17.56) Pavlo Khnykin, Relay 4x100 m combo. (3.38.56) Vladimir Selkov, |
Relay 4x100 m combo. (4.06.44) Nina Zhivanevskaya, |
Olympic Games - 1988. Seoul (South Korea)
 |
9414 athletes from 160 countries of the world participated in the Games of the XXIV Olympiad. The USSR team missed the 1984 Games in Los Angeles due to a political boycott. Therefore, at the Seoul Olympics, Soviet athletes were faced with the task of proving that they, as before, are trendsetters in world sports. The USSR national team took first place in the team event, winning 132 medals, including 55 gold, 31 silver and 46 bronze. Football team Soviet athletes won the Olympic Games for the first time. The performance of Canadian runner Ben Johnson became scandalous - he was disqualified for doping and he was forced to return gold medal. |
won at the Games of the XXIV Olympiad in 1988 in Seoul (2-2-5):
Olympic Games - 1984. Los Angeles (USA)
 |
Responding with a mutual boycott, the USSR and most of the socialist countries (except China, Romania, Yugoslavia) refused to come to the Games of the XXIII Olympiad. The USSR, meanwhile, held its own alternative competition - "Friendship-84". 6797 athletes from 140 countries took part in the Olympic Games. Played 221 sets of medals in 23 sports. The main hero of the Games was the American runner Carl Lewis - who won 4 gold medals. On the eve of the Olympic Games, world records in swimming in Olympic program(29 distances, 15 for men and 14 for women) belonged to the swimmers of the GDR - 10, the USA - 9, the FRG - 3, the USSR - 3, Canada and Australia - 2 each. |
Olympic Games - 1980. Moscow (USSR)
 |
5217 athletes came to the Games of the XXII Olympiad in Moscow. Some types of competitions were held in other cities of the USSR. In Tallinn - sailing regattas; in Kyiv, Leningrad and Minsk - a preliminary football tournament. During the preparation for the Olympic Games, new sports facilities were built and reconstructed: sports complex"Olympic"; Terminal No. 2 of Sheremetyevo Airport; Olimpic village; rowing channel and cycle track "Krylatskoye"; equestrian sports complex in Bitsa; hotel Cosmos; reconstruction of the Lenin Central Stadium; new building of the Ostankino television center. For the promotion of the Olympic Games and receiving additional funds for the organization of competitions, issued: various souvenirs, badges, sports literature, postal envelopes, a series sports brands, posters were hung out, Olympic lotteries were held. July 19, 1980 - about 17,000 people participated in the festive opening ceremony of the Games. The Olympic flame was lit Soviet basketball player Sergei Belov. |
From the information board, the Soviet cosmonauts greeted the Olympians and wished them happy starts.
203 medals were awarded in 23 sports.
80 countries participated in the Moscow Games. But, some countries did not come (athletes from the USA, Canada, Turkey, South Korea), arranging a boycott associated with political confrontation. But despite the boycott, sports holiday took place!
At the closing ceremony - a huge bear, to the sound of the song "Goodbye, Moscow!" (poet Nikolai Dobronravov and composer Alexandra Pakhmutova), climbed balloons over the Olympic stadium "Luzhniki", in parting, waving his paw. It was an unforgettable spectacle and tears shone in the eyes of the audience.
Sports meetings of swimmers at the Moscow Olympic Games were held in the new Olympic swimming pool, built on Prospekt Mir.
New pool fell in love with swimmers from different countries. Athletes and their coaches called him speedy.
It is no coincidence that during the days of the Olympic competitions, athletes updated 238 national records in swimming, including 10 world and 22 Olympic. More than 300 athletes participated in competitions in 26 types of swimming (13 for men and the same number for women). Compared to the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal, the competition program has not changed. For the second time in a row, the men's 4x100m freestyle relay was missing from the swimming program. 333 athletes from 41 countries took part in the competition.
The swimmers from the GDR were the most successful, they won almost half of all the gold medals played - 12, and in the women's part of the program the Germans won 11 out of 13 events, and in 6 out of 11 events individual program swimmers of the GDR occupied the entire pedestal. Soviet swimmers won 22 medals, 8 of which were gold. Compared to the Games in Montreal, Soviet athletes performed much more successfully, then they had 9 awards on their account, only one of which was gold. Only in one type of program out of 26 there was not a single representative of the GDR or the USSR on the podium of the Moscow Games - the 200-meter backstroke for men. In total, representatives of 11 countries won awards, and 6 of them won at least one gold.
The hero of the Games was the 20-year-old Soviet swimmer Vladimir Salnikov, who won 3 gold - 400 and 1500 m freestyle, as well as in the 4x200 m freestyle relay. At the same time, at a distance of 1500 meters, Salnikov set a world record, becoming the first in history to swim this distance faster than 15 minutes - 14 minutes 58.27 seconds. The silver medalist was behind Vladimir by more than 16 seconds.
Among women, 16-year-old German Ines Diers distinguished herself, she won medals in all types of freestyle swimming, including the 4x100 m relay. Germans Barbara Krause, Rika Reinisch and Karen Mechuk won 3 gold each (she also won one silver).
Following the results of the Games in Moscow, new world records were set at 7 distances:
in addition to the already mentioned achievement of Salnikov, 6 more records were set by German swimmers. 17-year-old Petra Schneider won gold in the world record 400m individual medley, more than 10.5 seconds ahead of the silver medalist. Schneider's time would have allowed her to win gold at this distance at the next 4 Olympic Games until 1996.
Subsequently, it turned out that German swimmers, like other athletes from the GDR, took anabolic steroid based on testosterone, but then the doping services did not reveal this, and all the medals of the Moscow Games remained with their owners. 3-fold Olympic champion 15-year-old Rika Reinish ended her sports career a year after the Moscow Games, as her mother feared for her daughter's health.
Medals of the USSR national swimming team,
won at the Games of the XXII Olympiad in 1980 in Moscow (8-9-5):
| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|
|
Sergey Koplyakov 200 m/s (1.49.81) OR Vladimir Salnikov 400 m/s (3.51.31) OR Vladimir Salnikov 1500 m/s (14.58.27) WR Robertas Zulpa 200 m breaststroke (2.15.8) Sergey Fesenko 200 m bt. (1.59.76) Alexander Sidorenko 400 m complex (4.22.89) OR Lina Kachushite 200m breaststroke (2.29.54) OR Relay 4x200 m/s (7.23.50) Sergey Koplyakov, |
Andrey Krylov 200 m/s (1.50.76) Andrey Krylov 400 m/s (3.53.24) Alexander Chaev 1500 m/s (15.14.30) Viktor Kuznetsov 100m backstroke (56.99) Arsen Misrakov 100 m breaststroke (1.03.82) Sergey Fesenko 400 m complex (4.23.43) Elvira Vasilkova 100 m breaststroke (1.10.41) Svetlana Varganova 200 m breaststroke (2.29.61) Relay 4x100 m combo. (3.45.92) Victor Kuznetsov, |
Ivar Stukolkin 400 m/s (1.53.95) Vladimir Dolgov 100 m backstroke (57.63) Arsen Misrakov 200 m breaststroke (2.17.28) Julia Bogdanova 200 m breaststroke (2.32.39) Relay 4x100 m combo. (4.13.61) Elena Kruglova, |
Olympic Games - 1976. Montreal (Canada)
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At the Games of the XXI Olympiad, the Olympic flame was delivered to the stadium by satellite. Athletes from 92 countries came to Montreal - 6028 athletes. Soviet athletes take first place in the team standings. 125 medals were won, including 49 gold, 41 silver and 35 bronze. 198 sets of medals were played in 21 sports. For the first time, basketball was included in the program of the Games, in which Soviet athletes won, becoming champions. Olympic competitions were held in 26 types of swimming (13 among men and the same number among women) - 3 less than in Mexico City and Munich (due to the exclusion of men and women from the 200 m medley and the men's 4x100 m relay). Thus, for the first time in the history of the Games women's program turned out to be equal in the number of distances to men, thereby ending the inequality that had lasted for more than 60 years. |
For 7 days of competition, 77 new Olympic records were set (women - 40, men - 37), 29 world records (women - 11, men - 18), 25 European records (women - 11, men - 14) and 30 USSR records (women - 19, men - 11). Olympic records were updated at 25 distances (except for the 100 m butterfly for men, where the world and Olympic record set in Munich by American Mark Spitz remained unbeaten - 54.27). Of the 77 new Olympic records, swimmers from the USA hold 33, the GDR - 23, the USSR - 7 (Marina Kosheva - 2, Tamara Shelofastova, Andrey Bogdanov, Andrey Krylov, Arvydas Juozaitis, Vladimir Raskatov and the national team in the 4x200 m relay - 1 each ), Canada - 5, Great Britain - 3, Holland - 2, New Zealand, Brazil, Hungary and Germany - 1 each.
World records were registered in 22 types of swimming (except for 200 m butterfly, 100 and 200 m backstroke for women, 100 m butterfly for men. In the 100 m butterfly for women, the world record was repeated, which, according to FINA rules, is considered to be the setting of a world record ); 18 of them were installed by US swimmers, 9 - by the GDR, 1 each - by Great Britain and the USSR. Of the 25 European records, 11 are at the same time world records. European records were set by: swimmers from the GDR - 11, the USSR - 9, the FRG - 3, Great Britain - 2.
The Soviet team that participated in the Olympic swimming competitions in Montreal included 31 athletes (11 women and 20 men) - 7 more than at the Munich Olympics. The 1976 Olympic team included 2 veterans - participants in the previous two (XIX and XX) Olympiads: Honored Masters of Sports of the USSR Vladimir Bure and Nikolai Pankin. The remaining 29 swimmers entered the national team after the Munich Olympics and participated in Olympic competitions for the first time. Of these, 7 people (Lyubov Kobzova, Natalya Popova, Lyubov Rusanova, Tamara Shelofastova, Vladimir Mikheev, Valentin Parinov and Andrey Smirnov) were included in the 1973 national team and were participants in the 1st World Swimming Championship in Belgrade. The swimmers listed above and 9 more (Irina Vlasova, Marina Klyuchnikova, Nadezhda Stavko, Claudia Studennikova, Marina Yurchenya, Andrey Bogdanov, Andrey Krylov, Alexander Manachinsky and Igor Omelchenko) participated in the summer of 1975 in the second world swimming championship (in Cali). Finally, 13 swimmers (Marina Koshevaya, Larisa Tsareva, Mikhail Gorelik, Vladimir Dementiev, S. Mikolutsky, Vladimir Raskatov, Vladimir Salnikov, Evgeny Serednin, Anatoly Smirnov and Arvydas Juozaitis) first entered the national team in 1976. The youngest were in the team Marina Koshevaya and Vladimir Salnikov (16 years old each), the oldest - Lyubov Rusanova (22 years old) and Nikolai Pankin (27 years old).
In total, swimmers from 6 republics and 15 cities were included in the Soviet Olympic team: the RSFSR - 19 (Moscow - 9, Leningrad - 8, Krasnodar and Lipetsk - 1 each); Ukraine - 6 (Kharkov - 2, Odessa, Dnepropetrovsk, Zaporozhye and Kyiv - 1 each); Belarus - 2 (Minsk and Mogilev), Georgia - 2 (Tbilisi and Batumi); Lithuania - 1 (Vilnius); Latvia - 1 (Riga).
In 1976, under the leadership of Sergei Vaitsekhovsky, our swimmers took 3rd place in the team standings, ahead of the US teams and the GDR team.
Medals of the USSR national swimming team,
won at the Games of the XXI Olympiad in 1976 in Montreal (1-3-5):
Olympic Games - 1972. Munich (Germany)
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At the Games of the XX Olympiad, Soviet athletes again take first place in the team event, having won 99 medals. Among which 50 gold, 27 silver, 22 bronze. Valery Borzov won the 100 and 200 meters, thus breaking the monopoly of victories for American athletes. Alexander Medved became a three-time Olympic champion in freestyle wrestling. An excellent performance in freestyle wrestling was also shown by another Soviet athlete Ivan Yarygin. The record holder for the number of gold medals in the history of the Olympics was the American swimmer Mark Spitz. The XX Olympiad left tragic memories in history - a terrorist act. But, despite attempts to disrupt the competition, at a meeting of the IOC, it was decided to continue the Olympic Games. The continuation of the Games made it possible to see new sports achivments, records and victories. |
551 swimmers (297 men and 254 women) from 51 countries participated in Munich. The Soviet Union was represented at the Games of the XX Olympiad by 26 strongest swimmers (14 athletes and 12 athletes). For the third time, Galina Prozumenshchikova-Stepanova, Vladimir Kosinsky and Viktor Mazanov participated in the Olympic Games, the second time - Vladimir Bure, Georgy Kulikov, Nikolai Pankin, Viktor Sharygin and Tinatin Lekveishvili. Igor Grivennikov (Moscow), Alexander Samsonov (Moscow region), Viktor Aboimov (Karaganda), Tatyana Zolotnitskaya (Novosibirsk), Elena Timoshenko, Nadezhda Matyukhina and Olga Petruseva (all from Moscow), breaststroke Igor Cherdakov, Viktor Stulikov (both from Leningrad), Tatyana Prudnikova (Lvov) and Lyudmila Porubaiko (Krasnodar), butterfly players Vladimir Krivtsov (Baku) and Irina Ustimenko (Donetsk), USSR champion in backstroke Natalya Ershova (Minsk), representatives of integrated swimming Mikhail Sukharev (Astrakhan), Valentin Partyka (Donetsk), Nina Petrova (Moscow) and Birute Uzhkuraitite (Kaunas).
A.P. Murysev was the head of the swimmers team, K.A. Inyasevsky was the head coach, V.V. Bure, N.I. Ustimenko and M.G. Tatishvili were the coaches.
All Olympic swims were held on 50-meter waterways indoor pool, specially built in Munich for the Games of the XX Olympiad. There were five baths, two of which (located in front of the stands for 10 thousand spectators) were intended for swimming, water polo and diving competitions, and three for training and warm-ups.
All the pools were technically well equipped: the water was automatically heated to the required temperature and cleaned; Drainage boards, common for most sports pools, were absent and instead of them, gentle “shores” were arranged, which perfectly dampened the wave; dividing paths of the pool were removed automatically in the basement; when the start was disrupted, the transverse cord, designed to stop the swimmers, was lowered into the water by pressing a button. The most remarkable technical improvement of the Olympic pool was the electronic television installation of the Longines system, which controlled the entire course wrestling on the water lanes (including the order in which swimmers come to the finish line), which recorded on a large scoreboard all 8 results shown in the swim. If the chief arbiter or members of the appeal jury had any doubts about the correctness of the finish or turn made by the swimmers, a videotape was immediately viewed on the television screen. Thanks to this technology Olympic competitions for the first time were held without judges-timekeepers and judges at the finish line, which allowed almost 3 times (compared to previous Olympiads) to reduce the number of judges.
In Munich, records were updated: 30 world records (2 times more than in Tokyo, and 5 times more than in Mexico City), 79 Olympic and 313 national (including 14 - the USSR).
In the overall standings, our swimmers took 4th place, leaving behind the teams of the USA, Australia and the growing team of the GDR.
Medals of the USSR national swimming team,
won at the Games of the XX Olympiad in 1972 in Munich (0-2-3):
Olympic Games - 1968. Mexico City (Mexico)
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5530 athletes from 112 countries gathered in Mexico City for the Games of the XIX Olympiad. One of the youngest Olympic champions was a 15-year-old gymnast from the USSR - Lyubov Burda. The winners in the running program, American black athletes Tommy Smith and John Carlos, raised their hands in black gloves during the awards ceremony, as they protested against racism. Played at the Olympics 172 sets of medals. 478 swimmers (269 men and 209 women) from 52 countries participated in Mexico City. The most numerous were the teams of the USA - 52 swimmers, the USSR - 32, East Germany and Mexico - 27 each, Germany - 25, Australia and Great Britain - 24 each, Japan - 21, Hungary - 18, Holland - 17, Canada, France and Sweden - each 16, El Salvador - 14 and Spain - 13. The Games of the XIX Olympiad were held in the middle mountains, at an altitude of more than 2200 m above sea level. Soviet swimmers were preparing for the Olympic starts and held qualifying championship countries in Tsakhkadzor (about the same height as in Mexico City). |
The 1968 Olympic team included 32 swimmers, including 10 participants in the previous Olympiad: Valentin Kuzmin, Semyon Belits-Geiman, Vladimir Kosinsky, Vladimir Nemshilov, Viktor Mazanov, Galina Prozumenshchikova, Svetlana Babanina, Tatyana Devyatova, Natalya Ustinova and Tatyana Savelyeva . Two-thirds of the team were debutants of the Olympic Games: crawlers Leonid Ilyichev, Vladimir Bure, Sergey Gusev (all from Moscow), Georgy Kulikov (Khabarovsk), Akhmed Anarbaev (Frunze), Evgeny Spiridonov (Leningrad), Lydia Grebets (Poltava), 3rd Dus ( Lugansk) and Tamara Sosnova (Moscow); young breaststrokers Yevgeny Mikhailov (Poltava), I. Marchukov (Smolensk), Nikolai Pankin and Alla Grebennikova (both from Moscow); butterfly players Yuri Suzdaltsev (Astrakhan), Sergey Konov (Tashkent) and Viktor Sharygin (Moscow); Tinatin Lekveishvili, 14-year-old national record holder among girls in backstroke (Tbilisi); European champion in 200m backstroke Yuriy Gromak (Lviv); the then rapidly progressing 16-year-old backstroke athlete Leonid Dobroskokin (Volgograd); representatives of integrated swimming Andrei Dunaev, Vladimir Kravchenko (both from Moscow) and Larisa Zakharova (Perm). The head of the swimmers team was Zakhary Pavlovich Firsov, his deputy was the Honored Master of Sports of the USSR N. M. Kryukov, the head coach was A. A. Korneev, the coaches were B. P. Ananiev, V. V. Bure and E. L. Alekseenko.
In the overall standings, our swimmers took 3rd place, only ahead of the US and Australian teams.
Medals of the USSR national swimming team,
won at the Games of the XIX Olympiad in 1968 in Mexico City (0-4-4):
Olympic Games - 1964. Tokyo (Japan)
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The Olympic Games are being held in the East for the first time. 5140 athletes from 93 countries participated in Tokyo. At the Games of the XVIII Olympiad, 163 sets were played in 19 sports. The 19-year-old Yoshinori Sakai carried the Olympic flame and became a symbol of life that rebelled against atomic death. 422 swimmers (255 athletes and 167 athletes) arrived in Tokyo, representing 41 countries. The competitions were held in a specially constructed indoor Olympic pool with two central baths (one - 50 meters long for swimming and final games in water polo, the other - for diving), a warm-up pool and stands that could accommodate about 12 thousand spectators. |
The results of the Tokyo swimmers competition significantly exceeded the level of achievements of the participants in Rome, testifying to the great progress of the world sports swimming. If in Rome Olympic records were updated 30 times, and the world ones - 7, then in Tokyo they were installed almost 2 times more, respectively 55 and 14.
IN Soviet team swimmers included 21 people (13 men and 8 women), of which only two participants in the Games in Rome: Valentin Kuzmin and Georgy Prokopenko, who became European champions in 1962, two world record holders in breaststroke swimming: Sevastopol schoolgirl Galina Prozumenshchikova (200 m - 2.45 ,4) and a student from Tashkent Svetlana Babanina (100 m - 1.17.2). In addition, rabbits Vladimir Shuvalov, Yuri Sumtsov, Semyon Belits-Geiman, Evgeny Novikov and Alexander Paramonov (all from Moscow), Vladimir Berezin and Viktor Semchenkov (both from the Moscow region), Natalya Bystrova, Natalya Mikhailova ( both - Moscow) and Natalya Ustinova (Tashkent); breaststroke Alexander Tutakaev (Tbilisi) and Vladimir Kosinsky (Vorkuta, Leningrad); butterfly players Oleg Fotin (Moscow), Tatyana Devyatova (Kharkov) and Valentina Yakovleva (Lviv); backstroke representatives Viktor Mazanov (Moscow) and Tatyana Savelyeva (Leningrad). The leader of the swimmers team was Zakhary Pavlovich Firsov, the head coach was Kirill Aleksandrovich Inyasevsky.
These Games became a turning point in our swimming, it was from that moment that our team broke into the elite of the world swimming and began to compete on equal terms with the recognized grandees of the world swimming.
Medals of the USSR national swimming team,
won at the Games of the XVIII Olympiad in 1964 in Tokyo (1-1-2):
The next FINA Congress took place in Tokyo, which considered and approved a number of significant additions to its Charter and Rules. At the suggestion of the United States, Japan and Great Britain, by a majority of votes (representatives of the socialist countries voted against), it was decided to expand the program of Olympic competitions from 18 to 29 numbers and to increase the number of the Olympic team of one country to 68 athletes. This decision gave the strongest countries in swimming (such as the USA) additional opportunities to receive Olympic awards. Small countries (and most of them are members of FINA) did not receive any advantages.
Congress has elected a new president of FINA - a lawyer from Sydney (Australia) Bertil Phillips. The Soviet representative 3. P. Firsov was again elected to the FINA bureau. All three FINA committees (swimming, diving and water polo) included Soviet representatives - K. A. Inyasevsky, G. A. Burov and A. Yu. Kistyakovsky.
By many parameters the number of participating countries, athletes, coaches, officials and media representatives over 20,000 people played awards 237 sets of medals, the number of security services more than 120 thousand people, and, finally, in terms of the number of viewers who watched competitions over 3 billion people in 139 countries, The Games in Seoul were a record.
The team won a convincing victory Soviet Union, which won 55 gold, 31 silver and 46 bronze medals, leaving behind the teams of the GDR and the USA.
The title of the strongest gymnasts on the planet was confirmed by Soviet athletes Elena Shushunova and Vladimir Artemov. They were supported by teammates 11 gold medals out of 14 went to Soviet athletes.
Sports longevity was demonstrated by Vladimir Salnikov, again, like 8 years ago in Moscow, he won a victory in swimming.
After a 32-year break, gold medals in football went to the USSR national team,
In the final, the team coached by Anatoly Byshovets defeated Brazil 2:1. Goals against the opponents were scored by Igor Dobrovolsky and Yuri Savichev. The Brazilian included future world champions Bebeto and Taffarel.
After a 16-year break, Soviet basketball players again climbed to the highest step of the podium.
They were led to victory by the honored coach Alexander Gomelsky, “Papa”.
In a tense final match with the Peru national team, Soviet volleyball players also pulled out a victory.
GDR athletes, as in the 1976 Games, again managed to get ahead of the US team: 102 medals 37 gold, 35 silver, 30 bronze. They achieved the greatest success in swimming 11 gold medals, in rowing 8, in athletics 6. Among the heroes of the Olympics is Christina Otto from East Germany, who won 6 gold medals in swimming.
This is a kind of record for women's Olympic sports.
According to experts, in athletics, rowing and canoeing, as well as in swimming, the athletes of the GDR should have won another 6-8 medals. A number of experts attribute this disruption to the fact that the GDR athletes were forced to violate the system of pharmacological support for training, fearing doping control, which at the Games in Seoul was carried out much more effectively than at all previous competitions.
Here is one of the most famous doping cases. September 24, 1988 on Olympic Stadium Seoul Ben Johnson, a 26-year-old Jamaican with a Canadian passport, stuns the world with a 100m time of 9.79 seconds. To the title of world champion, he adds the title Olympic winner and world record holder. Two days later the same sports world stunned by other news: Johnson was caught doping, deprived of Olympic gold, and at the same time two of his world records.
The Canadian himself still assures everyone that he is not guilty, and envious competitors from the USA are to blame for everything. But in the early 90s, Johnson was again caught doping and this time banned for life.
On October 1, 1988, in Olympic Seoul, 29-year-old Los Angeles runner Florence Griffith-Joyner won her third gold medal at these Games and was proclaimed the "queen of the sprint." The owner of long painted nails did not allow anyone to overtake her in the 100-meter race (10.54 - an unaccounted world record due to the tailwind exceeding the norm), at twice the distance (21.34 - the world record) and in the 4 x 100 meters relay. In an attempt to win a fourth gold medal, she also participated in the 4 x 400 meters relay, but achieved only silver (the USSR team became the first).
Griffith-Joyner has not escaped allegations of doping. On September 21, 1998, she died suddenly at the age of 39, and her enemies attribute this to the fact that she used illicit drugs unknown at that time.
At the Games in Seoul, a kind of record was registered in women's Olympic sports: a fencer from Sweden, Kerstin Palm, took part in the Olympic tournament for the seventh time since 1964.
ALL MEDALS OF THE USSR TEAM AT THE GAMES-1988
Gold medals (55)
Igor Dobrovolsky, Sergey Gorlukovich, Alexander Borodyuk, Gela Ketashvili, Viktor Losev, Evgeny Kuznetsov, Vladimir Lyuty, Arminas Narbekovas, Alexey Mikhailichenko, Igor Ponomarev, Oleg Protasov, Yuri Savichev, Igor Sklyarov, Vladimir Tatarchuk, Dmitry Kharin, Sergey Fokin, Alexey Cherednik , Arvydas Janonis, Evgeny Yarovenko (football)
Vladimir Aptsiauri, Anvar Ibragimov, Boris Koretsky, Ilgar Mammadov, Alexander Romankov (fencing, foil, team championship)
Oksen Mirzoyan (weightlifting, category up to 56 kg)
Israil Arsamaskov (weightlifting, category up to 82.5 kg)
Anatoly Khrapaty (weightlifting, category up to 90 kg)
Pavel Kuznetsov (weightlifting, category up to 100 kg)
Yuri Zakharevich (weightlifting, category up to 110 kg)
Alexander Kurlovich (weightlifting, category over 110 kg)
Afanasy Kuzmin (shooting, small-caliber self-loading pistol)
Dmitry Monakov (shooting, trench stand)
Nino Sulakvadze (shooting, sports pistol)
Irina Shilova (shooting, air rifle)
Vladimir Salnikov (swimming, 1500 m, freestyle)
Igor Polyansky (swimming, 100m, backstroke)
Viktor Bryzgin, Vladimir Krylov, Vladimir Muravyov, Vitaly Savin ( Athletics, relay race 4x100 m)
Vyacheslav Ivanenko (athletics, walking 50 km)
Gennady Avdeenko (athletics, high jump)
Sergey Bubka (athletics, pole vault)
Sergei Litvinov (athletics, hammer throw)
Olga Bryzgina (athletics, 400 m run)
Tatyana Samoylenko (athletics, 3000 m run)
Olga Bondarenko (athletics, 10,000 m)
Tatyana Ledovskaya, Olga Bryzgina, Olga Nazarova, Maria Pinigina (athletics, 4x400m relay)
Natalia Lisovskaya (athletics, shot put)
Victor Reneisky, Nikolay Zhuravsky (rowing and canoeing, canoe-deuce, 500 m)
Klementiev Ivan (kayaking and canoeing, single canoe, 1000 m)
Victor Reneisky, Nikolay Zhuravsky (kayak and canoe rowing, double canoe, 1000 m)
Marina Lobach (rhythmic gymnastics, all-around, individual championship)
Vladimir Artemov (gymnastics, all-around, individual championship)
Dmitry Bilozerchev, Vladimir Gogoladze, Vladimir Artemov, Valery Liukin, Vladimir Novikov, Sergey Kharkov (gymnastics, all-around, team championship)
Sergey Kharkov (gymnastics, floor exercises)
Dmitry Bilozerchev (gymnastics, horse)
Dmitry Bilozerchev (gymnastics, rings)
Vladimir Artemov (gymnastics, uneven bars)
Vladimir Artemov (gymnastics, crossbar)
Valery Liukin (gymnastics, crossbar)
Elena Shushunova (gymnastics, all-around, individual championship)
Svetlana Baitova, Svetlana Boginskaya, Natalya Laschenova, Olga Strazheva, Elena Shevchenko, Elena Shushunova (sports gymnastics, all-around, team championship)
Svetlana Boginskaya (gymnastics, vault)
Mikhail Vasilyev, Valery Gopin, Vyacheslav Atavin, Andrey Lavrov, Alexander Karshakevich, Yuri Nesterov, Waldemar Novitsky, Georgy Sviridenko, Alexander Tuchkin, Andrey Tyumentsev, Alexander Rymanov, Igor Chumak, Yuri Shevtsov, Konstantin Sharovarov (handball)
Elena Volkova, Svetlana Korytova, Marina Kumysh, Tatiana Krainova, Olga Krivosheeva, Valentina Ogienko, Irina Parkhomchuk, Elena Ovchinnikova, Marina Nikulina, Tatiana Sidorenko, Irina Smirnova, Olga Shkurnova (volleyball)
Erika Salumäe (cycling, sprint race 1000 m)
Vyacheslav Ekimov, Arturas Kaspustis, Dmitry Nelyubin, Gintautas Umaras (cycling, 4000 m pursuit, team championship)
Gintautas Umaras (cycling, 4000m pursuit, individual)
Alexander Kirichenko (cycling, round 1000 m)
Alexander Karelin (Greco-Roman wrestling, category up to 130 kg)
Mikhail Mamiashvili (Greco-Roman wrestling, category up to 82 kg)
Levon Julfalakyan (Greco-Roman wrestling, category up to 68 kg)
Kamandar Majidov (Greco-Roman wrestling, category up to 62 kg)
David Gobejiashvili (freestyle wrestling, category up to 130 kg)
Maharbek Khadartsev (freestyle wrestling, category up to 90 kg)
Arsen Fadzaev (freestyle wrestling, category up to 68 kg)
Sergey Beloglazov (freestyle wrestling, category up to 57 kg)
Vyacheslav Yanovsky (boxing, category up to 63, 5 kg)
Alexander Belostenny, Valery Goborov, Alexander Volkov, Rimas Kurtinaitis, Viktor Pankrashkin, Sarunas Marciulionis, Igors Miglinieks, Arvydas Sabonis, Tiit Sokk, Sergey Tarakanov, Valery Tikhonenko, Voldemaras Chomicius (basketball)
Silver medals (31)
Andrey Alshan, Mikhail Burtsev, Sergey Koryakin, Sergey Mindirgasov, Sergey Pogosov (fencing, saber, team championship)
Israil Militosyan (weightlifting, category up to 67.5 kg)
Nail Mukhamedyarov (weightlifting, category up to 90 kg)
Nino Sulakvadze (shooting, air pistol)
Gennady Prigoda, Nikolai Evseev, Yuri Bashkatov, Vladimir Tkachenko (swimming, 4x100m relay, freestyle)
Elena Dendeberova (swimming, 200m individual medley)
Toomas Tõniste, Tõnu Tõniste ( sailing, class "470")
Rodion Gataullin (athletics, pole vault)
Igor Lapshin (athletics, triple jump)
Romas Ubartas (athletics, discus throw)
Yuri Sedykh (athletics, hammer throw)
Lailuta Baykuskaite (athletics, 1500m run)
Tatiana Ledovskaya (athletics, 400m hurdles)
Vladimir Shestakov (judo, category up to 86 kg)
Igor Nagaev, Viktor Denisov (rowing and canoeing, double kayak, 500 m)
Alexander Motuzenko, Viktor Denisov, Sergey Kirsanov, Igor Nagaev (rowing and canoeing, kayak-four, 1000 m)
Slivinsky Mikhail (rowing and canoeing, single canoe, 500 m)
Irina Kelembet, Antonina Dumcheva, Svetlana Maziy, Inna Frolova (rowing, quadruple sculls)
Veniamin But, Andrey Vasiliev, Victor Diduk, Alexander Dumchev, Pavel Gurkovsky, Nikolai Komarov, Alexander Lukyanov, Viktor Omelyanovich, Vasily Tikhonov (rowing, eight)
Georgy Pogosov (fencing, saber, team championship)
Valery Liukin (gymnastics, all-around, individual championship)
Vladimir Artemov (gymnastics, floor exercises)
Valery Liukin (gymnastics, uneven bars)
Svetlana Boginskaya (gymnastics, floor exercises)
Elena Shushunova (gymnastics, balance beam)
Raymond Wilde, Yaroslav Antonov, Vyacheslav Zaitsev, Valery Losev, Andrey Kuznetsov, Evgeny Krasilnikov, Yuri Panchenko, Yuri Sapega, Andrey Sorokalet, Igor Runov, Yuri Cherednik, Vladimir Shkurikhin (volleyball)
Nikolai Kovsh (cycling, 1000 m sprint race)
Daulet Turlykhanov (Greco-Roman wrestling, category up to 74 kg)
Leri Khabelov (freestyle wrestling, category up to 100 kg)
Adlan Varaev (freestyle wrestling, category up to 74 kg)
Stepan Sargsyan (freestyle wrestling, category up to 62 kg)
Nurmagomed Shanavazov (boxing, category up to 81 kg)
Bronze medals (46)
Alexander Romankov (fencing, foil, individual championship)
Andrey Shuvalov (fencing, epee, individual championship)
Pavel Kolobkov, Igor Tikhomirov, Mikhail Tishko, Vladimir Reznichenko, Andrey Shuvalov (fencing, epee, team championship)
Vladimir Yesheev (archery, individual championship)
Igor Basinsky (shooting, free pistol)
Kirill Ivanov (shooting, small-caliber rifle)
Gennady Avramenko (shooting, small-caliber rifle at the "running boar")
Valentina Cherkasova (shooting, small-caliber rifle)
Anna Malukhina (shooting, air rifle)
Marina Dobrancheva (shooting, air pistol)
Vakhtang Yagorashvili (modern pentathlon, individual championship)
Gennady Prigoda (swimming, 50m freestyle)
Dmitry Volkov (swimming, 100m, breaststroke)
Vadim Yaroshchuk (swimming, 200m individual medley)
Igor Polyansky, Dmitry Volkov, Gennady Prigoda, Vadim Yaroshchuk (swimming, 4x100m medley relay)
Larisa Moskalenko, Irina Chunikhovskaya (sailing, class 470)
Rudolf Povarnitsyn (athletics, high jump)
Grigory Egorov (athletics, pole vault)
Alexander Kovalenko (athletics, triple jump)
Jüri Tamm (athletics, hammer throw)
Olga Nazarova (athletics, 400 m run)
Lailuta Baykauskaite (athletics, 400 m run)
Elena Zhupieva (athletics, 10,000 m run)
Tatiana Samoylenko (athletics, 1500m run)
Lyudmila Kondratyeva, Galina Malchugina, Natalia Pomoshchnikova, Marina Zhirova (track and field, 4x100m relay)
Tamara Bykova (athletics, high jump)
Galina Chistyakova (athletics, long jump)
Grigory Verichev (judo, category over 95 kg)
Amiran Totikashvili (judo, category up to 60 kg)
Giorgi Tenadze (judo, category up to 71 kg)
Bashir Varaev (judo, category up to 78 kg)
Alexander Marchenko, Vasily Yakusha (rowing, double sculls)
Alexandra Timoshenko (rhythmic gymnastics, all-around, individual championship)
Dmitry Bilozerchev (gymnastics, all-around, individual championship)
Svetlana Boginskaya (gymnastics, all-around, individual championship)
Elena Shushunova (gymnastics, parallel bars)
Marina Bazanova, Natalia Anisimova, Tatiana Gorb, Elena Guseva, Tatiana Dzhandzhgava, Natalya Lapitskaya, Larisa Karlova, Elena Nemashkalo, Svetlana Mankova, Natalya Mitryuk, Natalya Morskova, Olga Semenova, Evgeniya Tovstogan, Zinaida Turchina, Natalya Rusnachenko (handball)
Mikhail Georgadze, Victor Berendyuga, Dmitry Apanasenko, Evgeny Grishin, Mikhail Ivanov, Alexander Kolotov, Sergey Kotenko, Nurlan Mendigaliev, Sergey Naumov, Sergey Markoch, Georgy Mshvenieradze, Nikolai Smirnov, Evgeny Sharonov (water polo)
Laima Zilporite (cycling, group road race)
Marat Ganeev (cycling, group race on the track)
Vladimir Popov (Greco-Roman wrestling, category up to 90 kg)
Vladimir Toguzov (freestyle wrestling, category up to 52 kg)
Sergey Karamchakov (freestyle wrestling, category up to 48 kg)
Alexander Miroshnichenko (boxing, category over 91 kg)
Timofey Scriabin (boxing, category up to 51 kg)
Olga Evkova, Olesya Barel, Irina Gerlitz, Olga Buryakina, Natalya Zasulskaya, Alexandra Leonova, Irina Minkh, Galina Savitskaya, Irina Sumnikova, Elena Khudashova, Vitalia Tuomaite, Olga Yakovleva (basketball)
159 countries. 8391 athletes (2194 women). 25 sports. Leaders in the unofficial team standings: 1. USSR (55-31-46); 2. GDR (37-35-30); 3. USA (36-31-27)
The mascot of the Seoul Olympics is a cute tiger cub wearing a Hodori bowler hat. A competition was announced and his name was chosen by the whole world, the inhabitants of the country offered 2295 options.
At these Games, the strongest athletes of the USSR, the USA, the GDR, Japan and other countries finally came together again to start. However, the boycott could not be completely avoided.
Once again, the Games were boycotted, this time by the NOCs of Cuba, North Korea, Ethiopia, Nicaragua and some other countries. Unfortunately, this happened because these Games were also preceded by political “games”. Some sports figures believed that the situation on the Korean Peninsula was too unstable, others, and most importantly the IOC, insisted that the Olympic competitions be held only on the Korean Peninsula - since Seoul was elected - and nowhere else ... As expected, the opinion of the IOC won, which in detail dealt with this problem, studied it well: to hold the Games in Korea. There was a lot of talk about Korea and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea holding the competition together. However, even here the politicians failed to agree. North Korea, in response to the refusal of the IOC to host the Olympics on the territory of both Korean states, called on allies in the socialist bloc to boycott the Games in Seoul. Cuba, Ethiopia, the DPRK itself and several other countries responded to the call of the North Korean comrades.
The preparation and holding of the Olympic Games in Seoul showed that the International Olympic Committee was right. In many respects - the number of participating countries, athletes, coaches, officials and media representatives - over 20 thousand people, awards - 237 sets of medals, the number of security services - more than 120 thousand people, and, finally, in terms of the number of television viewers, watching the competition - over 3 billion people in 139 countries - the Games in Seoul were a record.
At the opening ceremony of the Olympics, the torch with the Olympic flame was carried into the stadium by 76-year-old Sohn Kee-chung, the winner Olympic marathon in 1936. Then he was forced to perform using a Japanese name, so Korea was occupied by Japan. In 1936, he competed as the Japanese athlete Kitei Son.
The program of the Olympics was once again expanded - tennis and table tennis, 10 thousand meters for women, women's sprint in cycling and 11 new disciplines.
Tennis was first introduced at the Olympic Games in 1896. Tennis players consistently played at the Olympics until 1924. However, after 1924 conflict between professional and amateur sports prevented the top players from competing at the games until 1988. Only the Seoul Olympics once again hosted Olympic family tennis players.
Steffi Graf defeated Gabriella Sabatini in the women's final, while Miloslav Mecir became the men's champion, leaving Boris Becker himself with silver.
Steffi Graf is a German athlete one of the most titled tennis players in the world. The first coach was her father, Peter Graf - the head of a small tennis club. Later, she began to train with the famous Czechoslovak tennis player P. Folded in the past. In addition, she was engaged in general physical training and basketball. In 1986, the seventeen-year-old athlete became the best athlete in Germany. In 1987, she won the US Championship, beating the recognized favorites Martina Navratilova and K. Evert. In 1988 she won the Wimbledon tournament, she became the second German athlete to win this prestigious tournament. In 1988 she won open championship United States, thereby winning his way to the Grand Slam club.
The national team of the Soviet Union performed with great success in Seoul. She won the team event by a wide margin, winning 18 gold medals more than her closest rival, the GDR team.
The title of the strongest gymnasts on the planet was confirmed by Soviet athletes Elena Shushunova and Vladimir Artemov. They were also supported by their teammates - 10 out of 14 gold medals went to our athletes. Three gold medals were won by an athlete from the Romanian national team Daniela Silivash (floor exercise, balance beam and uneven bars). This achievement once again emphasized the great success of the Romanian school of gymnastics.
Our athletes also looked very good in Seoul - 10 top awards. Racers on the cycle track, volleyball players, wrestlers, rowers in kayaks and canoes, men's handball and basketball teams won.
After a 16-year break, Soviet basketball players again climbed to the highest step of the podium. In the final basketball tournament The USSR national team beat the Yugoslav team by 13 points and took first place.
After a 32-year break, gold medals in football went to the USSR national team, which defeated Brazil in the final with a score of 2: 1. Goals against the opponents were scored by Igor Dobrovolsky and Yuri Savichev.
Rhythmic gymnastics made its debut at the 1984 Games in Los Angeles, but the strongest athletes in the world from the USSR and Bulgaria did not participate in them. In Seoul, they took to the platform, and an 18-year-old student from Minsk, Marina Lobach, won the champion's gold medal.
Vladimir Salnikov achieved the rarest success for swimmers. He again became a champion, like eight years ago in Moscow. But they didn’t want to take Salnikov to the Games at all. Salnikov's desire to try to compete at the 1988 Olympics in Seoul was not to everyone's liking. In 1985, Koshkin, who became the head coach of the national team, said to the swimmer: - We did everything with you. I don't know how to train further. Hardly worth continuing. He was sincerely convinced that the time had come for Vladimir to finish swimming. And, an honest man, he did not hide his opinion. This is probably why, at a meeting of the presidium of the Swimming Federation, Koshkin said that "Salnikov was exhausted." Vladimir's new coach was his wife Marina, a highly qualified specialist in biomedical problems. She began her practical activities in the scientific group of sprinters of the country's athletics team, then worked for several years in Koshkin's coaching team. Marina became for her husband both a coach, and a doctor, and a massage therapist, even to some extent a manager ... Tubs of mud poured out on Salnikov. "How? - were outraged. - He is preparing under the guidance of his wife? This is nonsense, it’s not supposed to be like that!” But they did not give up, and life proved them right.
Talking about swimmers, one cannot fail to note the success of an athlete from the GDR Christina Otto. She received 6 gold medals in swimming and became one of the heroes of the Olympics. Her achievement is a kind of record for women's Olympic sports and the absolute record of the Games in Seoul for won gold medals.
American swimmer Mat Biondi was only one gold medal behind C. Otto. Having received 5 gold Olympic medals, he came out as a leader at the start of the next distance of 100 m butterfly. However, he failed to get his 6th gold. The sensation was the victory of an athlete from Suriname Anthony Nesti at this distance. For this feat, the government of Suriname awarded his compatriot with the highest order of the Yellow Star. And Mat Biondi added silver and bronze to his 5 gold medals.
American Janet Evans won three gold medals in swimming. Janet is arguably the most wonderful female swimmer on the planet. long distances throughout the history of the sport. She first drew attention to herself at the Games Good will in 1986, and in 1988 at the Olympics, she already performed as the owner of world records at distances of 400 m, 800 m and 1500 m. And she did not disappoint the fans, improving her own world record, winning at a distance of 400 m. And in addition she received gold medals in the 800m and 400m. At her second Olympics in 1992, Janet successfully defended her Olympic champion title in the 800m, but for the first time since 1986, she finished second behind Dagmar Hayes (Germany) in the 400m.
Between 1986 and 1995 Janet Evans won 25 out of 27 international competitions at a distance of 400 m and 22 out of 23 at a distance of 800 m. Her records, set back in 1988-89 at distances of 400, 800 and 1500 m, remained unbeaten until 1999. Evans completed her Olympic performances in 1996 in Atlanta, losing the 800m freestyle, the only event she competed in Atlanta.
The doping scandals at the Seoul Games were huge. An unpleasant sensation was the victory, and then ... the debunking of the Canadian sprinter Ben Johnson. He outright outplayed all his competitors in the 100 meters. But when it came to doping control... the medal had to be returned!
Let's talk about this event in more detail. On September 24, 1988, at the Seoul Olympic Stadium, Ben Johnson, a 26-year-old Jamaican with a Canadian passport, stuns the world with a 100m time of 9.79 seconds. To the title of world champion, he adds the title of Olympic winner and world record holder.
Two days later, the same sports world is stunned by another news: Johnson was caught doping, deprived of Olympic gold, and at the same time two of his world records. In a matter of weeks, everyone turns away from the dark-skinned "Mr. Doping". The children of neighbors killed his beloved cat, the Conservative government of Canada Brian Mulroney seriously began to consider deporting the ex-champion to Jamaica and depriving him of his citizenship. Two years later, his disqualification expired. But the persecution of the "vile deceiver" continued. It was led by Prince de Merode, the main anti-doping fighter in the IOC. He promised to red-handed a runner at the Barcelona Olympics. It didn't work out.
They "got" Johnson on January 17, 1993 at the track and field tournament in Toronto. A 16-fold excess of the banned anabolic testosterone was found in a sample of his urine. And this time, the leadership of the International Athletic Federation disqualified the Canadian for life.
Here are some more examples. Bulgarian athletes Mitko Grablev (under 56 kg category) and Angel Genchev (under 67.5 kg category) won gold medals in weightlifting competitions on September 19 and 21, 1988, respectively. Both were stripped of their medals and suspended for two years on September 23 after they tested positive for furosemide.
On September 24, the leadership of the Bulgarian national weightlifting team withdrew from the competition athletes who had not yet competed, and the Bulgarian weightlifting team left Seoul.
September 22, the Hungarian weightlifter Kalman Chengeri took fourth place in the category up to 75 kg. On September 25 in Seoul, he was caught doping and disqualified for using testosterone. On September 26, another Hungarian weightlifter, Andro Shanyi, won silver in the 100 kg category, but on September 28 he returned the medal, as he was convicted of using stanozolol. September 29, the Hungarian weightlifting team in in full force withdrew from the competition.
GDR athletes in Seoul performed very successfully, ahead of the US team. According to experts, in athletics, rowing and canoeing, as well as in swimming, the athletes of the GDR should have won another 6-8 medals. A number of experts attribute this disruption to the fact that the GDR athletes were forced to violate the system of pharmacological support for training, fearing doping control, which at the Games in Seoul was carried out much more effectively than at all previous competitions.
The doping problem at the Games in Seoul has come to the fore among the problems of modern Olympic sports.
By all accounts, the Seoul Olympics weren't very successful for the US Olympians. However, in Olympic team USA was an athlete who was unanimously recognized as the hero of the Games in Seoul. That athlete was Florence Griffith-Joyner.
Flo-Jo (the so-called runner) is one of eleven children in the family of an electrician and a teacher. Psychologist graduate Florence Griffith-Joyner was for the time being considered just a good sprinter. However, in the 1988 Olympic season, truly amazing metamorphoses began to occur to her. Griffith-Joyner set a world record of 10.49 seconds in the quarterfinals of the 100m at the US Championships in Indianapolis, where she qualified for the Seoul Olympics. She improved the previous achievement of compatriot Evelyn Ashford immediately by 0.3 seconds - in the sprint, this is just a huge jump.
In Indianapolis, Flo-Jo first appeared in front of everyone in a shocking outfit - a purple jumpsuit that covers only one right leg. So, along with a phenomenal career in sports, her career as an extravagant supermodel began. The magazines "People", "Life", "Vogue" tore apart the phone of Florence's personal photographer. Painted in the colors of the national flag, 11-centimeter gold-plated nails, gorgeous makeup, streamlined "aerospace" suits, a white-toothed smile, a cascade of flowing black hair that the runner always let down before running - all this made Flo-Jo a favorite subject of photojournalists and sports fashion trendsetter.
At the Seoul Olympics, Griffith-Joyner won three gold medals in the 100m and 200m, in the 4x100m relay. There she also broke the world record in the 200m (21.34 seconds), improving the record of the German Marita Koch by 0, 37 sec.
Three-time Olympic champion in athletics, Olga Bryzgina from Luhansk, is the only Soviet athlete who managed to overtake Florence Griffith-Joyner. It happened just at the Olympic Games in Seoul, during the final race in the 4x400 meters relay at the Olympic Games in Seoul (then the USSR team defeated the Americans). "In Seoul, we sincerely admired the talent of the American star Florence Griffith-Joyner," recalled Olga Bryzgina. “We wondered where she got so much strength from, is it possible? Griffith-Joyner at first was not going to participate in the 4x400 meters relay. treadmill) learned that Florence was running again. Oh, and I was nervous then, there was something to be afraid of, my soul went right into my heels. After all, I had to compete with an experienced American on the most important final section of the distance. "
Five minutes before the start, Florence appeared before the public - so extravagant, with long six-inch nails, in a bright tight-fitting overalls ... Soviet athletes looked very modest against her background.
The Americans, I must say, have always arranged a real show from their exit to the start. People crowded around Florence, all the reporters were spinning only around her ...
The world records set by Florence Griffith-Joyner in 1988 seemed so incredible and fantastic that many had suspicions that she was using anabolic steroids. Repeated doping tests of the runner disproved these speculations. Nevertheless, many experts, when mentioning the name Florence, said something like this: "You can talk as much as you like about the talent of an athlete, but her rapid progress is incredible. And her muscular development before the Olympics in Seoul is above all human norms."
“I have never used and do not recommend doping to anyone. My results and very developed muscles are the result of hard special training under the guidance of my husband,” Florence Griffith-Joyner always stated in response to offensive hints. However, when the International Olympic Committee launched an active anti-doping campaign after the incident with Ben Johnson (who was suspended at the Seoul Olympics) and announced a sharp increase in doping tests, Florence Griffith-Joyner suddenly announced the end of sports career. Meanwhile, her husband Al Joyner (the winner of the "gold" of the 84 Olympics in Los Angeles in the triple jump) remained in the sport and was caught doping ...
Her first Olympics was in 1984 in Los Angeles, where she became silver medalist at a distance of 200 m. In 1987, at the World Championships in Rome, she came second in the 200 m. After good performance in 1988 in Seoul, she decided to retire from the sport.
After leaving the treadmill, Griffith-Joyner became a member of the American Presidential Council on Physical Education and Sports. In addition, she took up modeling clothes, worked with children and wrote books about sports. On the eve of the Atlanta Olympics, Florence shocked everyone with a message that she intended to return to athletics. But shortly before the Games, she suffered a heart attack right on the plane during a flight to a charity evening. Then Florence was kept in the hospital for a day. The second attack, on September 21, 1998, ended in the death of an athlete at the age of 39.
In the list of world track and field records there are many achievements "with a beard". But Flo's records are considered among the most mystical and incredible results that the female body is capable of. Since Florence Griffith-Joyner set world records, two generations of outstanding runners have been replaced, but these achievements have never been subdued to anyone. These records seem immortal to a person far from sports.
There are no uninteresting competitions at the Olympic Games. In each of the sports, in any of the numbers of the program, there are events that leave no one indifferent. Nevertheless, the athletics tournament was and remains the main event at the Games. This is a kind of core around which the life of the Olympics goes. US athletes were ahead of everyone in the number of gold medals won - 13. Soviet athletes received 10 awards.
An outstanding American athlete, the hero of the last Olympics, Carl Lewis was the best in the 100 m race and in the long jump, he was awarded a silver medal for winning the 200 m distance. In the 4x100 m relay, the USSR team got the gold.
At these Games, a kind of record was registered in women's Olympic sports: a fencer from Sweden, Kerstin Palm, took part in the Olympic tournament for the seventh time since 1964.
But the most amazing achievement of Seoul - on account of the cyclist from the GDR Christa Luding-Rothenburger, who won the "silver" in the women's sprint. The uniqueness of this silver medal is that Krista became the first athlete in history to win medals at both the Winter and Summer Olympics! At the 1988 Calgary Olympics, she won a gold medal in speed skating.
One of the worst losers of the Seoul Olympics was american boxer Roy Jones. On October 2, 1988, the 19-year-old boxer met in the final fight in the category up to 71 kg with the South Korean boxer Park Si Hoon. In the duel, Jones had a clear advantage and even knocked down his opponent. By the end of the fight, the ratio of blows reached 86:32 in favor of the American. Despite this, the judges by three votes to two awarded the victory to the Korean athlete. During the announcement of the decision of the judges, the beaten winner barely kept himself upright. The American delegation filed a protest, but the decision of the judges was not changed.
Instead of a gold medal, Roy Jones received the Val Barker Prize from the International Amateur Boxing Association and the title of the most outstanding boxer of the Seoul Games. This unofficial prize is awarded at every Olympics, but until 1988 it was usually won by Olympic champion. In November 1988, three judges from Uganda, Uruguay and Morocco, who gave the victory to the Korean, were disqualified for two years for biased refereeing. In 1996, it was proven that these arbitrators received bribes from members of the Korean delegation.
Since the Barcelona Olympics in 1992, the rules for scoring in boxing have changed. If earlier the judges recorded the scores on pieces of paper that were given to the referee at the end of the fight, now they press the computer button immediately after the blow that the boxer delivered. A point is entered into the computer system if three out of five judges have pressed the button. On September 9, 1997, in Lausanne, Switzerland, Roy Jones was awarded the Silver Olympic Order in recognition of his services to the Olympic movement. The decision to award the medals was never revised.
The national team of the Soviet Union won a convincing victory in Seoul (55 gold, 31 silver and 46 bronze medals).
Athletes of the GDR, for the second time (the first time at the 1976 Games), managed to get ahead of the US team: 636 points and 102 medals - 37 gold, 35 silver, 30 bronze. They achieved the greatest success in swimming (we have already talked about this) - 11 gold medals, in rowing - 8, in athletics - 6.
As for the US Olympians, the Seoul Olympics were not very successful for them. They were only in third place with 632 points and 92 medals - 36 gold, 31 silver, 25 bronze. They were most successful in athletics - 13 gold medals, and swimming - 8 gold medals. They also performed successfully in boxing, having managed to win in three weight categories. In diving, freestyle wrestling, tennis, kayaking and canoeing, American athletes received two gold medals each. The most successful in the US team was M. Biondi (we have already talked about this), who won 5 gold, 1 silver and 1 bronze medals.
The sensation of the Games of the Olympiad was the performance of the hosts of the Olympiad, athletes of the Republic of Korea, who received 12 gold medals - the 4th result, and outstripped the teams of Germany, Great Britain, China, Bulgaria, Hungary in this indicator. Olympians of the Republic of Korea managed to win 3 gold medals in archery, 2 in judo, boxing and table tennis, 1 each - in freestyle and classical wrestling.
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The women's 200m freestyle swimming competition at the 2008 Olympics was held from 11 to 13 August at the Beijing National Swimming Complex. Contents 1 Medalists 2 Records 3 Heats ... Wikipedia
The women's 200m freestyle swimming competition at the 2008 Olympics was held from 11 to 13 August at the Beijing National Swimming Complex. Contents 1 Medalists 2 Records 3 Heats 3.1 Qualifiers ... Wikipedia
The women's 400m freestyle swimming competition at the 2008 Olympics was held from 10 to 11 August at the Beijing National Swimming Complex. Contents 1 Medalists 2 Records 3 Heats 3.1 Qualifiers ... Wikipedia
