Freestyle, 1500 m (short water) - 10/14/10 - Grant Hackett (Australia)
Before we start talking about records, it should be noted, just in case, that one of the main features of swimming in the past decade was high-tech suits. To be more precise, first their presence, and then their absence. In overalls, new world records were set almost every month, and therefore their value decreased markedly, which became clear after the ban on this kind of equipment - with “bare hands” only a few of the previous ones were beaten. set records. All the more important is the only achievement that has survived the era of overalls. The oldest current world record is nearly 12 years old today. Grant Hackett set it up in August 2001 in the Australian Short Course Final in the 1500m freestyle. Many swimmers stormed this time, but to this day the result of 14.10.10 is the oldest world achievement. In second place, by a wide margin, is the record of the American Kate Ziegler at a similar distance, but in a 50-meter pool, but it was set already in 2007.
Freestyle (short water), 50 m - 20.30 - Roland Schumann (South Africa)
The question of who is the fastest swimmer in the history of mankind can have many answers, depending on the interpretation. But if you approach from the mathematical side, then there are only two options left. The fastest result of an official swim in the history of world swimming was shown on August 8, 2009 at the championship South Africa in short water. Roland Schumann covered the 50-meter distance in 20.30 seconds. Interestingly, the record was set in the semi-finals of the tournament - in the decisive heat, Schumann could not swim even faster, and in four years no one could do it. And if someone is embarrassed by the 25-meter pool, then for reference it can be noted that at a similar distance in the 50-meter pool, the record holder with a score of 20.91 is the Brazilian Cesar Cielo.
Freestyle, 400 m - 3:59.15 - Federica Pellegrini (Italy)
Every time swimmers in a particular discipline exchange 10 seconds, half a minute or a minute depending on the discipline, it becomes a holiday for almost all swimming enthusiasts. And if the round result has been looming on the horizon for many years, then the holiday turns into a real celebration. 4:03.85 American Janet Evans lasted almost 20 years in the 400-meter freestyle. Frenchwoman Laura Manadou in the new century managed to cut off another one and a half seconds from the record. But the laurels of the conqueror of four minutes belong to the Italian Federica Pelligrini, who at the World Championships in Rome, with the support of her native stands, set an outstanding record - 3:59.15. The following year, the International Swimming Federation banned the use of suits, the results plummeted, and whether anyone else could ever swim out of four minutes at this distance in a 50-meter pool is unknown.
On the back, 100 m (short water) - 48.97 - Arkady Vyatchanin and Stanislav Donets (both - Russia)
A unique achievement not only in swimming, but also in the history of world sports as a whole, was established by Russian swimmers. It was at the European Short Course Championships in Turkey in 2009. Traditionally strong in backstroke Russian team competed for medals. Arkady Vyatchanin and Stanislav Donets made it to the final swim in the 100-meter distance. Our guys during the swim on the neighboring lanes showed a great pace, left the competitors behind and fought for the first place. It seemed that nothing could be better than gold and silver in one final. However, even the optimists' forecasts turned out to be unreliable: Arkady and Stanislav finished with the same time, which, by the way, was also the best in the history of swimming. Two gold medals and two world record holders from Russia at once - this could only be seen in a dream, but it turned out to be a reality. Unfortunately, the unique record lasted only five days - the American Nick Toman swam three hundredths of a second faster at the competitions in Manchester and to this day retains the title of world record holder.
Butterfly, 100 m (short water), - 48.48 m - Evgeny Korotyshkin (Russia)
Unlike the previous achievement of our guys, the record in the 100-meter butterfly in short water still belongs to the Russian. In 2004, the American Ian Crocker updated the world record twice during the day, swimming out of 50 seconds along the way, and until 2009 no one could surpass this achievement. Only Yevgeny Korotyshkin succeeded in this, staying in the beautiful autumn of that year. sportswear. On November 7, at competitions in Moscow, Evgeny broke Crocker's record, and a week later in Berlin he shot another half a second from his own time. Then, as you know, overalls were canceled, and Korotyshkin's record pleases the eye of Russian swimming fans to this day.
Butterfly, 200 m - 2.00.70 m - Mark Spitz (USA)
A short list of the most interesting records would be incomplete without mentioning Mark Spitz. During his career, he set 33 best result in the world, but swimming is developing very quickly, and this moment the titled athlete is no longer the current holder of any record. The most striking, of course, are his achievements in August-September 1972. At the national selection in Chicago, Spitz set several world records at once, but new achievements were expected from the titled American at the Olympic Games in Munich. Spitz did not disappoint the assembled spectators: seven gold medals with six world records amazed the whole world. Mark performed most vividly at a distance of 200 meters butterfly - 2.00.70 kept four more years after the departure of Spitz, who, of course, could have won many more medals and set many records if he had not left the sport due to the tragic events that occurred just during the Olympics-72.
The most titled swimmer in the history of mankind, of course, also could not do without records. And it is unlikely that anyone will be surprised by the fact that Michael Phelps is, pardon the pun, the record holder in the number of records. He has updated the best world records 39 times and is currently the current holder of seven world records. Perhaps the most significant of them was set at a distance of 100 meters butterfly. At the already mentioned 2009 World Championships in Rome, a real battle unfolded between the Serb Milorad Cavic and the American Michael Phelps. Chavic was in excellent condition. physical form: he was the fastest in the preliminary heats and easily won his semi-final, setting a new world record - 50.01. Naturally, the Serb wanted to swim out of 50 seconds in the final for the first time in history, and he eventually succeeded, but Phelps, who had kept a low profile until then, showed phenomenal speed in the final and finished with a score of 49.82 - this time is still unsurpassed .
In swimming, "long distance" is a relative concept, it is known in comparison.
For sprinters (who compete in a 50m or 100m pool) a 500m swim can sound like something out of the blue. For those who train and perform in the pool, 1500 meters is the longest distance in the competition. For many people who live near warm seas, swimming for one hour non-stop is a common experience. morning work-out. For some of our friends, swimming 15 kilometers between a pair of islands in the Mediterranean Sea is an enjoyable pastime.
Your perception of how long a particular distance is depends on your experience and the swimming environment in which you live. Joining swimmers who swim 5000m for fun to swim 2 or 3 hours non-stop is okay, it's not extreme. You can draw an analogy with what people think about long-distance running, for someone 3 km is the limit, and someone runs 42 km. However, those who run weekend marathons outnumber those who swim them. Since it is much more difficult to find a team that swims long distances and enjoys it.
We work with many types of “long-distance” swimmers - some train to swim the pool and are not afraid, others swim 400 meters without losing their breath, others are preparing to complete the IronMan triathlon distance (1.9 or 3.8 km - swimming stage), the fourth to cross the Strait of Gibraltar (about 20 km) or the English Channel (about 32 km).
Definition of long distance swimming
Technically, here is a clear definition of swimming distances:
- Long distance is anything over 1500 meters (1650 yards) and not over 10 kilometers.
- IronMan Distance - 3.8 km (2.4 miles) swim leg.
- Marathon distance - 10 km or more.
There are three distances in the FINA World Open Water Championships Series: 5, 10, 25 kilometers. You can imagine what professional open water swimmers think about standard pool distances.
Another way to define a long distance is to look it up on Wikipedia: “When a swimmer swims more for endurance than speed, it is more likely to be considered a long distance.” Long distance swimming is definitely not about being fast in the water in terms of applying force, it's more about being able to maintain speed (however small) for a LONG TIME to cover the required distance. This is what we usually call endurance.
Do you train for long distances?
There is a psychological perception and acceptance of the "long distance" in one's own mind and physical training to pass it. Both of these elements are important. Obviously, in training you need to swim longer in order to have a result.
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Swimming in open water. Long distance is a relative concept: 4 comments
- Vladimir
Hi all! For central Russia, for some reason, long-distance swimming is a terrible curiosity. I am in Chuvashia. I love to swim in open water in the summer, where I don’t go and where I don’t swim, everyone has the following swimming technique - take off their outerwear, puff up, abruptly enter the water with a fawn and abruptly start twisting the limbs, bang-bang-bang from the strength of 30 meters and that’s it ... barely -barely to the shore and booty for half an hour on the ground, and so on the strength of a couple more times. The main thing is to puff up and puff up again, there would be no need to relax and swim, swim ... .. swim ....
I go into the water calmly so that the blood vessels get used to the lower temperature if the water is already cool, and how the body slowly gets used to the water. The first 300 meters at a calm pace, so that the muscles naturally warm up, and then on the rise, and so 5 km. Let the fawns continue to puff up while sitting their prostate on the shore, but I enjoy feeling every swirl of water flows against my skin - the analysis of these swirls allows us to look for the most economical, but at the same time effective movements. Swimming technique can be perfected all your life. That's why, I study and study, hone and hone, and let the rest puff up on the shore :) :) :) ...
The International Olympic Committee (or IOC) divides swimming distances into two types: in open and closed water, in other words, swimming in the sea or in the pool.
Swimming in open water, or marathon distance, was included in the competition program quite recently, in 2008 in Beijing. Such a swim is carried out for 10 km. This is the longest distance in open water.
Swimming in the pool is a more traditional discipline, and the longest distance in this area is 1500m, freestyle.
The Russian-language official classification calls swimming water sports sports, the term "swimming" is not used.
Competitions in the pool
International competitions are held only in pools, which are usually 50 or 100 m long. Due to the fact that the athlete often changes direction, his speed over the same distance is often slightly higher than if he swam along a longer section without making turns. There are several problems with fixing records for speed associated with this.
In 1908, it was decided that records could only be set in longer pools than the Olympics, so there were no swimming records at the games. But in 1956 this decision was revised, now records can only be set in pools 50 and 55 meters long. Since 1957, the registration of records has been started again. Between 1988 and 1993, this decision was revised again, and now it is possible to set records in a 25-meter pool.
Swimming in open water
A distance of 10 km is considered ultra-long. Once it was the lot of single experimenters, but now swims over long distances have begun to be carried out en masse.
The history of ultra-long distance swimming began in the 19th century, when Briton Matthew Webb swam across the English Channel in 1975. It took him 21 hours and 45 minutes to do this.
Open water competitions were included in the World Swimming Championships in 1991. And now, every even year, since 2000, the World Open Water Swimming Championships are held at a distance of 5, 10 and 25 km. But the longest Olympic distance in open water so far is the 10 km swim.
Swimming 5286 kilometers, 22 minutes without a single breath of oxygen, jumping into a waterfall from 58 meters - these are the amazing records of water conquerors.
Jumping into the water from 27 meters now will not surprise anyone: high diving has been loudly declaring itself for several years, and the most desperate champions are choosing more and more new places for jumping. The new season's World Series kicked off in Texas, and the unexpected winner was Mexican Jonathan Paredes, who showed the judges several unique jumps and received a hitherto unattainable sum of 509 points. We recall the most famous and amazing records set by man in the water. That's what happens if you practice a little.
1. The fastest swimmer in the world
The fastest swimmer on the planet should be chosen by analogy with athletics, where Usain Bolt runs the fastest Olympic sprint. In swimming, the shortest Olympic distance- is 50 meters or the length of one pool. The fastest in the world overcame it, the owner of the gold medal of the games in Beijing, the Brazilian Cesar Cielo. In December 2009, at the national championship, he swam fifty meters freestyle in 20.91 seconds, and so far no one has managed to do it faster in similar conditions. Frenchman Florent Manadou swam the same distance in 20.26, but he did it in a 25-meter pool where swimmers manage to gain a fraction of a second by turning.
2. Below zero
But all the feats of marathon swimmers were accomplished in water comfortable for human body temperature. But there are also people who are ready to set crazy records in extreme conditions. Briton Lewis Gordon Pugh set a world record by swimming just one kilometer. Another thing is that the swim took place in the lake on the Kumbu glacier, located at an altitude of 5300 meters near Everest. The combination of local conditions allows water not to freeze at a temperature of -1.8 degrees Celsius. The Briton, who was nicknamed the Polar Bear, spent almost 19 minutes in icy water, and in fact, according to the rules, he was only wearing swimming trunks, glasses and a cap.
3. Swim from Cuba to the USA
Achievements in swimming can also boast of those who never dreamed of Olympic medal and even about getting into the national team. The most amazing swim, demonstrating that a person hardly knows the limit of his capabilities, took place in July 1978. American Walter Pinish covered the distance from the capital of Cuba to the small town of Little Duck Key, located on the coast of the United States in 34 hours and 15 minutes of continuous swimming. In total, Pinis swam 207.3 kilometers! For almost four decades, not a single daredevil has managed to surpass this achievement. 
4 The Man Who Conquered the Amazon
Probably, many of you have dreamed of visiting the Amazon and admiring the beauties of the Amazon itself. long river in the world. Slovenian Martin Strela had another dream - to swim the maximum distance along the river. And in 2007, the swimmer brought it to life. In total, he swam 5268 kilometers. Naturally, not in one go. Every evening he climbed aboard the boat accompanying him or went ashore, where he rested and recuperated for a new morning start. The journey took Strehle 66 days. In general, the Slovenian is known for its large-scale river swims. In addition to the Amazon, the Mississippi, the Parana, and the Yangtze also submitted to him.
5. Airless space
Another interesting direction of swimming is sports freediving, which even hosts large international competitions. Naturally, there are also records there. But before recalling the achievements of athletes, let's first figure out how long a person is able to hold his breath under water. The average person is able to hold their breath for three to five minutes after some training. But the German record holder managed to hold his breath for 22 minutes and 22 seconds. The whole process of setting a new world record was recorded on camera. And now anyone can be convinced that human possibilities are truly limitless. 
6. Swim in one breath
If we take into account that a person is able to not breathe for as long as 20 minutes, then we can assume that he is able to swim under water in one breath. New Zealand freediver Dave Mullins set a record in September 2010 that still stands today. Dave managed to swim 244 meters in four minutes using only a monofin. It is curious that the diver updated his own record, set a few days earlier. Mullins cleared 226 meters on his first attempt. It should be noted that the record achievement was set in a 50-meter pool. It would be interesting to understand how long this person will swim without natural barriers.
7. Depth is the source of the record
Another freediving world record is 216 meters. Only not in the horizontal, but in the vertical direction. This is the record for diving to the depth without scuba gear. The Austrian Herbert Nietzsch installed it, and this achievement became for him the 31st best in the world. It is worth noting that athletes dive and emerge using special ballast, without putting serious effort into it. Another thing is that only a few after long workouts are able to withstand pressure on the body at such a depth. Diver Jacques Mayol, once the first to overcome the 100-meter mark, died during an attempt to establish a new world achievement. 
8. Jump into the heart of the waterfall
Finally, another record related to water sports was set just recently. High diving and jumping from 27 meters is great, but even super champions in this discipline are unlikely to risk breaking the record of Laszlo Schallet from Switzerland. Laszlo jumped into the water from the top of the Cascado Del Salto waterfall, which is 58.8 meters high. For comparison, the height of a standard nine-story building is about 30 meters. The athlete was in free fall for 3.5 seconds, and hit the water at a speed of 123 kilometers per hour, as a result of which he could only get out on land with the help of assistants and could not move for some time, but then he came to his senses and greeted the fans, who were delighted with the jump real man.
