The purpose of the lesson:
Explanatory note
to a physical education lesson on physical education in preparatory group on "Know Your Body"
Instructor for physical education Streltsova G.A.
Preschoolers 6-7 years old (preparatory group).
Venue: gym MDOU No. 44 "Gnezdyshko" st. Fastovetskaya
Lesson duration: 30 minutes
Hall decoration:
heart drawing; scheme of blood vessels; schemes of physical exercises useful for the heart muscle; phonogram of recordings of melodies of popular foreign songs;
Equipment:
red and blue balls; scooters; mats; gymnastic benches; steppes by the number of children; glasses with lemon tea according to the number of children.
Thematic physical education lesson was compiled on the basis of the tasks of the program "Childhood" by O.M. Litvinova, using pedagogical technologies: N.B. Mullaeva gaming activities in physical culture; Kazmin V.D. Respiratory gymnastics; Lukyanov M. My first book about a person; Shcherbak A.P. Thematic physical education classes and holidays in a preschool institution. The proposed lesson can be held 1-2 times a month, in such classes children have the opportunity to learn about the human body, about the structure and work of its organs, as well as what needs to be done to maintain their health.
Physical education classes for preschoolers are held 3 times a week and are designed for 108 lessons per year. The planning for older preschoolers provides for various options for organizing physical education classes: traditional, plot, thematic, classes with elements of aerobics, classes based on relay races, competitions, games.
At the age of five or six, a child is no longer interested only in what is around, but also in his own body and everything that happens to it.
Our body is a creation of Nature and you can talk about it, explain and show a lot of interesting things. In this regard, we conduct classes from the “Know Your Body” series, the purpose of which was to familiarize older preschoolers with the main life support systems of the body: cardiovascular, respiratory, immune.
They include cycles of conversations and classes on the formation of ideas about the body, about the function of the skeleton and muscular system, about the work of the human heart and lungs. In such classes, children have the opportunity to learn about the human body, about the structure and work of its organs, as well as about what needs to be done to maintain their health.
When planning a thematic physical education lesson, the main goal is not only to identify the level of knowledge of children, but show them how to exercise and special exercises can improve and maintain health. Then the knowledge is consolidated in the children's motor activity, which is planned so that it is plot-related to the issues discussed at the beginning of the lesson. Specially selected complexes of general developmental exercises, games aimed at attracting the child's attention to their body, awakening interest in further self-knowledge, strengthening positive motivation, understanding oneself and others, the relationship between the state of the body and the way of life of a person. The structure of occupations is closely interwoven different kinds activities: breathing and movement exercises, sports relay races, step aerobics, relaxation, psycho-gymnastics.
Relevant preliminary work:
- joint work with the educator on the topic "Know your body";
A conversation, during which the main provisions of the topic covered are clarified or the degree of assimilation of knowledge by children is determined;
The use of visual material on a given topic.
Tasks :
Formation of a value attitude towards health and healthy lifestyle life.
Improving the main life support systems of the body: cardiovascular, respiratory, immune.
Enrich children's vocabulary.
Target:
To acquaint preschoolers with the work of the human heart;
To form love and a conscious attitude towards the implementation of exercises and games that are most useful for strengthening the heart muscle;
Teach the rules of conduct, under which the heart is kept healthy;
To improve the skills of independent performance of general developmental exercises on the steppes;
To cultivate a sense of collectivism, cohesion in physical education, mutual assistance, the ability to communicate with the team;
Contribute to an increase in the general psychophysiological tone of the child, the emergence positive attitude, to form elementary skills of self-correction of the work of the functional systems of the body.
During the physical education thematic lesson, all the tasks were solved, which led to one goal - motivation for a healthy lifestyle.
At the lesson, music sounds, with the help of which a developing dosed emotional training is carried out, leading to an improvement in the psychological and physiological state of the body. Such a lesson is a kind of health lesson. The teacher provides emotional warmth and support to each child, demonstrates a positive emotionally expressed attitude towards children.
It must be taken into account that good results in health-improving work can be achieved only with the joint work of the entire staff of the preschool educational institution and the family. The implementation of such an activity shows that children understand that a person himself must take responsibility for his health, learn to develop and heal himself.
Lesson summary "Know your body"
for the preparatory school group.
Lesson progress:
Teacher: Children, let's talk about health. What do you think, what kind of person can be called healthy?
(A healthy person does not hurt anything, he is cheerful, cheerful. He is strong and brave.)
And who among you knows what we need to do in order to always be healthy? ( You need to take care of yourself, play sports, temper yourself, eat right, walk more on the street).
What is the backbone of our body? (Skeleton)
What drives the skeleton and our entire body? (Muscles)
What should be done to strengthen our muscles? (Exercising, exercising, exercising)
Guys, you said everything correctly, which means - “Sport is an assistant, sports is health, sports is a game, physical education is cheers!”. Since sports are very important for improving health, I suggest you do a little of them. Today you and I will have several assistants, with their help we will engage in physical education and strengthen our health - these are steppes, scooters,
Let's first check our posture and get ready for the lesson.
Introductory part:
Group, equal, quietly! Left, right, circle, left. Count on 1-2! Group, stand in two lines, stand in one line!
Group, pay for 1-3! Group, stand in three lines, stand in one line!
Turn right, march around the hall!
Rebuilding in columns.
Rebuilding in four columns, in three columns.
Walking in a column one at a time.
Different types of walking:
Normal walking.
walking on toes, on heels;
walking: heels together, toes apart;
walking: socks together, heels apart;
· "Spiders" - walking on the palms and feet;
walking on the buttocks.
Various types of running:
Running with high knees; with overflowing of the lower leg; with straight legs;
Lateral gallop (right and left);
Running at an accelerated pace;
Walking, breathing recovery.
The teacher controls the quality of the exercises, starting positions, prompts in case of difficulties.
Main part:
Dance exercises on the stepOh
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Dose |
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acupressure and breathing exercises:
1. Preparatory part: 1. Walking with an added step to the right (left) with a clap of hands 2. Normal walking around the steppes, then in place. 3. I.p.: hands on the belt, legs together. Fulfillment: stand on the step, legs apart wide, get off the step, legs together. When performing, raise your legs high. 4.I.p .: hands on the belt, legs together. Execution: standing in front of the step, lean forward, touching the step. 5. Walking on the steppe. Side step back from the step to the floor and back to the step with right foot, cheerfully working with his hands. 6. Side step left and right from step from step. 5. "Cross". Step from the step forward, from the step back; step from the step to the right, from the step - to the left; hands on the belt. |
2 circles in different directions. |
Check posture and balance. They are built in front of the steppes. Takes place at the start of class. The right one is currently closed. index finger When exhaling through the right nostril, the left one also closes. Children take steps and stand in a checkerboard pattern. Children should feel the music, catch the pace of movement, tune in. |
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2. Main body: 1. I.p.: Standing on the step, hands, on the belt. Execution: lunges to the right (left), hands on knees. 2. I.p.: Standing on the steppe. Fulfillment: sit on a half twine. 3. I.p.: Sitting on a half-twine, hands at the top. Execution: Clap your hands. 4. I.p.: Sitting on the steppe. Feet together, hands resting on the floor behind. Fulfillment: raising the leg, then the right, then the left. 5. Side step on the step to the right and left, performing claps at the same time. 6. Jumping with a change of legs. 7. Jumps around the steps. 8. Step on the step with raising your hands up. We say loudly: "That's it!" |
2 p. to each side |
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3. Final part: Breathing exercises with relaxation. 1. Simultaneous smooth movements of the arms to the sides. 2. Rotation of the hands with a slow raising of the arms forward, up and slowly lowering down through the sides. 3. Smooth movements hands back and forth. 4. Relaxation exercises. I.p .: main stance, arms to the sides. 1 - lower the brushes; 2 - lower the forearms; 3 - lower your hands; 4 - lower your head; 5 - bend your back (hands hang freely); 7-8 - slowly rise, stretch your arms to the sides. |
The guys take the steppes into place.
- Well done! Well done! And who will answer me now, what song is my heart singing? (Knock-Knock) That's right: knock-knock-knock.
This is how your mother's heart beats. The same song is sung by the heart of each of you. You can hear it at any moment. To do this, you need to put your fingers on your wrist, on your throat or on your temple. The impulse of blood in the vessels, which you will feel, means that the heart has made a beat, i.e. contracted and sent another portion of blood through the vessels.
(Teaching preschoolers to determine their pulse )
The teacher draws the children's attention to the heart diagram:
Now look how your heart looks... It's about the size of an orange. But, despite its small size, every day the heart makes
12 thousand strokes - both when you move and when you sleep. Therefore, we must take care of our heart, take care of its condition. You already know that physical exercise strengthen the muscles of the arms and legs, make them stronger. But the heart is also a muscle. So it turns out that regular classes physical education and outdoor games strengthen it. And if you sit all day without moving, for example, watching TV, then sooner or later the heart will stop working well.
The teacher invites children to remember useful for strengthening muscles sport exercises and games. These are running, jumping, ball games, roller skating, scootering, etc.
Listening to their answers, the teacher selects from what has been said which sports are most useful for strengthening the heart muscle, and sets comic schemes on stands - images of animals involved in:
skiing;
long jump and high jump;
ball games (basketball and football);
cycling;
swimming.
Game relay races
1. "Who is faster?" The group is divided into two teams that come up with names for themselves and line up on opposite sides of the hall. At the command of the teacher, the children jump across the steppes on two legs towards each other, trying to take the place of the enemy. The first team to reach the opposite side of the hall and form a line wins. When repeating, you can change the task, for example, children can jump on one leg, move in jumps, etc.
2. "Who will pull up faster on the bench?" Teams are also built from opposite sides of the hall. There are benches and mats in front of each team. On command, the first participant in the relay pulls himself up on the bench, performs a somersault forward. Passes the baton to another participant. Then the next participant performs the exercise, and so on. The first team to reach the opposite side of the hall and form a line wins.
Z. Racing on scooters. Children are rebuilt in two columns and in a streaming way, betraying the scooter to each other, they compete.
Teacher: We ran, played, and the heart began to beat faster and pump blood faster through all the organs and tissues of our body. Now try to listen to the heartbeat and say how it differs from what we heard at the beginning of the lesson. (In the beginning it beat slowly, but now it is faster)
Right. And now you feel your heart pounding in your chest after running fast. This is very useful because such training strengthens the heart muscle.
The heart can also beat strongly from excitement, for example, when you worry about your team in a relay race, but there will be no harm from this. As soon as the competition ends, the heart calms down and returns to its normal rhythm. But even in this case it is necessary to help your heart - remember how small it is. During the day you move a lot, experience a lot of impressions, so you need to rest on time.
That is why you go to bed after dinner, and in the evenings your moms and dads put you to bed before they themselves, adults, go to bed. When you rest, your heart also rests and beats more slowly.”
Preschoolers perform relaxation in the supine position and measure their heart rate.
"Sunny Bunny"
(Relaxation exercise)
Teacher: Imagine that a sunbeam looked into your eyes. Close them. He ran further across the face. Gently stroke with your palms: on the forehead, on the nose, on the mouth, on the cheeks, on the chin. Stroke gently, so as not to frighten away, the head, neck, tummy, arms, legs. He climbed up by the collar - stroke him there too. He is not a mischievous - he catches and caresses you, and you stroke him and make friends with him (repeat 2-3 times).
Teacher: We talked a lot with you about how it is necessary to train our hearts so that they “work” well - contract. But what happens as a result of these reductions?
(Discussion of the scheme of blood vessels)
“Imagine steamboats that carry various cargoes along our river. So the heart, having contracted, pushes the red river of blood into the arteries, through which the "steamboats" with oxygen from the lungs and nutrients from the food we eat go on a long journey through all the cells of our body. No matter where you accidentally cut yourself, you will definitely bleed. But that is not all. The most amazing thing is ahead: blood steamers, giving oxygen and nutrition, take away carbon dioxide and harmful, unnecessary substances from the body. They take them out through the blue veins, exchanging them again for oxygen and valuable substances.
The teacher invites the children to test themselves, how attentive they are.
Relay race "Blood steamers"
The guys are divided into two teams - "Artery" and "Vienna". In front of the teams there is a basket with red balls - "substances useful for the body", and on the opposite side of the hall they place a basket with blue balls - "harmful substances". from the team "Vienna" - blue balls from the second basket to the first.
Relay options: Jumping on orthopedic balls. One team has a red fitball, the other blue. On command, they begin to jump on the balls. The winner is the team who quickly and correctly performs jumps on the balls.
Final part:
At the end of the relay race, the teacher and children develop rules that can be followed to keep your heart healthy.
Rules
1. Exercise regularly, run and play.
2. Be sure to rest day and night.
3. Eat what your mother or teacher gives you - all these foods are very useful.
4. If you are sick, then lie in bed for as long as the doctor has prescribed.
Psycho-gymnastics:
"I'm the Doctor of the Year 2010"
Each child enters into the image of a doctor - a healer of the future, to whom everything is subject. The doctor "heals" with passes over his head, stroking, sympathy. He orders the authorities:
· Heart, dear, work well, rhythmically, be kind.
· Blood, be clean, healthy, wash all the vessels of the body.
Tummy, be soft: my intestines , work accurately and at the right time.
Continuing to make passes, the children say:
· Water, clean, healthy, I will never get sick, I will always be cheerful, sweet, beautiful.
Children drink water lemon drink, herbal tea, etc.).
Cognitive lesson in the preparatory group
Miracles inside me: Internal organs.
Target: the formation of children's interest in the internal organs of their body.
Tasks: continue to acquaint children with the human body; introduce children to the concept internal organs”, their name and location; to give children knowledge about the causes of diseases of internal organs and about measures to prevent diseases.
Material: illustrative manual "Man" (internal organs - lungs, heart, stomach, intestines); a balloon, a mirror, a phonendoscope, a syringe with a transparent tube, a schematic representation of a person for each child.
preliminary work: examining illustrations in the "Encyclopedia of Health for Children", an excursion to the medical office, listening to the internal organs (heart, intestines, lungs) with a phonendoscope.
Lesson progress:
- Organizing time.
Finger gymnastics "Parts of the body"
There are nails on our fingers,
On the hands - wrists, elbows.
Crown, neck, shoulders, chest
And don't forget your belly.
There are knees. There is a back
But she is only one.
We have on our heads
Two ears and two lobes.
Brows. Cheekbones and whiskey
And eyes. That are so close.
Cheeks. Nose and two nostrils
Lips, teeth - look!
Chin under the lip.
Here's what we know!
- Main part.
Conversation"INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN".
The body given to us at birth is made up of billions of tiny living cells, like a brick house. We cannot see these cells - they are much smaller than the smallest dot that we put on a piece of paper. Almost all cells have a lot of water, so our body consists of two-thirds of it.
Our body is a single organism that acts like a well-oiled machine: each organ performs its task. Organs connected with each other by a common cause are combined into systems. IN human body several systems, each of which is responsible for any one process or several processes necessary to sustain life . SLIDE 2
1). Skeletal bones, cartilage and ligaments make up the skeletal system that supports and protects our body.
2). The muscles that make up muscular system, set our body in motion and are also involved in other systems.
3). The brain and nerves form nervous system which controls most of the body's functions.
4). Digestive system breaks down food into nutrients and helps the body absorb them.
5). The circulatory system delivers the necessary substances to the cells and takes away the waste. IN cardiovascular system includes the heart and blood vessels. Thanks to it, the cells of the body are supplied with oxygen and food.
6). Respiratory system ensures the supply of oxygen to the lungs and the removal of carbon dioxide.
7). The immune system protects our body from disease. It includes leukocytes, antibodies and lymphatic system that removes waste from cells.
8). The urinary system purifies the blood, and the excretion system rids the body of undigested food.
Thanks to the coordinated work of all systems, we can grow, move, just live! But you must definitely learn to take care of your health in order to always be cheerful, strong and cheerful.
Guys, today we will continue to study ourselves. There are many interesting things inside us, real miracles. These miracles are called "internal organs."
Introduction to the respiratory system.
You know that any animal can breathe. And we humans can breathe. Let's talk about how a person breathes.
Experiment with the respiratory system.
Close your mouth, take a deep, deep breath through your nose, feel where the air goes. Exhale! Another breath! Another breath! Where does the air go first? (into the nose). Can air enter the mouth? (...). Let's check. Pinch your nose and inhale through your mouth. Exhale! Another inhale... exhale... So can I breathe through my mouth or not? (Yes).
SLIDE 3
So, the air got into the nose or mouth (shown on the atlas from the manual "Man"), there it warmed up, and then - already warm - it goes through a special tube. This tube is called "breathing" because it helps you breathe. Air enters the lungs through the breathing tube. They're hiding right here, behind the ribs. Are the ribs like a fence? Here is such a fence - ribs and serve to protect the lungs. Pay attention: how many lungs are there?
Yes, there are two: left and right. Air moves in and out of them.
Balloon experiment.
Take air balloons, take a deep breath, and exhale the air directly into the balloon. What happened?
Yes, the balloon is inflated. When air fills the lung, it expands like this balloon. Release the air from the balloon.
What happened?
And when the air leaves the lung, it also seems to be blown away (the experiment with the ball is carried out several times).
Place your hands on your chest like this (point to yourself). When we breathe in rib cage rises. Why?
When do we exhale?
Exhaled air, which is no longer needed by our body, it can no longer be useful.
Mirror experiment.
Anya and Gleb come up to me, breathe on the mirror. What did you notice? (mirror fogged up).
This means that the air inside us not only warms up, but also becomes humid. This is important so that we do not get sick. But sometimes we can still start a runny nose and cough. This means that our respiratory organs are sick.
Remind me, please, what organs help us to breathe? (nose, mouth, breathing tube, lungs).
And these bodies need our support! Try not to get cold, not to get wet, not to catch a cold, not to scream in the cold! Be sure to temper, do gymnastics and drink vitamins!
Getting to know the heart
Guys, guess the riddle:
Mystery of the heart.
Not a watch
And it's ticking. (Heart)
SLIDE 4
Now we will talk about a very important organ - the heart. It is the heart that makes our blood flow through special tubes-vessels. Clench your fist, look: this is the size of your heart. And my heart is bigger than yours, like this (show). You are growing and your heart is growing with you. Show me where your heart is? Put your hand on this place.
Squeeze your fist... relax... squeeze it again... relax again... The heart will contract - it will push out the blood, and it will run through the vessels. It will shrink again - it will push out again ... (experiment with a syringe: a transparent tube from a dropper is attached to a syringe with a solution of potassium permanganate; when the syringe is squeezed, tinted water begins to be pushed out).
Guys, what do you think, can you hear the heart?
- …
You can hear the heart, and you can do it with the help of a phonendoscope, come out here Katya and Sasha, Katya listen to how Sasha's heart beats ...
But you can do without it. Just put your ear against your friend's chest, where the heart is. Now switch places. Did you hear? Why is it said that "the heart beats"?
Fizminutka "Merry warm-up".
Friendly, fun, all together -
Let's start on the spot!
And now - jumping in place!
And now - and run in place!
1-2-3-4-5 - no one can catch up with us!
1-2-3- look at us!
And 4-5 and 6 - everyone should sit down in their place!
Listen now, how did the heart begin to beat? Hear the difference? If a person goes in for sports, his heart works faster, it trains and becomes more enduring. Our heart never stops. Therefore, it is jokingly called the "motor" of our body. But even such a hardy motor needs our support. The heart loves when its owner is engaged in physical education, remember this!
Introduction to the digestive system.
Guys, you know that in order to live, it's not enough just to breathe. What else do we need to live?
We need food to live.
So we'll talk now about what happens to a person when he eats.
Imagine that you have an apple in your hand. You want to eat it. What will you do first? (take a bite ). SLIDE 5 Yes, food enters the mouth first and we start chewing. Why chew food? (to grind). During chewing, food is not only crushed, it is also wetted with saliva, and therefore easier to swallow.
The food then travels down the esophagus to the stomach. The stomach contains a special fluid called gastric juice. It helps dissolve food. In the stomach, food is digested. The stomach itself is like a ball. And the more we eat, the more the ball swells up. And if we eat too much (for example, at a birthday party), the stomach will stretch too much. We will not be very good: the stomach will hurt, maybe even throw up ... Therefore, we will not overeat!
But here the stomach coped with its work - it digested food. Further, the food, already similar to mashed potatoes, moves into the intestines. It's such a long tube. How does the intestine fit inside us? (children's guesses). And the whole point is that our intestines are tightly rolled up inside our stomach, like this! (show). But there should not be any knots: otherwise the food will get stuck and the help of a doctor will be needed. Digested food moves through the intestines, and during its journey gives nutrients and vitamins to various organs. And what remains and we do not need, we get rid of in the toilet.
Fixing the material.
Guys, now we will check how well you remember where in our body which organ is located. Look at the slide, name the organ and mark the place where this organ is located on the human diagram with a dot. SLIDE 6
Topic: “Parts of the body are my helpers”
Target:
- consolidate the concept of body parts;
- consolidate the knowledge and skills acquired during the corrective work on the development of the articulatory apparatus.
Tasks:
Speech therapy:
Improving the lexical structure of speech:
- enrich, activate and expand the vocabulary on the topic “Parts of the body are my helpers”;
- learn the names of parts of the human body, their functions (we see with our eyes, we hear with our ears, we breathe with our nose, etc.);
- to consolidate the concept of "multi-valued word", to clarify the polysemy of the word "nose";
- expand understanding of the perception of odors in animals;
- clarify the meaning of the words "aroma", "smell";
Formation and improvement of the grammatical structure of speech:
- agree nouns with adjectives in gender and number.
Development of coherent speech:
- create a problem situation, take part in its discussion;
- develop the ability to correctly answer questions;
- find motivation for discussions on the topic.
Improving general and fine motor skills.
Development tasks:
- development of tactile sensations;
- development of proper physiological breathing.
Educational:
- to form ideas about the parts of the body: eyes, ears, nose, tongue, hands, about their role in human life;
- cultivate cultural and hygienic skills.
To achieve the goal, the following methods and techniques were used:
- visual method (use of video materials)
- verbal method (talk about body parts)
- game reception (articulation gymnastics "Cheerful tongue")
- experimentation method (find out in which teapot the water is cold and which is hot, without touching)
- method of examination (examination in the mirrors of the eye)
- aromatherapy (scented candles are used).
Problem solving is carried out through the following educational areas:
- health (ability to breathe properly)
- cognition (a speech therapist's story about the eyes and the perception of smells of representatives of the animal world)
- music ("Sounds of the forest").
Equipment: video materials (landscapes, flora, fauna; nose, ears, eyes; fish, frog, chickens, pigeons, owl, eagle owl, crayfish, lizard, ants, dog, cat, deer, horse, dolphin); audio recording "Sounds of the forest"; two kettles with water - hot and cold; "miracle box"; aroma candles; mirrors, koschey character, drawing paper, red gouache, wet wipes.
The course of directly educational activities
1. Organizational moment.
polite words
To be polite
Need to say "hello"
To everyone who I would not meet -
Children know this.
Say: "Hello!" and in response
It will sound: “Hi! Hello!".
Guys, let's say hello.
Hello palms! (children clap their hands: clap-clap)
Hello boots! (stomp: top-top)
Hello frogs! (croak qua-qua)
Hello cuckoos! (cuckoo: cuckoo)
Hello, ringing heel! (clicking tongue: clack-clack)
And baby firefly! (on the exhale they say: s-s-s)
Hello, quick breeze, (blow)
The sonorous voice of a child! (talking tongue: bl - bl)
The train is long at the platform! (pull: whoo)
Good afternoon wrist watch, (tick: tick-tock)
Loud children's voices!
And now everyone sat down together,
Everyone was looking at me.
2. The main part.
Today we will talk about a person. There are a lot of people on Earth - billions. All people are similar, we all know how to speak, think, walk, but each person is unique. We differ in appearance, eye color, hair, height, gait, voice, character.
Koschey appears.
Koschey. Who was talking about me? And it’s you smart kids here, well, then guess my riddles, and if you don’t guess, I’ll take you to me.
1) We are put on
In winter, boots
In autumn - shoes,
In the summer - sandals.
(Legs)
2) I don’t have to go to the hospital,
I go around everything,
I'm trembling, my lips are shaking,
I was treated yesterday ... (teeth).
3) Five brothers are equal for years
Growth is different.
(Fingers)
4) Everything that we put in our mouth,
It will get to us in ... (stomach).
5) The pot has seven holes in it.
(Head).
Oh, how smart you are here. I do not like such children, I will go and look for other children.
Speech therapist. Well done guys, they coped with the task, escorted Koshchei out. Now take a mirror and look at yourself. A person does not see with his whole body, but only with his eyes.
Let's figure it out together, kids
What are the eyes for?
And why do we all have
Is there a pair of eyes on the face?
So why do people need eyes?
The children answer.
Speech therapist. That's right, the eyes help a person to know the world around him: we see objects around us, their color, size, shape, we can determine the distance at which they are from each other. (Children look at video materials depicting landscapes, flora, fauna.)
The eyes are very sensitive, so they must be protected. For people with low vision, the doctor recommends wearing glasses. All representatives of the animal world have different eyes. For example, fish see well objects located nearby. Frogs only notice moving objects. To consider a motionless object, she herself needs to start moving. In crayfish, the eyes are located on special stalked antennae, move far forward and can rotate on their own when the crayfish is motionless. The owl and the eagle owl have large, but motionless eyes, but the head rotates around its axis in a full circle. In addition, they can only see in the dark. Chickens, pigeons, lizards can only see in the light. Ants see the stars even during the day.
What are the eyes by color?
The children answer.
Speech therapist. And in form?
The children answer.
Speech therapist. What are your eyes?
The children answer.
You close your eyes with your palm,
Let's sit down for a bit:
It immediately became dark.
Where is the bed, where is the window?
Weird, boring and annoying
Nothing is visible around.
Children sit with their eyes closed, musical recordings "Sounds of the Forest" are turned on.
Speech therapist. In the dark, a person feels bad, uncomfortable, but he has one more helper. What do you hear?
The children answer.
Speech therapist. How do we hear sounds around us?
The children answer.
Speech therapist. What sounds can we hear?
The children answer.
Speech therapist. Thanks to hearing, we perceive the sounds around us, orient ourselves in the world. A person with the help of his ears hears the singing of birds and the voices of people, the murmur of a brook and the sound of the wind, and many different sounds. Now tell me, do you smell the aroma in the room, a pleasant smell?
Children inhale the pleasant strawberry smell of scented candles.
Speech therapist. How do we sense scents?
The children answer.
Speech therapist. Why do you think a person needs a nose?
The children answer.
Speech therapist. Some people think that the nose is just an ornament on the face. Others think that nature gave us a nose to turn it up. There are even expressions: “Look, you turned up your nose!”, “Well, why did you hang your nose?”. It's a joke. In fact, even the smallest nose is a very important part of the body. We breathe through our nose. And the nose helps to smell and distinguish smells.
Why do babies need a nose?
Has straight noses
There are snub noses...
Every nose is needed
Since he has grown to the face.
Y. Prokopovich
Fizminutka.
We stomp our feet.
We clap our hands
We nod our heads.
We raise our hands
We lower our hands.
We give hands
And we run around.
Speech therapist. People perceive each other with the help of sight, hearing in the process of conversation. But for animals, the sense of smell plays an important role. It is the most important sense, often replacing sight or hearing. Not to smell a predator during the time or not to find prey on the trail for some of them is tantamount to death. Better than other animals perceive the smells of dogs, cats and horses. They usually recognize the scent of a familiar person long before they approach. In wild animals, the sense of smell is even better developed. The deer smells the predator from a great distance and manages to run away or hide. On the other hand, birds are very weak in distinguishing smells, but dolphins do not distinguish them at all.
The speech therapist uses video materials and subject pictures depicting animals.
If you catch a cold and catch a runny nose, it is more difficult for you to breathe. You need to take care of your health, be able to breathe properly, inhale air through your nose, and exhale through your mouth. The nose is a human organ. What or what has it?
The speech therapist uses video materials depicting an animal and a person, a boat and a kettle.
Speech therapist. What is a kettle? What parts does it have? (Spout, lid, handle, bottom, walls).
Speech therapist. What is the kettle for? (To drink from it).
Teacher. What kind of water is needed to make tea?
The children answer.
Two teapots with cold water and hot, it is proposed to find out where which is, without touching, then a series of questions is asked.
Children understand how to determine the temperature of water.
Speech therapist. There are two teapots in front of you, in one teapot cold water, in the other warm water. Which one do you think has cold water?
The children answer.
Speech therapist. We touch objects with our fingers. They help us write, sew. Sculpt, do a lot of different things. With the help of fingers, we can feel heat and cold, feel - a hard or soft object, smooth or rough. Some very subtle movements you need to learn, for example, the hands of artists are very well developed. I suggest a little play with our fingers. Let's try to guess by touch what is in our miracle box?
Children perform.
Speech therapist. What would happen if a person had one eye, but two mouths and two noses?
The children answer.
One head is given to us.
And two eyes and two ears,
And two temples, and two hands,
But one nose and mouth.
And be it the other way around
One leg, one arm
But two mouths, two tongues
We would only know
What they ate and talked about.
G. Heine.
The tongue lives in our mouth. With it, we can determine the taste. Why else would a person need a language?
The children answer.
Speech therapist. Language helps to make a variety of sounds, and most importantly - to talk. Sometimes he plays the role of a watchman, guarding the entrance to the house (mouth) and checking food for its suitability or unsuitability for consumption. During chewing, the tongue turns over pieces of food.
Children perform articulation gymnastics"Cheerful tongue" (author's development).
Lived - there was a Tongue.
He was cheerful and always noisy. (Clicking tongue)
But one day all the neighbors are at him
They were offended and stopped being friends with the Tongue. (pout lips)
He went up to the Cheek, (They push the right cheek with the tongue)
I knocked on her door, no one opens it.
Then he went in the opposite direction, (They push the left cheek with the tongue)
But no one was waiting for him there.
The tongue decided to make friends with the teeth.
He tickled first the upper teeth, (Perform articulation exercise brushing teeth)
And then the bottom ones.
But then the lips were offended and pouted. (Pouting lips)
The tongue decided to cheer them up:
He licked his upper lip first, (perform the articulation exercise Jam)
And then the bottom one.
Lips liked it
And they smiled at Tongue.
Since then, they all live together (Smile)
And they always smile at each other.
Tasks:
- Correctional and educational: consolidate knowledge on this lexical topic; clarification and activation of the dictionary through words denoting the actions of objects; learn to form nouns with diminutive and augmentative shades.
- Core development: development of thought processes of analysis and synthesis, speech hearing, visual perception and attention, general motor skills.
- Correctional and educational: cultivate a caring attitude towards your body.
Equipment: photographs depicting people of different ages; Images separate parts body; albums; colour pencils.
Lesson progress
1. Organizational moment
Educator: - Guys, today Kolobok came to our kindergarten and brought photos. Let's tell Kolobok who is depicted on them?
How can you call them in one word? ( People)
How are people different from each other? Pay attention to age, height, weight, eye color, hair color.
Now answer what do such different-looking people have in common? (people are similar to each other in the shape of their body)
Gingerbread man: - So I'm also a man?
Educator: - Guys, does Kolobok look like people? How is he different?
2. Main body
Work with the scheme.
What parts does our body consist of? ( head, neck, torso, arms, legs)
Take one piece each. Now let's assemble a man from these parts. What do you think is the most important part? ( head)
What is the head on? ( on the neck)
What is the largest part of our body? ( torso)
And the main assistants of our body are ...? ( arms and legs)
How many arms and legs does a person have?
Consider what is the same on the arms and legs?
Physical education minute
Boys live - funny fingers
Naughty feet walk the path
The neck turns its head to the right, to the left the back
Show me where the tummy is?
Our body tightened up like a slender birch
Got a straight back
And now everybody's pulled up
And smiled at each other
(Knock on the door. The Riddler Grandmother enters)
Grandmother-Riddle: - Hello, guys! So I decided to visit you. Remember me?
That's right, I'm Grandma the Riddler. And today I also prepared my riddles for you. And magic mirrors will help you solve them.
(Each child is given a mirror)
So listen up:
Brother and brother live across the street.
And they don't see one another (eyes)
Take a good look at yourself in the mirror. What do you think it is?
That's right, it's the eyes. Listen to the next riddle.
If it wasn't for him, he wouldn't say anything. (Language)
Here is a mountain, and near the mountain there are two deep holes.
In these holes, air wanders, then enters, then exits. (Nose)They do not sow, they do not plant, they grow themselves. (Hair)
I will open the stable, I will show a flock of white sheep. (teeth and mouth)
And now, guys, I want to play a game with you called “Fix the Mistakes”.
Do you think the head is needed to sniff? You agree with me? Explain why?
Do you need eyes to breathe? Ears - to speak? Nose to draw? Hands to walk? Legs - to think? Mouth - to look?
(A pause is made after each question to allow the children to refute it and give their reasons)
The next game is “Say the Word”. I start a sentence, you finish.
What are we doing with our heads? (think). What are we doing with our ears? (we listen). Eyes..? (look). Nose..? (breathe, sniff). Mouth..? (we eat, we drink, we talk). Hands..? (take, hold). Fingers..? (touch, stroke, draw). Legs..? (walk, run, jump).
AND last game"Call it kindly." Name all parts of the body affectionately: arm (handle), leg (leg), shoulder (shoulder), nose (nose), hair (hair), finger (finger), head (head, little head), cheek (cheek), ear ( ear), belly (tummy), eye (peephole).
Game "Tell me about the giant"
Gingerbread Man: - Guys, I know one giant and he has not a nose, but a nose. Not hands, but... Oh, I don't know what to say? Help me please.
Not hands, but ... hands; not eyes, but ... eyes; not lips, but ... ruins; not fists, but ... fists; not elbows, but ... elbows; not legs, but ... knives; not nails, but ... nails; not teeth, but ... teeth; not hair, but hairs; not eyebrows, but ... eyebrows; not a stomach, but ... a stomach.
Mysterious Granny: - And guys, it's time for me to say goodbye to you. Goodbye!
3. Summary of the lesson
Kolobok: - Oh, how I also want to be like people.
Educator: - Guys, let's imagine that Kolobok has all parts of the body like a person. Let's draw his portrait and give it to him.
(Children draw a portrait of Kolobok and give it to him)
Gingerbread Man: Thank you guys. How beautiful I am in your drawings and similar to a person. Goodbye!
