Astrology is the doctrine of methods for predicting earthly events, the nature and fate of an individual.
The characteristic of the signs of the Zodiac is based on the position of the Sun at the time of birth of a person. Even in ancient times, people noticed that passing through the 12 signs of the Zodiac, the Sun in each of them has its own unique influence on a person and his destiny.
As a rule, vulnerability is precisely those moments in a person’s life that cannot be dealt with. It's like the unprotected side of the personality, a character trait that is difficult to fight. Today we will tell you about such characteristics of each zodiac sign.
Aries
Capriciousness, mood swings. Your mood is playing against you, so you should learn to see positive sides in everything that surrounds you. So you can “mute” your whims.
Taurus
Fear of loneliness. You may have had negative experiences in the past. Someone let you down or left you, so now you are afraid to trust people. Don't make this mistake! Trust that your loved ones will never hurt you.
Twins
Fear of someone else's opinion. Your brain literally boils when you start thinking about the opinions of others. It prevents you from relaxing. Please try to think less! This will do you good.
Self control. You try to keep everything under control, which prevents you from enjoying life. Try to loosen the straps a little.
Hidden self-doubt. Everyone thinks that you are too self-confident, but in fact, you quite often hide your insecurities under this mask! Do not doubt your abilities.
Virgo
Self-criticism and criticism of others. You are not only self-critical, but also pester others with criticism, which is bad for interpersonal relationships. Let everyone be themselves!
Scales
Fear of someone else's opinion. You are so afraid of letting down and disappointing other people that you literally torment yourself with the desire to achieve the perfect result. Be calm, it's not the end of the world!
Scorpion
Trust issues. This is a very difficult problem, but you need to try to start with the closest ones. Be more open with them to pave the way for enduring trust.
Sagittarius
Lack of attention to yourself. You crave to be the center of attention, so when this doesn't happen, you literally fall into depression. Let others get their share of the attention of others. You're not on stage!
Capricorn
Fear of making a mistake. This is a common fear, but it is still quite dangerous. You become a slave to your fears, so you cannot relax. Do not worry! Mistakes are needed in order to learn from them.
Aquarius
Sensitivity, but suppression of these emotions. You are terribly afraid to show your feelings in front of others. Even to the closest people, you are not able to confess tender, quivering feelings and experiences. If you cannot do it with words, try to express everything with actions.
Fish
Uncertainty about the correctness of their actions and decisions. You should not think that every action you take can be wrong. Even if this turns out to be the case, you can move on and not repeat such a mistake again. Allow yourself to be a person who is confident in what he does.
Here they are, the vulnerable sides of the signs of the Zodiac. Remember, everyone has weaknesses, but even from them you can make your own strengths!
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Ford Focus is among the leaders of the Russian car market from year to year. In the secondary market, this model is also in great demand, but in this case, you need to choose the right car. First of all, the future owner of the "Focus" should pay attention to the most problematic places.
Representatives of the second generation of "Focuses" seem to be crowding out even domestic products. And although you can hear from skeptics that this machine is devoid of personality, and it is only suitable for office plankton, this is not so. After all, since the founding of Ford, the most important task was the production of mass-produced cars that would combine high quality and minimum price. If someone wants something more original, then you can buy, for example, the third Mazda, which is technically no different, standing out only with a different “package”. However, it is worth disassembling the "Focus" on the shelves. It will also be useful to compare it with the Mazda 3.
Salon and body Ford Focus
Both Mazda and Ford have a body that feels confident in the conditions of the Russian winter. The problem is the rapidly cloudy Ford paintwork. In addition, in places such as thresholds, arches, hood and bumper, the paint may even begin to peel off in just a few years. However, due to the good galvanizing of the body, it does not come to corrosion. At Mazda, the situation is about the same, with the only difference being that softer metal is used here.
Everything is decent with the interior of Ford and Mazda, and they are similar even in interior design. By the way, good view the interior saves even when the car's mileage exceeds 300 thousand kilometers. This undoubted plus should be taken into account when buying, so as not to consider an old car as fresher than it really is.
Suspension Ford Focus
The similarity between the Ford Focus and the Mazda 3 is largely determined by the universal C1 platform, which was noted on such cars as the Mazda 5, Ford Focus C-Max, Volvo S40, and more. I must say that this platform is available on both generations of the third Mazda. The whole difference between the first and second generation is in the different settings of silent blocks, springs, stabilizers and shock absorbers. As a result, the Mazda 3 of the second generation has somewhat lost the qualities that were most valued in this car - playfulness and sharpness. However, despite this, even it remains somewhat more reckless than the Ford Focus II. But if some innovator decides to "outweigh" the "Ford" suspension on the Mazda, this will not lead to anything worthwhile due to some differences. These differences concern for the most part the front: the lower arms and subframe of the Mazda are somewhat different.
The resource of running elements for both cars is approximately the same. It is difficult to say how long the suspension can live, since a lot of different factors affect its condition. But in general, we can say that under normal operating conditions, both the rear and front suspension live an average of 80,000 km (with original spare parts). After this period, as a rule, all silent blocks and suspension assemblies with levers are changed. Sometimes they are replaced individually with non-original spare parts, but experience shows that this practice does not justify itself and the result will not have to be enjoyed for long.
It should be noted that even if the car has low mileage and perfect condition, but it is five or six years old, you should not count on the same resource as a new car. The reason for this is rubber bushings, which lose their qualities over time and can break by 25-30 thousand shoots.
The front shock absorbers are also sensitive to operating conditions. If the roads are bad, then they can last 120 thousand meters, and only 60 thousand. The first option is more likely in the case of driving on flat roads. Thrust bearings fail along with shock absorbers, so it makes more sense to change them at the same time. Usually, by this time, the front wheel bearings, which are assembled with the hub, have exhausted their resources. Rear bearings can last twice as long.
Another feature is the ball bearings, which are tenacious even in Russian conditions, which, on average, overcome the milestone of 150,000 km. On the Mazda, they need to be changed along with the levers, and on the Ford, this can be done separately: for this, it is enough to cut off the rivets and put the part on the bolts. I must say that the “grinder” can be very useful when repairing the chassis of the Ford Focus, in light of the fact that its threaded connections tend to stick strongly. As for Mazda, it does not have this problem and, most likely, this is due to other components.
There were no complaints about the brakes. However, if the rear discs can properly "brake" about 100,000 km, then the front ones can endure much less - about 60,000 km. On average, brake pads run about 30 thousand km, but not in a metropolis, where this period should be reduced.
Ford Focus engines
The "Focuses" of the Russian assembly had five engine options. All of them can be conditionally divided into two groups: with a chain drive of 1.8 and 2 liters and "belt" of 1.4 and 1.6 liters. The most reliable and also the easiest to maintain are the "belt" versions 1.4 and 1.6 for 80 and 100 hp. In constructive terms, they almost do not differ from each other, and every 80-90 thousand km is enough for their maintenance. change the belt with rollers and every 30 thousand km - candles.
With the replacement of spark plugs, it is better not to delay, as they often turn sour. This is especially true for 1.6-liter engines. And if the candle breaks off when unscrewing, you will have to change or repair the block head.
1.6 liter Ti-VCT engine with 115 hp also belongs to the "belt" group, but has a difference in the form of a mechanism for changing the valve timing. Its clutches are not reliable, and this is especially true for the first versions of the car. Therefore, every second belt replacement, it is advisable to change them too.
With Duratec engines of 1.8 and 2 liters (125 and 145 hp), there will be a little more trouble, especially with 1.8. Here, the firmware of the ECU block, which is deservedly considered unfinished, can deliver trouble. This is expressed in a lack of traction, starting on the second or third attempt, and unstable idling. In addition, on both engines, upon reaching the hundred thousandth mileage, the generator may fail. By the way, similar problems often appear after washing the motor.
After the factory increased the service interval to 20,000 km, the engines began to gradually absorb oil, and in such quantities that the owners of the Focus had to add it to a liter every week. With such a run, especially in "cork" conditions, the properties of the oil are lost, which results in a decrease in efficiency and "occurrence" of oil scraper rings. As preventive measure can be called an oil change at ten thousand km.
Mazda has similar problems - its three-liter unit is almost the same as Ford's. As for the 1.6-liter engine, there are already noticeably more differences. 105 hp unit almost does not need service and has a timing chain drive, capable of surviving up to 300,000 km under normal operating conditions.
Another property of Ford engines is the absence of a separate fuel filter. In the case of the Focus, it is built into the fuel pump. You can get to it by removing the gas tank. And if you use high-quality fuel, then it will last at least 150,000 km.
Ford Focus transmission
And on the "Focuses", and on the "Mazda" it is quite reliable. Ford's "mechanics" with a 1.8-liter engine were most criticized: an aggressive environment can disable the axis of the satellites in the differential. True, this rarely happens. In order not to bring the box to a costly complete bulkhead, you should contact the service as soon as strange noises begin to come from somewhere below.
There are no complaints about the “automatic” at all. It is very reliable, although not too fast. Both on automatic machines and on mechanics, an oil change is recommended upon reaching 50-60 thousand km. run. But on the "Focuses" with a two-liter unit and "automatic" internal CV joints wear out pretty quickly - their average mileage is somewhere around 100,000 km. True, in the early versions, both internal and external CV joints had a resource of over 200,000 km.
Steering Ford Focus
Although Ford's steering racks are different from Mazda's different mounts and characteristics, but with all the differences they are equally good. There are almost no problems, and in trouble-free operating conditions, oil will flow no earlier than after 200,000 km. As for the steering tips, their life expectancy is 100-150 thousand km. On cars with a "chain" unit, there are reliable electric hydraulic boosters that almost never create problems.
As for the versions with engines of 1.4 and 1.6 liters, they are equipped with a classic power steering, which in the spring can behave quite capriciously, however, not always. The reason is the accumulation of condensate in the system, due to which the bypass valves freeze. If this happens, there is a high chance that the oil pipes will “leak” while turning the steering wheel. You can prevent this by waiting until the engine compartment warms up and the steering wheel gains freedom during rotation. Changing the oil in the system every 50,000 km can also bring benefits.
Conclusion
The third generation Ford Focus has become more complex in terms of design and, accordingly, more expensive. In this regard, the "Focus" of the second generation is perceived as the optimum: the disadvantages inherent in the first generation have already been eliminated, and the complexity power units has not yet reached the degree that can be observed in the third model. The absence of unnecessary complexity in a used car in general is a definite plus.
In view of this, the second generation Focus and Mazda 3 are perhaps the best representatives of the secondary market in the golf class. Both the engines and transmissions are quite reliable, and the interior trim is resistant to damage. And since the number of copies on the market is very large, there is always the opportunity to choose a car that is not worn out. A big plus is the affordable service and the abundance of spare parts. To date, none of the competitors can boast of such.
You don’t need to wave your fists anyhow, but aim at the most vulnerable places human body. What are these places, and how to beat them, today we will tell.
1. Ankle joint
It is affected by a “trampling” kick from top to bottom, or by a “football” kick in a horizontal plane from the front or side. It is better that the attacking leg is in shoes. This place is very sensitive in almost all people, because from childhood it is protected by shoes, and there is no muscular cover here.
Source: army.lv
2. Calf
The two tibias located here (small and large) are almost not covered by muscles, so the pain from hitting them pierces the whole body, like an electrical discharge. You can attack the lower leg both with the inner (with a “football” kick) and the outer (with a side kick) side of the foot. This is best done with a hard edge of your shoes. However, you can hit with both the heel (heel) and the sole. Just do not hit the shin with a toe, as it can slip off and then the blow will not cause significant harm to the enemy.
Source: army.lv
3. Knee joint
Knee - best target for low level kicks. It is convenient to hit him from all sides, with any part of the foot, at any angle (from top to bottom, from bottom to top, horizontally), by any movement - pushing, swinging, trampling.
Source: army.lv
4. Crotch
This target can be hit with anything - toe and instep, heel, knee, fist, edge and base of the palm, fingertips pressed together.
You can not even beat, but simply grab the genitals with your hand and pull them towards you - to the side. However, this place has been protected by men since childhood. We all tend to purely reflexively cover our perineum with our hand or thigh when trying to attack it. Therefore, such a blow rolls only with a distraction of the enemy’s attention, for example: a whipping blow of the hand over the eyes.
Source: army.lv
5. Lower abdomen (pubic area)
There is no muscular armor in the lower part of the abdomen, and numerous neurovascular plexuses are located inside the abdominal cavity. It is better to strike here with the toe of the shoe, with the knee, with the fist, with the tips of the fingers clenched together.
Source: army.lv
6. Solar plexus ("sun")
It is convenient to hit him with the elbow, knee, fist, base of the palm, second phalanges of the fingers, clenched in the manner of the so-called "devil's paw" (see figure). It is difficult to break through the sun in the "musclings", overgrown with powerful muscles. But even they can't keep their abs tight all the time. On inspiration, the abdominal muscles relax, and this target opens up for defeat.
Source: army.lv
7. Cardiac plexus
This target is located just below the left nipple. Everything said about the "sun" is true here. We only add that when strong blow in the region of the heart, it can stop. Then death will come instantly. It is necessary to know about this in order not to hit there (the cardiac nerve plexus is more vulnerable than the solar one).
And self-defense with or without weapons.
Please note that there is an insignificant difference between vulnerabilities and pain points. Places are fairly large areas. And the points - where exactly you need to poke, aim, mark. Whereas you can hit places almost without looking, you still get there. Naturally, it is preferable to hit in places than in points - the chances of success are higher.
The difference between pain points and vulnerable points is also significant. For example, there is a painful point behind the cheekbone in a person. But! In addition to getting sick, and not very much, she can do nothing. It can be used to torment someone. But not for effective self-defense. So don't get too carried away with pain points. Rather, pay attention to vulnerabilities.
The location of vulnerable points on the human body
to the areas where they are vulnerable points of the hull , include the perineum, solar plexus, ribs, heart, liver, spleen, armpits, kidneys, coccyx.
Through perineum there are many large vessels and nerves, the genital organs are located above, which in themselves are very sensitive. A blow to the perineum causes pain shock and the danger of rupture of the bladder.
Dot solar plexus located in the center of the chest. Many vital organs (heart, liver, stomach) are located near the solar plexus. Here is the largest cluster of nerves. There are no ribs in this area, so it turns out to be unprotected and a blow to it produces a very strong pain effect. Pain shock, shortness of breath, gastric bleeding, interruptions in the work of the heart, loss of consciousness - this is not a complete list of the consequences of such a blow.
By the way, there are vulnerabilities good book— Black medicine.
By its structure ribs- the most fragile bones in humans. Therefore, fractures of the 5th-8th ribs occur even with moderate impacts. Broken ribs cause a painful shock, and their fragments can damage vital organs.
In the region of the lower ribs are liver and spleen. A blow to the liver is especially effective, since, even if it is not very strong, it leads to damage to the organ, which entails the complete incapacitation of the enemy. The liver is located under the lower ribs with right side, and you should strike with your left hand (fist, elbow, edge of the palm) and knee in close combat or use a direct blow with your left foot with medium distance And right foot with the lateral (outer edge of the foot). Similarly, blows are applied to the spleen area, given that it is on the left.
IN armpits large blood vessels and nerves pass through. Unlike many other areas of the body, they have neither bone nor muscle protection, so the sensations of a blow to the armpits resemble a strong electric shock. As a result of such a blow, pain shock and the impossibility of the functioning of the hand occur.
kidneys located in close proximity to the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity. They do not have bone protection, therefore they are very vulnerable. When hit on the kidneys, strong pain, their rupture and internal hemorrhage are possible. Portal “Weapons that better weapons”recommends that you first find the kidneys in yourself. And poke a couple of times. For a test. When striking, it should be borne in mind that the kidneys are located approximately at the same level with the elbow joint of the arm straightened along the body.
kick in coccyx area can damage the central nervous system and cause severe pain or even paralysis.
TO vulnerable points heads include nasal bones, superciliary arch, lower jaw, ears, eyes, zygomatic arches, temple, occiput.
nasal bones located in the junction of the nasal cartilage and the skull, between the eyebrows. A blow to the nasal bones causes profuse bleeding, which makes breathing difficult, as well as impairs vision and can lead to painful shock. The most dangerous is a blow to the nose from the bottom up with the base of the palm. It is convenient to use in close combat. With an accurate hit and even a slight blow, the enemy can be killed.
On superciliary arch are clusters of nerve endings and small blood vessels. When hit in the superciliary arch, the vessels burst, causing hemorrhage in the eyes, which impairs vision, and the impact on the nerve endings guarantees a strong pain effect.
zygomatic arch, located under the eye, is quite fragile and is easily injured by a fist, which leads to pain shock and loss of vision.
Eyes- the most vulnerable area of the head. The eyes are completely unprotected from mechanical impact. Even a slight touch of them leads to long-term loss of vision. Therefore, any blows to the eyes or pressure with the fingers are extremely effective.
Lower jaw is a mobile bone formation, and this is its vulnerability, since a blow delivered to this place can cause its displacement with a simultaneous rupture of the muscles fastened to the fixed part of the skull, as well as crush the bone, which leads to a painful shock and loss of consciousness in the enemy . In boxing, this point is known as the knockout area.
kick in chin can cause the enemy to lose consciousness as a result of a concussion or a knocked out lower jaw. As a result of a blow from below, the tongue can be severely injured.
Palm strike on auricles leads to damage to the outer ear and, as a result, to hearing loss. There are many blood vessels and nerves in the area near the ears, so a blow here causes bleeding and loss of consciousness due to pain shock.
IN temple area the bones of the skull are the thinnest and can be pierced with a relatively weak blow. The consequences of fractures at these points can be fatal.
When turning the enemy, along with blows to the kidneys, blows to the occipital part. In this case, the base of the skull is affected, and if the blow is strong enough, then the consequences can be the most severe, and if the attack is not very effective, the enemy temporarily loses the ability to navigate and experiences pain.
Neck is the location of the vital blood vessels on the sides, the cervical vertebrae on the back, and the extremely vulnerable "Adam's apple" in the throat. Strong blows with damage to the vertebrae can cause paralysis. Side blows to the neck, performed with the edge of the palm, can cause a sharp violation of the blood circulation of the brain, which, in turn, can lead to loss of consciousness. An exact blow to the throat, in addition to severe pain, causes respiratory arrest due to a sharp contraction of the muscles in the throat area.
TO vulnerable points of the lower and upper limbs include the kneecaps, the outer and inner parts of the knee, lower leg, foot, thigh muscles on the legs and elbow joint, brushes and fingers on the hands.
The most effective attacks elbow joint And kneecap of the supporting leg. A blow to these areas causes severe pain and immobility of the joints.
Direct hit to outer part knee leads to the destruction of the joint due to its unnatural deflection to the other side and causes severe pain and immobility of the knee. A blow to the inside of the knee damages the ligaments and tendons around the patella, causing severe pain and immobility knee joint. A blow to the patella causes its displacement and makes the limb immobile.
Most effective blow V shin is a blow with the outer edge of the foot at about one third of the length of the lower leg from below. In this place, the bone is the least protected and thin, which can cause a fracture, and with a not too strong blow, very painful sensations.
IN foot the thinnest and most fragile bones of the legs are located. They can easily be destroyed, but the arsenal of blows to these weak spots is not rich. These are basically strikes with the heel or the sole of the foot from top to bottom. More often they are applied when the enemy is behind the back of the attacked.
The blow inflicted on thigh muscles, leads to their paralysis as a result of a sharp contraction. In close combat, a knee strike is effective, while in mid-range combat, a side kick with a foot lift is effective.
Elbows, hands and fingers as objects of attack are mainly during painful holds for fractures of the joints.
