Updated: 14.02.2018 15:58:48
It is difficult to overestimate the popularity of football - according to numerous questions, this game is the most popular view sports around the world. From small indoor competitions to world and European championships, football competitions are watched by millions of people around the world. But football is not only an impeccable playing technique, it is also the right equipment. Socks, shorts, cleats and especially the ball - all affect the enjoyment of the game. Based on the results of the analysis of the reviews of experienced football players, this article was written, which will surely help you choose correct ball for playing football.
The best soccer ball manufacturers - which company to choose
There are a lot of companies involved in the production of soccer balls and related equipment at the present time. On sale are both inexpensive models of domestic production, as well as products of world famous brands certified by FIFA and produced for prestigious international competitions. If we talk about specific manufacturers, the following manufacturers are heard by football fans:
The above brands are manufacturers of the first category, it is their products that belong to the so-called "first echelon" and are used in competitions international level. However, in addition to expensive models, you can also find budget products on sale, which will surely be affordable for almost every football fan.
soccer ball device
The soccer ball is familiar to each of us. It is a complex structure consisting of at least three main layers:
The outer tire, made of thirty-two panels of five- and hexagonal shapes, sewn together with strong threads. These elements are made of genuine leather, which provides high performance properties, wear resistance and the ability to withstand powerful blows football players without injury;
The lining is a shock-absorbing layer that prevents damage to the camera and absorbs impacts during the game. The performance of the ball depends entirely on how correct the gasket is;
Camera - a special rubber element, inflated with air, thanks to which the ball keeps its shape and has the properties it needs;
The classic, well-known design of the soccer ball was developed by Select half a century ago, but now you can find soccer balls in absolutely any color and shade on sale.
Types of soccer balls
The highest quality, proven and, accordingly, expensive models certified by FIFA and other international associations. Generally purchased by professional gaming companies high level, as well as prestigious football championships. As a rule, even models from different manufacturers have similar characteristics, structure and even color - all this is the result of careful adherence to international standards.
Advantages
Top quality workmanship;
Availability of all necessary documents confirming the quality of products;
The same performance characteristics for all models;
Classic appearance;
Flaws
- High price;
Match
Compared to the models described above, match soccer balls differ in much more democratic characteristics and, accordingly, in price. They are designed for playing football on any type of surface, and their performance properties provide maximum durability and wear resistance, regardless of the intensity of the game.
Advantages
A huge variety of colors and shades;
Full compliance with generally accepted standards;
Flaws
-
Not quite suitable for yard games;
Training balls
As a rule, this class of balls includes inexpensive models that differ in the use of budget materials - instead of leather, polyvinyl chloride is used, and instead of a strong thread that fastens the elements, heat treatment of the seams is used here. Such a design could not but affect the price: training balls are much cheaper than their counterparts:
Advantages
Versatile, suitable for playing on all types of surfaces and coatings;
Decent workmanship;
The cost is very democratic;
Flaws
Low mechanical strength;
The quality is lower than that of professional and match models;
Futsal balls and indoor models
Compact models with low spring and inertia characteristics. Such balls practically do not jump, and therefore are suitable for playing on almost any surface. They differ in manufacturing design - the outer tire in some situations may have a fleecy coating, as well as in size - these balls are much smaller than their counterparts and are suitable for playing futsal;
Advantages
High quality manufacturing;
Low spring characteristics;
Compact dimensions;
Flaws
- They are used exclusively for playing indoors and for mini-football;
Their design initially implies use on a sandy or grassy surface, and therefore very specific requirements are imposed on their design. Firstly, such a ball should be soft and allow you to play comfortably on the sand. Secondly, it should not be heavy in order to play as comfortably as possible even with bare feet. Another feature of these balls is a very democratic cost.
Advantages
High quality workmanship;Softness
Softness;
Light weight;
Democratic price;
Flaws
Low strength;
Insufficient resistance to mechanical stress;
To find the right one for you soccer ball, attention should be paid to the following features:
Ball size
All soccer balls are divided into three conditional categories:
The third size is compact balls, up to 65 centimeters in circumference and up to 330-335 grams of weight;
The fourth size - weight up to 360 grams, circumference up to 70 centimeters;
The fifth size is the largest soccer balls. Reach 75 centimeters in circumference and weigh 400 grams;
Assembly method
As noted above, all soccer balls are a "constructor" assembled from many particles. The way they are connected can be one of three:
Machine stitching. Nylon threads are used, and the places where the seam will pass are pre-marked. The downside of this design is not enough high strength;
Manual stitching. The seam is made by hand with a special needle, and therefore is characterized by maximum strength and reliability. Of the minuses, a rather high cost due to the use of manual labor should be noted;
Gluing. The easiest and lowest quality way to assemble the ball. It is used, as a rule, exclusively in inexpensive ball models;
ball camera
An interior designed to retain air and ensure proper performance of the ball. Almost always made from latex or butyl. The first option is better in terms of operation, but very often it "etches" the air and, accordingly, needs to be pumped. The second, on the contrary, perfectly holds pressure, however, it is characterized by excessive rigidity and density, which negatively affects general characteristics ball.
Outer layer material
For quite a long time, balls were made of genuine leather, but now this material has faded into the background and is the lot of exclusive, most expensive models. The lion's share of the balls on sale are made of polyurethane or polyvinyl chloride-PVC. Polyurethane is similar in its parameters to genuine leather and has characteristics similar to it, and therefore is used in the most expensive ball models. PVC is the lot of cheap models of the budget price range.
Lining
An intermediate layer that provides the necessary rigidity and elasticity during the game, as well as retaining the shape of the ball. The most popular is a special foam material that does not have memory and perfectly retains its shape even with intense play.
If you are a professional football player, use the appropriate equipment and play in specialized turf stadiums, it is best to prefer professional or match balls;
Playing on a summer day on the beach sand requires the use of compact beach models;
If the main type of game is futsal or futsal, a compact ball should be preferred for closed areas;
Ordinary yard football or amateur matches are not so demanding on the quality of the ball. For this reason, the training ball will become the best option;
If a ball is chosen for children, it is necessary to take into account age group and correlate it with the size of the ball. For the smallest football players, whose age is 7-8 years, a ball of 3 numbers is suitable. And vice versa, it is best for 14-15 year old teenagers to buy a ball of the fifth number;
How much does a soccer ball cost?
Inexpensive soccer balls of the training class cost about 1000-1500 rubles;
Polyurethane training balls have a higher price, about 2-4 thousand rubles;
High-quality match models from famous manufacturers are even more expensive. The cost of such models starts at around 4-4.5 thousand and ends at 7-8 thousand rubles;
The most expensive are professional balls. Their price can reach 15-20 thousand for a quality branded item.
All you need for the lesson "how to draw a ball with a pencil step by step" is a compass for drawing a circle. If you don’t have a compass handy, a round object that you can circle around to get an even circle will do. Of course, you still need a pencil.
How to draw a ball with a pencil step by step
Drawing a soccer ball step by step is actually quite easy. Draw an even circle with a pencil.
A soccer ball is made up of pentagons and hexagons. Draw a pentagon in the center of the already created circle. See below picture.
The following figure shows how to draw the soccer ball further. From the end point of the line, draw two lines to different sides. Try to keep them the same length too.
Similarly, you need to do for the rest of the lines coming from the pentagon.
There is very little left in drawing this lesson. We close the lines - we get hexagons. Study the following figure carefully. You should get one pentagon, and hexagons around it.
In the Evolution of the Soccer project, photographer Jens Heilmann has collected photographs of the balls used in the World Cup since 1930.
1. The ball of the 1930 World Cup, which was held in Uruguay, hides the history of the birth of the World Cup. In the final, the team - the mistress of the championship met with the national team of Argentina. The unthinkable: then it was not qualifying matches teams were invited to the championship. But out of 16 teams, only 13 came to the championship. (© Jens Heilmann)
2. World Cup in Italy in 1934. Benito Mussolini was in power during the World Cup in Italy, where the main "hero" was just such a ball. (© Jens Heilmann)
3. France 1938 The shadow of Nazism lay at the third World Cup. Not 16, but only 15 teams then fought for the title of champion. (© Jens Heilmann)
4. Brazil 1950 After a 12-year break, the World Cup returned to Brazil. Uruguay won it. (© Jens Heilmann)
5. Switzerland 1954 Three times this ball hit the gates of the Hungarian team in the final of the championship, making the German team world champions. (© Jens Heilmann)
6 Sweden 1958 In the 50s, with the advent of FIFA, the selection of balls became tougher. Then Brazil received its first world title, and 17-year-old Pele made his debut in the championships. (© Jens Heilmann)
7. Chile 1962 That World Cup famous match Chile - Italy went down in history under the name "Battle of Santiago". The first foul took place in the 16th second, and in the 7th minute the Italians had already lost one player. Later it will be calculated that in the first 20 minutes the ball was in play only four of them! (© Jens Heilmann)
8. England 1966 The red leather ball brought victory to the hosts of the championship - the England team. The captain of the national team received the cup from the hands of Queen Elizabeth II. (© Jens Heilmann)
9. Mexico 1970 The black and white soccer ball we are used to seeing. From this championship, Adidas starts supplying balls to the tournament. (© Jens Heilmann)
10. Germany 1974 At the World Cup in their home country, the German team received its second title. Then the captain was Kaiser Franz Beckenbauer. (© Jens Heilmann)
11. Argentina 1978 With the advent of Tango, the design of soccer balls has changed a bit. (© Jens Heilmann)
12. Spain 1982 And again "Tango". (© Jens Heilmann)
13. Mexico 1986 The Azteca ball was made from synthetic materials. It was this ball that flew into the goal from the “Hand of God” of the great Diego. (© Jens Heilmann)
14. Italy 1990 In this championship there was not only the official ball (“Etrusco Unico”), but also the official anthem - “Un Estate Italiana”. (© Jens Heilmann)
15. USA 1994 The Cuestra championship ball was just lightning fast. (© Jens Heilmann)
16. France 1998 With the Tricolor ball, a little color was added to the championship. (© Jens Heilmann)
17. /Japan 2002. With the advent of the Fevernova ball, the design of the soccer ball has changed, moving away from the traditional black and white version. (© Jens Heilmann)
18. Germany 2006 In 2006, the Italian team won the World Cup by scoring winning goal against the French team. Ball "Timgaist". (© Jens Heilmann)
19. South Africa 2010. Players, coaches and, most importantly, goalkeepers complained about Jabulani. This is the roundest ball in the history of football championships. (© Jens Heilmann)
Each FIFA World Cup has its own ball design. AiF.ru invites readers to remember how the shape and size of the projectile changed at the 20 World Cup.
The evolution of world cup soccer balls starting from Tiento1930 to Brazuka 2014
The first leather soccer balls were white. But due to the fact that such a ball was poorly visible to the fans, since 1951 they began to use balls with wide colored stripes, as well as orange balls. The official size and weight of the soccer ball, established as early as 1872, did not change until 1937. The size was 27-28 inches and the weight was 13-15 ounces. Since 1937, the weight of the ball has increased to 14-16 ounces, and the size has remained the same until today.
Until the middle of the 20th century, balls were made of leather and “sewn together” with leather laces. However, during the rain, such balls became very heavy, so in the early 60s, natural leather was replaced with synthetic materials. The balls have become stronger and lighter.
Tiento, T- Model(Uruguay, 1930)
At the World Cup in Uruguay, due to disagreements between the teams participating in the match, the organizers had to allow the teams to use two different balls. In the first half, the teams played with a ball called "Tiento", provided by the Argentine side, and after the break, the Uruguayans introduced their "T-Model" ball, which was larger and heavier. The ball consisted of 12 parts.
Federale 102 (Italy, 1934)
The official ball of the 1934 World Cup in Italy, the "Federale 102", was made by a Roman firm called ECAS. The ball was made up of 13 polygons, which were tightly sewn together by hand. A feature of this ball was the presence of a separate panel with cotton lacing, which replaced the leather one. The former version of lacing gave the players a lot of inconvenience and often caused injuries.
Allen(France, 1938)
Hosting the 1938 World Cup, France made its own ball. It was called "Allen", after the manufacturer's name, and was similar in design to the "Federale 102", but the edges of the ball's panels were rounded, the lacing on a separate panel was white. The ball was made by hand.
Duplo T (Brazil, 1950)
The ball of the World Cup in Brazil "Duplo T" was fundamentally different from its predecessors in that the lacing disappeared from the leather surface forever. The ball could be inflated with a pump and a needle through the valve. Like its predecessors, the ball was leather, handcrafted, and comprised of 12 panels, but they themselves were more curved. In the Brazilian championship, FIFA allowed the company logo and text to be printed on the ball for the first time, but the following four championships this was no longer allowed.
Swiss World ChampionSwitzerland, 1954 G.)
Since 1954, FIFA began to officially regulate the size, weight and diameter of balls. The orange "Swiss World Champion" ball, made by Basel's Kost Sport, was the first ball to have 18 panels.
Top Star (Sweden 1958)
The official ball of the 1958 World Cup in Sweden - "Top Star" - was chosen by FIFA representatives. It was made by the Swedish company Sydsvenska Läder-och Remfabriken, consisted of 24 panels and was presented in three colors: brown, orange and white. Each of national teams, who took part in the world championship, received 30 balls each.
Crack Top StarChile, 1962 G.)
The "Crack Top Star" ball was made by Chilean manufacturer Custodio Zamora. It was an orange projectile, consisting of 18 panels. He did not make much impression on the opening match referee Ken Aston, and the referee sent the organizers for the European ball, which arrived at the game by the second half. Different balls were used in different World Cup matches in Chile as European teams did not trust local balls.
Challenge 4-star (England. 1966)
The "Challenge 4-star" ball of the 1966 championship consisted of 25 panels and came in two versions - yellow and orange. It was hand-sewn by the British company Slesinger. In official matches, there was no branding on the balls.
Telstar (Mexico, 1970)
At the championship in Mexico, for the first time, they played with a ball from Adidas. It was made of leather and consisted of 12 black pentagons and 20 white hexagons. The name of the ball "Telstar" was formed from the name of the American artificial Earth satellite, launched into orbit in 1962. In addition, the ball was nicknamed "Star of Television" ("star of television"), as the design of the ball was well suited for black and white TV. The World Cup in Mexico was the first World Cup to be broadcast in live on TV.
Telstar Durlast (Germany, 1974)
At the World Championships in Germany, the Telstar Durlast ball was used. The material and manufacturing technique were identical to those used to create the 1970 Telstar.
Tango (Argentina, 1978)
For the 1978 World Cup, the Tango ball was created, in which 20 triads were used, creating the optical impression of 12 identical circles. One of its advantages over other balls was considered to be improved weather resistance.
Tango España (Spain 1982)
For the World Cup - 1982 in Spain, the ball "Tango España" was made. It was made from a mixture of genuine leather and synthetic materials. The ball had a special polyurethane coating as a water-repellent element.
Azteca (Mexico, 1986)
In Mexico, the championship was played with the Azteca ball. This is the first ball made entirely of synthetic material. The triads of the ball were depicted like Aztec frescoes.
+Teamgeist (Germany, 2006)
The name "+Teamgeist" means team spirit. The ball is made from 14 external structural panels, resulting in a 60% reduction in splices and improved hitting accuracy. As for the plus sign in front of the name of the ball, this was done due to the fact that the teamgeist regular expression itself could not be used as a trademark.
Jabulani (South Africa, 2010)
The ball is made in the South African style, and its name - "Jabulani" - in the Zulu language means "celebrate". The ball consisted of eight external structural panels, interconnected using heat sealing technology. The design used 11 different colors. These colors represent the 11 players on each team, the 11 official languages South Africa and 11 South African tribes.
Brazuca (Brazil, 2014)
The World Cup ball in Brazil was named "Brazuca". The word has a dual meaning: it is used both to identify native Brazilians living abroad and as an expression of national pride. For the first time in history, the name of the ball for the World Cup was chosen by the fans. The ball consists of six panels and is decorated with ribbons in three shades, symbolizing the so-called wish bracelets worn in Brazil.
