What does coil size mean? How to choose a spinning reel

Spinning fishing directly depends on skills, experience, and, of course, the type and quality of gear that is used. In order for them to perform their functions 100%, it is necessary to be able to correctly combine individual elements. Otherwise, the equipment will not work entirely correctly, and the process of catching fish will bring inconvenience and problems instead of pleasure. For fishing, you will have to correctly select and arrange such individual elements as the spinning rod itself, the spinning reel with fishing line and the bait. If they all fit together technical specifications, then the assembled tackle will work correctly and flawlessly.

In this combination, the most important component is the coil, as it performs most of the functions. It must be suitable in all respects for the rod, bait and type of fishing that will be carried out with its help. An experienced fisherman may not need it additional information to purchase a spinning reel that meets all the criteria, but a beginner needs to read the recommendations before making a choice.

The classification of fishing reels includes only three varieties, which differ both in appearance and in technical characteristics, and are used by spinning anglers to a lesser or greater extent. These include:

• Inertia coils. They were popular in the last century, until more convenient and functional inertia-free products came into use. Nowadays, inertial mechanisms are used very rarely. Some fishermen use them when jigging, explaining that by using inertia, you can achieve maximum sensitivity of the fishing line, which allows you to better determine the bite. The main role in this is played by the method of fixing the fishing line with your fingers when performing wiring.

The main disadvantage of inertial reels is that when casting, when the bait has reached its extreme point and entered the water, the spinning reel spins further by inertia. If you do not stop it in a timely manner with your fingers, then a bundle will form from the loose line, which can become tangled.

Photo 1. Inertial coils.

• Spinning reels are now the most popular among fishermen. This is due to ease of use, quality, functionality and versatility. There are several subspecies of inertialess baits that are suitable for different fishing methods and all types of gear. Some of them can be used in combination with very thin fishing line and almost weightless baits designed for catching small predators. There are powerful reels that can handle heavy loads, which are used in combination with thick and durable fishing line.

The inertia-free device is very easy to use. Before casting, the fisherman tilts the spool and clamps the line so that it does not unwind. During the swing, when the rod reaches the extreme forward point, he releases his finger and the line unwinds after the bait, which flies unhindered and easily to the right place. When the bait reaches the point of contact with the water, the line stops unwinding, and the line layer returns to working condition. After this, you can perform wiring by winding the line with a handle.

Photo 2. Types of inertia-free coils.

• Multiplier reels. This type of gear has the most high power among all types of spinning reels, as well as a long casting range and line reeling speed. They are suitable only for experienced fishermen. For a beginner, it is recommended to stick to the inertia-free approach.

Photo 3. A modern animator requires a special mount.

Basic parameters when choosing a coil

It is necessary to familiarize yourself and understand several parameters, since choosing a fishing reel correctly without having the slightest idea about them will not work.

Experienced fishermen, as a rule, know how some products differ from others. They can purchase and use any of them. Therefore, the following information will be useful primarily to beginners. Since the choice of gear suitable for inexperienced fishermen is small, let’s figure out how to choose a spinning reel that will be easiest for them to use.

When purchasing, you need to pay attention to the following:

• smoothness and ease of movement;
• spool size;
• product weight;
• mechanism for laying fishing line in the reel;
• material for manufacturing the main elements;
• handle type;
• line handle.

Smooth and easy reel movement

The smoothness and ease of movement of the reel affects the sensitivity of the bait during fishing. It also determines how evenly the line will be wound onto the spool. If this parameter is selected incorrectly and the fishing line is laid unevenly, then during fishing you will experience the sensation of frequent false bites. The desire to cast the bait further away will also be impossible to realize.

The mechanism should not crunch or crack during operation, and individual parts should work without touching each other. It is very important to pay attention to the smoothness of the spool when purchasing. You need to run your finger along its side. If there are jags, it is better to avoid this specimen.

Reel and spool size

This parameter primarily affects the mechanism’s ability to withstand heavy loads. It also determines how much fishing line and how thick the spool can hold. It is measured in numbers 1000, 2000, 3000, etc. For example, a reel with the designation 3000 holds 100 meters of fishing line with a diameter of 0.3 mm or 300 meters with a diameter of 0.1 mm.

For light spinning rods and bait, it is recommended to select a reel with sizes from 1000 to 2500. Together, these elements will allow you to catch small fish without any difficulty. For medium and heavy fishing rods and lures, products with sizes from 3000 to 5000 are suitable. More substantial dimensions will allow you to catch heavy predators, but they are rarely used in spinning fishing. They are often bought for sea ​​fishing, trolling or carp fishing.

Thus, the size of the entire mechanism and spool affects the distance to which the bait can be cast and the diameter of the fishing line that will be used.

Selecting a spinning reel by weight

It is clear that the light weight of the reel provides an advantage to some extent. It's a little more convenient to use. But on the other hand, the lightweight mechanism is not made of such high-quality and durable materials. Heavy products are made of metal and durable elements. Therefore, if you give preference to one of these two indicators, then the second will have to be sacrificed. It is recommended not to chase one or the other, but to choose the average and focus on the weight of the rod, bait and the size of the fish that you plan to catch.

Line laying mechanism

There are two types of mechanisms that are equipped with an inertia-free spinning reel: with an endless screw (worm gear) and with a link (crank).

High-quality mechanisms of both types allow installation without humps and grooves. The line will lie smoothly and well.

There are two main types of fishing line winding: straight and cross. The first allows you to lay it evenly and tightly, and place more fishing line in the spool. The disadvantage is that adjacent turns can cling to each other and get stuck, which will negatively affect the quality of casting.

This moment is not present with cross winding, however, the amount of cord that the spool can accommodate is less.

Direct winding, in turn, is divided into three more subtypes: straight cone, reverse cone and cylindrical.

With the cylindrical laying method, the cord will lie parallel to the bobbin. In the case of straight and reverse cones, winding will be done at a slight angle.

Material for manufacturing the main elements

The quality and durability of the product directly depends on this. Inexpensive mechanisms, as a rule, are made from materials that are cheap in cost or easy to process. The result is a not entirely high-quality product that will not last even two seasons.

Conscientious manufacturers use various metals in production, which ensures strength, reliability and durability. The most commonly used are titanium (for the body), aluminum alloys (for the spool), bronze alloy (for gears), as well as steel and some polymers.

Friction brake

The friction brake is present in all types of spinning reels, but there are two types: front (relief notch and notches in the front of the spool) and rear (handle at the back of the reel).

The rear mechanism is heavier, larger and less sensitive. The advantage is that it is easier to adjust during fishing. Also, a spool with a rear friction brake can be easily replaced with another if the need arises. The front clutch is more sensitive and lighter, but it is more difficult to adjust.

A high-quality clutch should release the line smoothly without any jerking.

Handle mounting types

There are three types of handle mounting:

• screw-in;
• fastened with a screw;
• fastened with rivets.

There are no obvious advantages or disadvantages to either type. The only thing you should pay attention to when choosing screw-in and screw-on handles is the thread size. If it is very small, there is a risk of tearing it off when attaching it.

Line laying arm

It is important that it allows the line to easily come off the spool during casting and to freely fall onto the winding roller when blocked. You need to check this parameter and only then choose a spinning reel.

What else is worth paying attention to

Gear ratio indicates the number of revolutions of the line layer with one revolution of the handle. According to this criterion, coils are divided into three types:

• Power. The number of revolutions of the line layer is in the range of 4.0 – 4.7 per revolution of the handle.
• Universal– from 5.0 to 5.5 turns.
• Express– from 6.0 to 7.2 turns.

The choice of mechanism based on the gear ratio must be made taking into account the type of fishing that is planned to be carried out. For example, a power reel is suitable for heavy jigging when fishing for large specimens. For ultralight, take high-speed types.

This parameter is not as important for beginners as it is for experienced fishermen. If a person has only a general idea of ​​spinning fishing, then there shouldn’t even be any questions about which reel is right for him. Beginners need to take universal products.

Number of bearings is not decisive. If there are four of them in the mechanism, then all the rest are secondary. Now products of worse quality can have up to 12 ball bearings.

Manufacturer is also important, but not decisive. As a rule, when purchasing an expensive product from a famous brand, a considerable part of the total cost is taken on by its name. Therefore, before choosing a reel from a well-known company, you need to take into account that a significant part of the money will go into thin air. It is recommended to purchase products from trusted manufacturers in the mid-price category.

How to choose a coil based on the test?

Quite often the rod and reel are purchased separately. And although all recommendations were followed when choosing both the first and second, it turns out that they do not suit each other and do not work correctly. Therefore, it is important to understand whether a reel is suitable for spinning and how to choose the best option.

Don’t be upset in advance, since choosing a spinning rod and reel is easy if you know their parameters.

• I equip spinning rods with 10–12 g dough with reels no larger than 2000.
• When testing 10–30 g, you should set the coil from 2000 to 3500.
• For spinning rods with large dough, products with sizes from 4000 to 5000 are suitable.

Knowing the necessary parameters, choosing a spinning reel for a spinning rod will not be as difficult a task as it seemed at first. You should definitely familiarize yourself with them before choosing a reel for your spinning rod, so that you don’t regret your purchase in the future.

January 28, 2018

The combustible mixture supplied to the engine cylinders is ignited by a spark that jumps at the right moment between the electrodes of the spark plug. Such a powerful spark discharge is created electrical impulse high voltage. To understand how this is implemented in a car, it is worth studying the design and operating principle of the ignition coil, which plays a major role in this process.

Why do you need a coil?

For timely and complete combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder, a number of conditions must be met:

• electric discharge power is about 20 thousand volts;
• supplying an impulse to the spark plug when the piston reaches the top point with a 5° advance of the crankshaft revolution;
• the gap between the electrodes is 0.8–1.0 mm.

It is the high-voltage coil that is responsible for fulfilling the first condition. It is well known that the on-board voltage vehicles is 12 V, on some trucks (for example, KamAZ) - 24 V. Such characteristics are not suitable for reliable sparking.

To create a powerful spark that pierces a 1 mm wide air gap, the low voltage must be converted to create a higher potential - about 20 kV. For this purpose, a high-voltage ignition coil is used, which operates as part of the system as follows:

1. When the piston in one of the cylinders approaches top dead center (TDC), the compression stroke is completed.
2. The electronic control unit, receiving information from the crankshaft position sensor, commands sparking by sending a signal to the opening relay.
3. In standby mode, the coil is constantly under voltage from the on-board network - 12 V. The relay, at the command of the controller, opens this circuit and the power supply to the winding is stopped.
4. At the moment of rupture, the element generates a high-voltage pulse, sent through insulated wires to the electrodes of the corresponding spark plug.

Reference. The described algorithm has been used on cars since the last century. Then the power supply circuit was broken by the camshaft of the ignition distributor, which opened the contacts mechanically.

From this it becomes clear the purpose of the ignition coil - the formation of a short-term high-voltage pulse, taking advantage of the low voltage from the battery. How this happens inside an element, read in the next section.

Design and principle of operation

The structure of the ignition system element in question looks like this:

• the metal core is connected to the main contact connected to the central electrode of the spark plug through a high-voltage wire;
• a secondary winding is made around the core, consisting of a large number of turns of a thin copper conductor with insulation;
• on top of the secondary winding there is a layer of dielectric and a small number of turns of thick copper wire - the primary winding;
• the core with windings is placed inside a sealed plastic case filled with transformer oil;
• the windings are connected in a series circuit, 2 connected ends are connected to one external terminal, the other two are connected to separate contacts.

Note. The characteristics of the windings - the thickness of the wire and the number of turns differ depending on the make and model of the car. The number of turns of the primary winding rarely exceeds 150, the secondary - 30 thousand.

A high-voltage wire is connected to the central terminal of the coil, going to the ignition distributor or directly to the spark plug. The remaining contacts are connected to the negative terminal of the battery (ground) and the positive wire of the low voltage circuit.

The operating principle of a boost coil is based on the effect of electromagnetic induction - creating a constant field around the core. How sparking is implemented in practice:

1. After turning on the ignition, a voltage of 12 V from the battery is supplied to the primary winding. An electromagnetic field appears, amplified by the iron core.
2. When the starter cranks the crankshaft and any piston reaches TDC, the electronics, through a relay, breaks the low-voltage power circuit.
3. A circuit break provokes the formation of a short-term pulse inside the second multi-turn winding. At this moment, the voltage on the ignition coil reaches 20 thousand volts or more.
4. The current is transmitted to the spark plug, a spark discharge occurs and the fuel mixture is ignited. The engine starts.

After starting the engine, the first winding is powered by the generator, and the secondary winding continuously generates new pulses, alternately directed by the distributor to the spark plugs of all cylinders.

Types of high-voltage elements

Above is a description of a simple design of a voltage-increasing transformer that provides discharges to all engine cylinders. Where to direct each subsequent spark is determined by the distributor, which is also the main ignition distributor.

In modern electronically controlled motors, distributors are not installed and other types of coils are used:

• with two high voltage contacts;
• individual.

The first type looks like a regular transformer with a steel core assembled from W-shaped plates. The functional difference is that an impulse is supplied simultaneously to 2 terminals connected to the spark plugs of two cylinders. Since their compression strokes occur at different moments, the device creates a spark at the electrodes of both spark plugs. In one chamber ignition occurs, in the other the discharge jumps empty.

The four-cylinder power unit is equipped with 2 two-terminal transformers, forming the so-called ignition module. On many brands of cars it is a single part where all the low and high voltage wires are connected.

Reference. There is another connection scheme - for each spark plug there is a separate two-terminal transformer connected by one insulated wire.

The design of an individual type ignition coil is fundamentally different from previous designs:

• the primary and secondary windings have swapped places - the second is on top;
• the dimensions of the device have been significantly reduced;
• the mini-coil is installed directly on the central contact of the spark plug;
• There are no high-voltage wires.

The number of individual transformers depends on the number of cylinders power unit– a separate coil is placed for each spark plug. The advantage of this device is the absence of losses and breakdowns in the area from the pulse source to the spark plug electrodes, that is, on the armored wire. The second advantage is the reduction in repair costs: replacing one small transformer is cheaper and easier than replacing the entire ignition module.

The principle of operation of individual elements remains unchanged - a break in the low-voltage circuit creates a voltage surge in the multi-turn winding, which is immediately transmitted to the spark plug electrodes. To protect against overloads, a semiconductor diode is included in the circuit.

About malfunctions and solutions

Ignition modules can be safely classified as long-term use parts. With proper operation, the minimum resource of the element is 100 thousand km of vehicle mileage. It is not uncommon for a step-up transformer to operate for the entire life of the vehicle.

When using the reel, you must remember the following points:

1. The cause of premature failure of the element is often prolonged overheating.
2. Over the years, the properties of the insulating materials inside the windings deteriorate. The likelihood of an interturn short circuit increases, leading to overheating and burnout of the conductors.
3. Due to the design features, the high-voltage coil is subject to repair and restoration. Some models can be disassembled and tried to repair a break or short circuit, but practice shows that it is more reliable and cheaper to supply a new spare part.
4. For normal operation of the element and stable sparking, you need to ensure a minimum on-board voltage of 11.5 volts. If, due to a malfunction of the generator or discharge of the battery, the voltage does not reach the norm, the wear of the transformer accelerates.
5. For the same reason, the power of the spark discharge on the electrodes of the spark plugs decreases, the working mixture ignites and burns worse.
6. Insulation breakdown or breakage of high-voltage wires, causing sparks on the car body, reduces the service life of the coil. If you ignore the problem for a long time, it will become unusable.
7. Individual mini-coils sometimes fail due to vibration from the power unit. The reason is an internal break in the conductors.

The ignition module must be monitored so that, due to engine malfunctions, hot oil or coolant does not enter the device body. Do not keep the ignition on for a long time - this will heat up the coil winding and discharge the battery.

Do the advantages of non-inertial coils over inertial coils really exist? There is no clear answer to this question; each of them can show its advantages and disadvantages in a certain type of fishing. Where you need a power struggle, there is no better inertia, if the emphasis is on speed, then a meat grinder is indispensable.

These types of reels differ even by dropping the line. The inertia-free spool has a static spool at the time of casting and reeling; the inertia mechanism works due to the rotation of the drum. And disagreements between adherents have not subsided to this day - which of the coils should be preferred.

What is the difference between an inertial coil and a non-inertial coil?

Fishing is exciting. Casting, reeling, hooking, fishing and re-throwing the tackle. Whether fishing is active or more passive, such as with a feeder, all elements of gear must be selected accordingly. Among these elements is a coil, but we’ll look at how to choose it below.

A spinning reel is probably one of the most complex elements of gear, which is completed with hundreds of different parts. The body is made of metal or polymers. Inside the housing, the device causes a rotor to rotate, which has a movable scaffold stacker bracket.

During casting, the bracket is folded back, due to which the line freely comes off the static spool. After closing the bracket, the scaffolding is placed on a roller, with the help of which winding is subsequently carried out. This, so to speak, is the simplest description of a meat grinder; in fact, the rotation of the handle sets in motion a complex mechanism.

Inertia-free baits have different characteristics for each type of fishing. For example, between spinning reels and float rod there are significant differences.

• In spinning through a line and a fishing rod, the reel controls the bait, so when choosing, they first of all look at its sensitivity. When fishing with a float, all equipment is controlled, and the primary role here is given to the rod.
• When considering which reel is better, inertial or inertialess, they look at the speed of reeling in the line. In spinning rods, during various retrieves, little attention is paid to this characteristic; in floats, the tackle must be quickly removed from the reservoir for further rethrowing.
• Much more important in spinning is the power of the reel; this parameter is especially necessary for heavy baits when catching large fish. On a float rod, the equipment is always light.

The mechanism of inertialess motors is very complex, but at the same time they are characterized by simple operation. In addition to the parameters indicated above, meat grinders have a lot of other advantages; you just need to first decide on the fishing conditions and only then make a choice.

The name itself speaks about the operating principles of this device, which we wrote about in the article “ Repair of the Nevskaya inertial coil and its minor tuning" The initial speed of rotation of the reel is set by the bait. For some time, the drum goes into a state of motion, which is due to the inertia of the coil. Due to inertia, the revolutions will continue even when the bait splashes down.

How more weight has a wheel, the slower it will gain momentum, but the longer it will take to decelerate. Manufacturers produce reels both with and without a braking system. In this case, the fisherman has to brake the drum manually to avoid overrunning and the formation of a beard.

Inertia also includes multipliers, which have a more complex mechanism. Compared to inertia-free ones, they also lose in the speed of reeling in scaffolding, but with a significantly lower mass they have more power. Multipliers are divided into two types: low-profile and barrel.

Fly reel for light lures

In fly fishing, light bait is used, often even live bait - a fly or dragonfly. Taking these characteristics into account, a special fly fishing reel has been developed. In principle, this is an ordinary inertia, although its dimensions are somewhat larger. These elements of the tackle are not involved in casting the tackle, since the casting is carried out using the whip method with spinning around an axis.

One of the indispensable attributes of such reels is the presence of a ratchet, or draft regulator, which creates an obstacle to the rapid unwinding of the reel. The speed of rewinding the line is directly proportional to the diameter of the wheel. However, in this case it is necessary to seek a compromise between the mass of the reel and the diameter of the drum.

The massive spread of inertia began in the nineteenth century. Their design was quite primitive: a wheel with a scaffold was mounted to the body through an axle. For winding, a handle was installed on the wheel. In the first half of the twentieth century, the first inertia-free machine appeared, the design of which has survived practically unchanged to the present day.

Inertial and spinning reel advantages are considered based on a pressing issue for anglers - the cost of accessories. Since the inertia-free device is much simpler, this means the price will be lower. However, one should not exclude the factor that takes into account the materials of manufacture and other nuances. This is if we are talking about an ordinary drum. But multipliers have more advanced mechanisms, and in most cases the cost is higher than inertia-free ones.

If we consider the differences between an inertial reel and an inertialess reel, then the second can provide a greater range for the average fisherman, while the risk of beard formation will be negligible. However, a professional is able to throw a bait with a multiplier no worse, as we wrote about in the article “ Casting with an inertial reel at maximum distances».

Let us briefly consider the difference between an inertial coil and a meat grinder:

• The inertial mechanism came into use almost a century earlier than its counterpart.
• Not only a classic drum, but even a multiplier has a simpler mechanism than a spinning reel.
• The cost of an inertia machine is an order of magnitude lower than a meat grinder.
• The inertia-free reel is significantly superior in range to a conventional drum reel.
• In a drum, the risk of beard formation is significantly higher.

Having understood a little how an inertial reel differs, it becomes clear that it is suitable for many types of fishing, and for some, such as trolling, you cannot do without it. There are, of course, some difficulties in mastering casting, but after some training you can acquire sufficient skills.

In the article on the inertialess coil, the material is presented in the following order:

• principle of operation of the coil,
• friction brake,
• laying fishing line on the spool,
• types of spool profiles,
• spinning reel size,
• rotor rotation speed,
• reel handle,
• video on how to choose a reel,
• song and joke about fishing.

Operating principle

The inertia-free coil (hereinafter referred to as BC or simply coil) is widely used in different types fishing and today it is considered the most widespread and universal in the entire fishing world. In some English-speaking countries it is called "Fixed spool reel" - fixed spool reel. The reason for this name was the fact that in working condition the BC spool remains motionless - fixed.

In confirmation of what has been said, it should be noted that when casting bait, the line flies off the stationary spool and during further operation of the reel: retrieving the bait, landing fish, etc., it also remains limited from rotation.
The line is wound by a line layer rotating around the spool in one plane.
Due to the reciprocating movements of the spool, moving back and forth under the rotating stacker, the line is wound not in one place, but along the entire length of the drum.

1. Friction brake control knob.
2. Line roller.
3. Line brace.
4. Spool.
5. Rotor.
6. Frame.
7. Reverse stopper.
8. Handle.

The line guide is a device mounted on the reel rotor through a folding mechanism, consisting of a line guide bracket and a guide roller, which ensures winding of the fishing line onto the reel spool.

The reel rotor, together with the line guide, is driven by rotation of the handle with a certain gear ratio.
The line guide bracket, rotating around a fixed spool, winds the fishing line stretched through the guide roller onto the spool, which carries out a back-and-forth reciprocating movement.
The line guide roller, which has a bearing (preferably), ensures uniform and soft glide fishing line, and the folding mechanism allows you to open and close the line guide bracket if necessary.

Such a constructive solution to “fixing the spool” saved the BC from many of the shortcomings of its predecessor - . The main one was considered to be the moment of inertia caused by the rotational movement of the spool (drum) with the fishing line, and which served as the cause of its frequent, arbitrary descents (“beards”). In order to implement this solution, the spool of the multiplier reel, which served as the prototype of the BC, had to be rotated 90 degrees, while significantly changing the design of its drive.

Friction brake

Spinning reels conditionally divided into reels with a front and rear location of the friction brake. The friction brake, using the braking force, changes the amount of force required to pull the fishing line from the spool, thereby softening the jerks and impacts when hooking and landing large fish. It also protects the reel mechanism from overloads, protecting the rod from breaking under critical loads, and the fishing line from breaking.
The location of the friction brake does not affect the functions of the BC, except that with the front brake the reel weighs less and has smoother adjustment, and with the rear brake the spool can be removed faster and easier.

In a reel with a rear brake (photo 2), instead of the brake regulator handle there is a spool lock button, by pressing which it can be easily removed.

In the case of the front brake, to remove the spool it is necessary to completely loosen the clutch by unscrewing and removing its adjuster knob.

Reel spool is not always in a stationary state; its rotation is possible when a force arises that pulls the fishing line from it. In this case, it has the ability to rotate in the opposite direction. The friction brake holds the spool, blocking such rotation, and the force of tightening the line depends on how tightly it is tightened.

Some ultra-modern reels have a system that allows, even with the brake fully applied, to release the line at maximum permissible loads at her. Thereby protecting the BC, if it is used incorrectly, from overloads and damage.

When adjusting the friction brake, set the braking force so that it is one third less than the strength of the fishing line used. If a line with a weight of 6.0 kg is used, then the friction brake is adjusted to the force at which it releases the line - 4.0 kg. If this rule is observed, the BC and the rod are subjected to less stress, which allows them to prolong their service life.

Laying line on the spool

The line is laid in the BC by a line layer rotating around the spool and a spool feed mechanism that converts the rotational movement of the handle into a reciprocating movement of the spool.

A full cycle of spool movement "forward - backward" corresponds to two turns of the handle, in which in the first half of the cycle (“forward”) the line is laid in a spiral in one direction, and in the second (“back”) - the next layer of the spiral is laid crosswise on top of the first, in the opposite direction. In spinning reels, two types of spool feed mechanisms are most often used. This is a mechanism with worm or cranktransfer:
1. worm gear called "endless screw"- the kinematic precision of the worm pair contributes to a more uniform feed of the spool, thereby increasing the quality of line winding.

2. crank - connecting rod transmission using backstage called "locomotive"- some features of the mechanism do not always allow you to achieve the desired quality of line laying.

The rotational movement of the line layer and the reciprocating movement of the spool are coordinated with each other by the reel mechanism. The unit of agreement is spool feed pitch- the length of its movement during one full revolution of the rotor (turn), often called the “line laying step”. The laying pitch affects the distance between adjacent turns of the winding layer, and therefore its density and shape.

The feed pitch, which is constant throughout the “forward-backward” cycle, ensures straight, cylindrical laying of the fishing line. Changing the pitch during the feed cycle allows you to obtain a line winding shape (figure) other than a straight line.
The figure shows three types of shapes for laying fishing line on a cylindrical spool:

• standard cylindrical, also known as straight laying,
• laying with a straight cone,
• reverse cone laying.

-straight (cylindrical)- has a constant laying step,allows you to get straight profile (shape) of winding, which does not exclude spontaneous removal of the fishing line , a fact that does not prevent a reel with this type of installation from being considered the most common and universal, with which You can achieve all three types of winding shapes using different spool configurations.Do not confuse the configuration of the spool with the type of line laying; in one case, the geometric shape of the spool, in the other, the shape of the line being laid fishing line on it.

- laying with a straight cone- has a laying step that increases towards the side of the spool, allows you to get tapered line winding profile. Provides the longest cast, while increasing the likelihood of the line coming off spontaneously.

- laying in reverse cone- has a step decreasing towards the side,allows you to get reverse-taper line winding profile . It completely eliminates spontaneous line loss, but at the same time the bait casting range is reduced.

To avoid the “beards” coming off, it is necessary not to wind the line to the edge of the side, leaving 1.5 - 2.0 mm. An important requirement for a spinning reel, regardless of the type of laying and feeding mechanism, is the quality of winding of the fishing line - it should lie evenly over the entire surface of the spool, excluding wavy irregularities, bumps and dips.

Types of spool profiles

All of the above line winding profiles,can be obtained by having one reel with a straight (cylindrical) type of laying, using interchangeable spools of different configurations.

In most cases, spools of the following geometric shapes are used:

- cylinder ("straight")

- cone ("conical")

- reverse cone ("reverse cone")

A reel with a cylindrical laying, thanks to a constant pitch of the spool, lays the line evenly and equally over its entire surface, reflecting the configuration of the spool on the shape of the line being wound.

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Spinning Reel Size

In most cases, to indicate the size of a spinning reel, two digital signature options are used:

Option 1 - the size increases from smaller to larger numbers; from "1000" to "12000" with dimensional increments "500", those. "1000", "1500", "2000", "2500", etc. Indicated by large numbers on the reel spool. See Photo 3. For traditional fishing methods, reel sizes from “1000” to “5000” are mainly used. Large reels, from “5000” and above, are used in gear for catching large fish from the shore, in cases where it is necessary to fit many meters of thick fishing line on the spool;

Option 2- size increases from left to right; from "020", "025", "030" and higher in dimensional increments "005" .

The sizes of both options are roughly consistent with each other. Size "1000" corresponds to size "020", "1500" - "025", "2000" - "030", etc. The size value serves to represent and compare the geometric (overall) dimensions of the reel, on which the weight, line capacity and power of the reel depend. Moreover, the dimension is relative, does not have an exact standard, and serves to represent and compare coils from the same manufacturer.

For greater accuracy when comparing reels by size, it is necessary to take into account the name and model range of the reel. In Photo 3, the reel name is highlighted in red, and the model range is indicated by the letters “AH” before the digital signature “2000”.

What size reel to take; "1000" - "thousander" or "2000" - "two thousandth" depends on the you are going to use it, observing the requirement of “harmony of gear”, taking into account the general a. With light class rodsUltra - Light (UL)use "thousanders" or "one and a half thousanders", for class Light (L) recommended“one and a half thousanders” or “two thousanders”, according to the principle, the more powerful the rod, the more spacious and powerful the reel.

Reel capacity determined by the length of the monofilament line that can fit on the spool. Depends on the geometric dimensions of the spool, its diameter, length and profile depth. Using interchangeable spools of different depths on one reel, you can manipulate its line capacity and use different fishing line.

Practically, all manufacturers of spinning reels put recommended markings on them in the format "mm/m" - line diameter/line length. For example, "0.18/240 0.20/200 0.25/140" means that the spool can be wound onto the spool 240 m fishing line with its diameter 0.18 mm. or 200 m fishing line with diameter 0.20 mm or 0.25/140 respectively.

Coil rotor speed

The rotor rotation speed is set gear ratio drive mechanism and the rate of rotation of the handle. The gear ratio is determined by the ratio of one revolution of the handle to a certain number of revolutions of the reel rotor. Indicated on the reel spool by the word “Gear ratio” and the ratio of numbers. For example: “5.0:1” means that for one revolution of the handle, the rotor makes five revolutions; “3.6:1” - for one revolution of the handle, the rotor makes three point six revolutions.

When buying a bookmaker, it is very important to take it into account gear ratio, so - as the coils produced today have a wide “spectrum” gear ratios, from 3.2:1 to 7.2:1 .

Despite the fact that all bookmakers seem to serve one common goal- catching fish, but it is carried out in different ways and in different fishing conditions, taking into account which you should choose a reel. In this category, bookmakers have the following classification:

- low-speed (power)- gear ratio from 3.2:1 to 4.3:1. They are used for playing and catching large (strong) fish using large and heavy baits. As a rule, they have a metal spool of large capacity, are equipped with a powerful handle and a line roller larger than usual. The mechanism parts are made of durable materials, ensuring the reliability and resistance of the BC mechanism to loads. For this type of reel, slow retrieve or trolling fishing is preferred.

- universal- gear ratio from 4.5:1 to 6.1:1. They have a wide range of applications in different types and methods of fishing (bottom, match, Bolognese, etc.), including spinning fishing. They are used for both slow and fast retrieves, with baits of different sizes and weights.

- high-speed - gear ratio from 6.2:1 to 7.2:1. used where quick reeling of fishing line is required: for some types of spinning castings, when using light and soft ones with jig heads; in fishing methods that require frequent casting of equipment and quick elimination of line slack. High-speed BCs have found sufficient application in both spinning and match fishing. When choosing a caster, it is necessary to take into account that the gear ratio of the reel determines the length of the fishing line selected (wound) for one full turn of the handle - a characteristic that has a serious impact on the technique of placing the bait, especially.

Handle

Most spinning reel models are equipped with push-button handle folding system, allowing it to be quickly folded by lightly pressing a button, and a screw mechanism for removing or moving the handle to the other side of the reel (photo 4). For these purposes, the bookmaker has screw head, located on the opposite side of the handle, allowing without special effort control the propeller.

In reels of high-speed models, a double handle is used or supplemented with a compensator (f oto 5), d To prevent vibration associated with arm imbalance.

Some models of spinning reels do not have a push-button system for folding the handle, and both functions (folding and rearranging the handle) are performed using one screw mechanism, when used:

to fold the handle first loosen the screw, open or close the handle, then tighten it, fixing the handle in the desired position;

for rearranging the handle coil, unscrew the screw completely, move the handle to the other side of the body, then insert the screw into the hole of the polyhedron and tighten it until it stops.

Rotor backstop

Reverse motion of the spinning reel- the rotation of the rotor and handle is considered to be directed in the direction opposite to the working direction (winding the fishing line onto the spool). Almost all spinning reels have a mechanism that can prevent reverse rotation of the rotor and handle. It's called: "reverse stopper" or "anti-reverse". When turned on, it blocks the rotation of the reel handle “towards itself”, preventing the rotor from turning in the opposite direction, thereby preventing the consequences associated with weakening of the fishing line during operation of the reel.

The reverse stop mechanism is located inside the reel, and on outer part its body has a lever that activates or disables the anti-reverse.
Many fishermen, for brevity or out of ignorance, call this “lever - flag” - the reverse stop switch - the anti-reverse itself, and assign it the loudest titles: " reverse stop", "anti-reverse stopper", "reverse lock" etc. , which misleads and confuses people mastering the fishing business.

Anti-reverse makes it possible to hook fish with one hand, which is indispensable in float fishing and very convenient in a spinning rod. Convenience of operation of the BC is not the main purpose of the reverse stopper; its main task is to protect the reel mechanism from critical loads associated with jerks during fishing, at the moment of hooking large fish, in case of a dead hook and other similar situations.

The design of the reverse stop mechanism has evolved from the “step stop” to the “instant anti-reverse”.

Stepped reverse stop, is based on a multi-tooth ratchet gear, integral with the reel rotor. The beveled gear teeth allow the spring-loaded handle lever to move along them in “one” direction and do not allow it to move in the “other” direction, resting against it during rotation.

Instant stop (anti-reverse) is an overrunning clutch made on the basis of a roller bearing. The disadvantage of the stepped stopper was the play of the handle, formed by the “free” zone between adjacent teeth of the ratchet gear. As a result, the stopper does not have the ability to operate instantly, and the handle and the reel rotor rotate to a certain angle - the “free play angle”.
For this reason, sharp jerks when hooking a fish or hooking, which is not much different from a bite, cause serious shocks in the mechanism with a ratchet gear and lead to its premature failure.

The design of an instant reverse stopper based on an overrunning clutch using a needle bearing has completely eliminated this drawback, which is especially noticeable when using low-stretch braided fishing line.

For spinning reels, the most common location of the reverse stop switch lever is on the upper platform of the rear part of the housing. In addition to the standard location, on some models it may be located on the lower surface of the housing, in the area adjacent to the rotor.

When purchasing a spinning reel, pay attention to:

line rollermust be made of materials that are slightly susceptible to abrasion (stainless steel, brass or bronze with a corrosion-resistant carbide coating) and preferably have a ball bearing;

stroke of the line roller - use a match or a piece of paper folded in half to imitate the movement of the fishing line along the roller, make sure that it rotates easily, and that the match or piece of paper does not slip along the stationary surface of the roller;

line guide bracket– open the bracket and shake the reel sharply, simulating casting; it should not close spontaneously;

rotor stroke - spin the rotorcoils two to three quick turns of the handle and release it, pay attention to the duration of rotation of the rotor and handle without your help.By how long and freely they rotate under the influence of inertia, one can judge the progress of the rotor. If the drive mechanism is not able to continue rotating due to inertia or makes sounds of unknown origin during rotation, this indicates that the rotor is moving difficultly and it is better to refuse to purchase such a coil;

handle stroke- when the handle rotates slowly, its movement should be smooth, uniform, without jerks, impacts or extraneous sounds;

mechanism balancing - Vibration of the coil during rapid rotation of the handle is unacceptable;

spool play – Transverse play is prohibited (in the direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation);

reel handle - Its transverse play is extremely undesirable. It is necessary to check the system of folding and moving the handle to the other side of the reel ;

number of bearings– at least 5 (marked “5+1” or “6” in the lower part of the reel body, under or on the spool);

instant reverse stopper - You need to make sure that the coil reverse locking mechanism is working properly. Tightly blockedturning the handle towards you,with the stopper engaged, indicates its serviceability;

coil body- a visual examination of the reel body will help identify possible defects on it (cracks, scratches, dents).

Joke

Two fishermen communicate.
First.
- Yesterday I caught a catfish worth 120 kg!
Second.
- I also flashed yesterday. It doesn’t matter, I only pulled out one pike worth 20 kg. He began to gut it, ripped open its belly, and there was an antique old lantern with an inscription on English: "James Cook - 1764." I set it on fire, and it burns...
The first one scratched his head.
- Listen, I’ll lose 90 kg from my catfish, but you turn off the flashlight!
More information about fishing reel can be found in the article

Have a nice and successful fishing! It is not the result that is important, but the process itself!

A spinning reel is an indispensable part of spinning rods and fishing rods. The reel is also directly involved in the process of casting the equipment and provides significant assistance in retrieving hooked fish from the water column. In other words, this device is a very necessary and very useful thing in a fisherman’s arsenal.

Inertialess reels have the following classification:

• Open type coils.
• Closed type coils.

The design of these devices is quite complex, but despite this, they are quite simple to operate. It is also worth paying attention to their ability to release when casting optimal quantity fishing line, which greatly simplifies the task of the fisherman, who can only monitor the location of the line-laying arc.

In addition to those described above, spinning reels are also equipped with other characteristics that should be taken into account if you are going to buy this device. In addition, you need to know that there are reels designed specifically for float fishing rods, and there are those that are installed on spinning rods (spinning reels).

Float reels and spinning reels - what's the difference?

The use of float reels is important when fishing in still water - a lake, stake or reservoir. The design of the float rod is aimed at the fisherman’s attention, his intelligence and, naturally, his reaction speed. The device is designed for small-scale fishing and is not used in large bodies of water with strong currents. At its core, a reel for float rods is a spinning reel that has been adapted for float rods. So, what are the differences between these reels?

The following aspects of the classification were highlighted:

• When using float reels, the bait and float interact directly with the rod. In the case of spinning, all the sensitivity of the reactions is transferred to the device.
• Spinning is chosen by those fishermen who come for a serious catch. Small fish, frequent casting of the fishing rod into the pond are intended for float fishing rods. When working with float coils The speed of unwinding the line and casting the float is important. Spinning is used to catch heavy and large fish so that the rod and reel device can cope with catching from the water column.

The last and important thing follows from the previous comparison - the power and thrust of each coil. For ultralight and float rods weight category fish may be approximately the same. For a spinning rod of the “heavy” category, a heavier bait is used, and accordingly the weight category of the fish increases.

Be that as it may, it’s better to start fishing with an ultralight spinning rod. It is optimal for various conditions fishing and you won’t have to carry spare parts for another fishing rod with you. Every beginner should know the basic rule for choosing spinning reels - the reel and rod must be harmonious with each other. A large reel may seem like the best option for each fishing rod, but in reality it will create interference when fishing. For a novice fisherman, a spinning rod measuring about two and a half meters will be optimal. For a rod of this length, a reel with a spool capacity of 2500 thousand corresponds. So, how to choose a spinning reel for your spinning rod? There are several main indicators that we will focus on.

Basic guidelines for purchasing a spinning reel

The volume of the spool for the reel. Volumes vary from one thousand to four thousand and above. This indicator indicates how many meters of fishing line you have at your disposal. For example, a two thousand spool holds one hundred meters of 0.2 millimeter fishing line. It is also the most optimal for many fishermen.

Winding onto the spool in a spinning reel is carried out in three ways - a straight cone, a cylindrical method and a reverse cone. Regardless of the winding method, make sure that the fishing line is wound onto the parts evenly, not wavy or intersecting. Otherwise, you risk tangling the line and losing your prey. The use of an endless screw does not affect this quality. Many companies have abandoned its use when twisting fishing line in a reel.

When purchasing, check the performance of the future purchase. The coil should not make any noise, crackling or vibration. Of course, you will have to lubricate the device in the future, but the seller’s belief about the new model that “Lubricate it and everything will go away” should alert you.

The spool bracket for holding the fishing line must be well fixed. Do some experiments. Imagine you're casting, opening the brace, and see what happens next. If the bracket remains in the position in which you left it, then it is secure. Only your forceful movements should open and close the bracket.

Try to choose a device from various foreign companies that have managed to make a name for themselves. Otherwise, when purchasing from a Chinese manufacturer, you run the risk of parting with money again. Spare parts may not be secured or made from cheap materials. And well-known brands are ready to provide you with ultralight reel products at an affordable price low prices. The presence of an “endless screw” advertised by some companies is just marketing, nothing more.

Scheme of a spinning reel with a front clutch

Find out which spare part is on the line guide spring. It is not recommended to purchase a device with a pin-type spring. Otherwise, you will have to use spare ones, which are sold separately. With an endless screw, this problem can get worse.

And last but not least. You should not purchase a device without your own spinning rod. It is necessary to try it directly on all the fasteners so that the spinning reel sits in place.

And naturally, the weight of the reel is important. The lighter it is, the fewer problems there are in handling it. If lightweight alloys were used in the production of the reel, it will definitely cost more, but the quality will also be higher.

Selecting a reel for bottom fishing

The use of a feeder is less relevant, in contrast to conventional rod fishing. Essentially, a feeder is a rod with a tripod holding it on the bank and a feeder attached to the rod. The spinning reel plays important role in this case. The spool holds the weight of the feeder, provides longer casting and promotes rapid renewal of complementary food. Metal spare parts of the reels allow the feeder to carry out high-quality fishing. A feeder rod with rings prevents the line released by the reel from getting tangled, which makes casting and changing bait easier.

Reel Care

With regular use of your spinning rod, the question of servicing spinning reels becomes reasonable. Hand them over to service center? It's expensive and not always profitable. You could purchase your reel in an online store, and accordingly, repairs with lubrication will be carried out remotely. You need to remember that your reel needs to be lubricated every few months, especially if it has been exposed to harsh environments such as dirty water, dust and dirt.

Before cleaning, you need to stock up on screwdrivers of various sizes, a paper towel on which you will place the parts, cotton swabs, gasoline, clean water and these instructions.

To thoroughly clean the coil, you must perform the following steps:

• Remove the device from the spinning rod, wipe it with a paper towel previously soaked in gasoline - this will prevent external dust from getting on the internal components.
• Next, we clean the spool - scroll it to the extreme position and wipe off dust from its cover.
• Also check the roller that rotates the handle of the line layer - it can also become clogged with dust, and its faulty operation harms the entire mechanism. Run a cotton swab along the edge - this is usually enough to remove accumulated dust. If this is not enough, soak a clean stick in gasoline or lighter gas and gently run it over the rib again.
• Pay special attention to the bracket that holds the line flap. A piece of fishing line caught on it, the accumulation of dust disrupts the automatic action of the staple.
• Remove the handle that directly turns the reel itself - inspect for various damages.

Usually these actions are enough to regulate and preventively clean the coil. Disassembling a spinning reel down to the last screw is most often a pointless exercise. The main layer of accumulated dirt, which interferes with proper work, accumulates on the surface.

You can learn more about the subject by watching the video.

Nowadays the market is overflowing with reels for fishing rods and spinning rods. Many of them are also inertialess. However, do not forget that there are also many fakes, and not all manufacturers are conscientious. It is for these reasons that you need to take the choice of this product seriously, take into account all the factors that influence the quality of the product and clearly define for yourself the purpose of the purchase along with the conditions of use.