In the project “The Evolution of the Soccer Ball,” photographer Jens Heilmann collected photographs of balls used in the World Cup since 1930.
1. The 1930 World Cup ball, which took place in Uruguay, contains the history of the origins of the World Cup. In the final, the host team of the championship met with the Argentina team. An unthinkable thing: then there was no qualifying matches, teams were invited to the championship. But out of 16 teams, only 13 came to the championship. (© Jens Heilmann)
2. World Cup in Italy 1934. Benito Mussolini was in power during the World Cup in Italy, where the main “hero” was this ball. (© Jens Heilmann)
3. France 1938. The shadow of Nazism lay over the third World Cup. Not 16, but only 15 teams then competed for the title of champion. (© Jens Heilmann)
4. Brazil 1950 After a 12-year break, the World Cup returned to Brazil. The Uruguay team won it. (© Jens Heilmann)
5. Switzerland 1954 This ball hit the goal of the Hungarian team three times in the championship final, making the German team world champions. (© Jens Heilmann)
6. Sweden 1958 In the 50s, with the advent of FIFA, the selection of balls became more stringent. Then Brazil received its first world title, and 17-year-old Pele made his debut at the championships. (© Jens Heilmann)
7. Chile 1962 That World Cup famous match Chile - Italy went down in history under the name "Battle of Santiago". The first foul occurred in the 16th second, and in the 7th minute the Italians had already lost one player. It would later be calculated that in the first 20 minutes the ball was in play for only four of them! (© Jens Heilmann)
8. England 1966 The red leather ball brought victory to the host team of the championship, the England team. The captain of the team received the cup from the hands of Queen Elizabeth II. (© Jens Heilmann)
9. Mexico 1970 A black and white soccer ball as we are used to seeing it. From this championship, the Adidas company begins to supply balls for the tournament. (© Jens Heilmann)
10. Germany 1974. At the World Championships in their home country, the German team received its second title. Then the captain was Kaiser Franz Beckenbauer. (© Jens Heilmann)
11. Argentina 1978. With the advent of Tango, the design of soccer balls has changed slightly. (© Jens Heilmann)
12. Spain 1982. And again "Tango". (© Jens Heilmann)
13. Mexico 1986. The Azteca ball was made of synthetic materials. It was this ball that flew into the goal from the “Hand of God” of the great Diego. (© Jens Heilmann)
14. Italy 1990. At this championship there was not only an official ball (Etrusco Unico), but also an official anthem - Un Estate Italiana. (© Jens Heilmann)
15. USA 1994. The “Cuestra” championship ball was simply lightning fast. (© Jens Heilmann)
16. France 1998. With the Tricolor ball, a little color was added to the championship. (© Jens Heilmann)
17. /Japan 2002. With the advent of the Fevernova ball, the design of the soccer ball changed, moving away from the traditional black and white version. (© Jens Heilmann)
18. Germany 2006. In 2006, the Italian team won the World Cup, scoring winning goal against the French national team. Teamgeist ball. (© Jens Heilmann)
19. South Africa 2010. Players, coaches and, most importantly, goalkeepers complained about Jabulani. This is the roundest ball in the history of football championships. (© Jens Heilmann)
All you need for the lesson “how to draw a ball with a pencil step by step” is a compass for drawing a circle. If you don’t have a compass at hand, a round object will do, which you can circle to make an even circle. Of course, you still need a pencil.
How to draw a ball with a pencil step by step
Drawing a soccer ball step by step is actually quite easy. Draw an even circle with a pencil.
A soccer ball is made up of pentagons and hexagons. Draw a pentagon in the center of the already created circle. See the picture below.
The following picture shows how to draw a soccer ball next. From the end point of the line, draw two lines each different sides. Try to keep them the same length too.
The same must be done for the remaining lines coming from the pentagon.
There is very little left in drawing this lesson. We close the lines - we get hexagons. Study the following drawing carefully. You should end up with one pentagon with hexagons around it.
A presentation of a new soccer ball for the 2014 World Cup, matches of which will be held in Brazil from June 12 to July 13 next year, took place in Rio de Janeiro. The ball, developed by adidas, is called Brazuca. This Brazilian word has a dual meaning: it is used both to identify Brazilian-born people living abroad and as an expression of national pride. Inspired by the presentation of the Brazuca, we decided to remember all the official balls of the World Championships.
Uruguay, 1930 Tiento, T-Model
In the final of the first ever FIFA World Cup in Uruguay, due to disagreements between the teams participating in the match, the organizers had to allow them to use two different balls in the game. In the first half, the teams played with a ball called "Tiento", provided by the Argentine side. By the end of the first half, the Argentine team and their team were leading 2:1. However, after the break the situation changed dramatically. The Uruguayans introduced their ball (“T-Model”) into the game, which was larger and heavier, and achieved a strong-willed victory with a score of 4:2.
Italy, 1934 Federale 102
The official ball of the 1934 World Cup in Italy, called "Federale 102", was made by a Roman company called ECAS ("Ente Centrale Approvvigionamenti Sportivi"). ECAS, one of the many fascist organizations of the time, was a subordinate company of the championship organizing committee. In addition to the Federale, two other balls were used in the competition. At the beginning of the 20th century, most footballs were produced by Great Britain, which exported them to other countries where the sport was gaining popularity. An advertising campaign dedicated to the new ball convinced Italian athletes to use national equipment instead of imported ones. The Federale was made up of 13 polygons that were tightly sewn together by hand. Most of the classic ball models consisted of 12 parts, like those used at the previous world championship. An innovative feature of this ball was the presence of a separate panel with cotton lacing, which replaced the leather one. The previous version of lacing caused football players a lot of inconvenience and often caused injuries - which is why in many old photographs football players can be seen wearing protective headgear or headbands.
France, 1938 Allen
The practice of producing official balls by the country hosting the World Cup was continued by France in 1938. The French company Allen produced a ball of the same name for the national Cup and international competitions in the 1920s. The same model was used at the World Championships. Before the start of each match, the company placed a branded ball in the center of the field for photographs. This was one of the first examples of equipment advertising in the history of sports. However, the branded balls themselves were not subsequently used in the game. The Allen itself was similar in design to the Federale 102, but the edges of the ball panels were rounded and the design of the projectile looked different. The lacing was also located on a separate panel and was white, but in the game, of course, it instantly turned brown. The ball was handmade and inflated to perfection. If the production technique was not followed, the projectile was deformed, which affected the flight path of the ball.
Brazil, 1950. Duplo T
The new World Cup ball in Brazil was radically different from its predecessors in that the lacing disappeared from the leather surface forever. Now the balls could be inflated using a pump and a needle through an almost invisible valve. The inflation procedure also took much less time than before. The Argentine company Tossolini – Valbonesi-Polo & Cia patented such balls back in the 1930s, and the balls were initially used in the Argentine championship. But in 1950, the balls finally had their time, and the official projectile was called the “Duplo T Superball.” Like its predecessors, the ball was made of leather, made by hand and consisted of 12 panels, but they themselves were more curved. At the Brazilian World Cup, FIFA for the first time allowed the company logo and text to be printed on the ball - as an exception. On the next four championships such liberty was not allowed.
Switzerland, 1954 Swiss World Champion
Since 1954, FIFA began to officially regulate the size, weight and diameter of balls. The orange Swiss World Champion ball, made by Basel-based Kost Sport, was the first ball to feature 18 panels. Balls with the name and logos printed on them were used during training, and in matches, football players played with similar balls without branding.
Sweden, 1958 Top Star
The official ball of the 1958 World Cup in Sweden was chosen by FIFA representatives, which included Soviet football player Valentin Granatkin, blind among 102 applicants. The Top Star ball, manufactured by the Swedish company Sydsvenska Läder-och Remfabriken, consisted of 24 panels and was presented in three colors - brown, orange and white, without branding. Each of national teams who took part in the World Championship, received 30 balls at their disposal.
Chile, 1962 Crack Top Star
Not everyone liked the “Crack” ball from the Chilean manufacturer Señor Custodio Zamora. The 18-panel orange shell did not make much of an impression on opening match referee Ken Aston, and the referee sent the organizers for the European ball, which arrived at the game in the second half. Used in various World Cup matches in Chile different balls, as it was rumored that European teams did not trust local balls.
England. 1966 Challenge 4-star
The 25-panel Challenge 4-star ball from the British company Slesinger was produced for the 1966 World Cup in two versions - yellow and orange. This manufacturer has since changed the direction of production and now specializes in the manufacture of equipment for cricket, tennis and hockey. The Slesinger balls were sewn by hand. This projectile, as before, was selected blindly by FIFA representatives at the FA headquarters in Soho. In official matches there was no branding on the balls.
Mexico, 1970 Telstar
For the first time at the World Cup they played with an adidas ball in 1970. It was made of leather and had the shape of a truncated icosahedron consisting of 12 black pentagons and 20 white hexagons. The name of the Telstar ball was derived from the corresponding name of the American artificial Earth satellite launched into orbit in 1962. In addition, the ball was nicknamed the Star of Television, as the design of the ball was well suited for black and white TV. The World Cup in Mexico was the first World Cup to be broadcast in live on television. Only 20 Telstar balls were made available for the 1970 World Cup, but some 600,000 replicas were subsequently sold.
Commemorative photo. Legendary Brazilian football player Pele beats Italian defender Tarcisio Burnjić in the World Cup final. That match took place on June 21, 1970 in Mexico City and ended in a victory for the Brazilians with a large score of 4:1.
Germany, 1974 Telstar Durlast
At the 1974 World Championships in Germany, the Telstar Durlast ball was used. The material and manufacturing techniques were identical to those used to create the Telstar - 1970.
Commemorative photo. Dutchman Johan Cruyff beat Argentine goalkeeper Daniel Carnevali before hitting the opponent's goal. The quarter-final match between the Netherlands and Argentina, held on June 26, 1974 in Gelsenkirchen. That meeting ended in a victory for the Dutch with a score of 4:0, and Cruyff managed to score a double.
Argentina, 1978 Tango
For the 1978 World Cup, the Tango ball was created, which, as conceived by the authors, should reflect elegance, dynamism and passion. The design used 20 triads, creating the optical impression of 12 identical circles. One of the advantages of the Tango compared to other balls was considered to be improved weather resistance.
Commemorative photo. Argentinean Mario Kempes, who has just hit the opponent's goal, and his compatriot Daniel Bertoni rejoice amid the disappointed Dutch defenders. The decisive match of the World Cup Argentina - the Netherlands, held on June 25 in Buenos Aires. The Argentine players won with a score of 3:1. The main time of the match ended in a draw - 1:1. In extra time, in the 105th minute, Kempes put the Argentina team ahead by scoring a double (episode in the photo). 10 minutes after this, Bertoni will set the final score of the match.
Spain, 1982 Tango España
Tango España for the 1982 World Cup in Spain was the first ball made from a mixture of genuine leather and synthetic materials. The ball had a special polyurethane coating as a water-repellent element.
Commemorative photo. Brazilian midfielder Zico and Italian defender Claudio Gentile during the match Italy - Brazil. The game took place on July 5 in Barcelona and ended with a victory for the Italians with a score of 3:2.
Mexico, 1986 Azteca
Azteca is the first ball made entirely of synthetic material. The triads used in the ball's design were depicted like Aztec frescoes.
Commemorative photo. The famous “Hand of God” performed by Diego Maradona in the quarter-final match between Argentina and England. The game took place on June 22 in Mexico City and ended with the victory of the Argentine football players with a score of 2:1. Maradona scored the double.
Italy, 1990 Etrusco
The name and design of the ball were coined in honor of the history of ancient Italy and the fine art of the Etruscans. Three Etruscan lion heads adorned each of the 20 triads used in the ball's design. Compared to its predecessors, the Etrusco had improved qualities of waterproofness, abrasion resistance and rebound.
Commemorative photo. English midfielder Paul Gascoigne and Dutch midfielder Ruud Gullit fight for the ball in the England - Netherlands match. The game took place on June 16 in Cagliari and ended in a goalless draw.
USA, 1994 Questra
The name Questra comes from an ancient word meaning the quest for the stars. The goal of the authors was to create a lighter and more responsive ball, which they succeeded in full. The triads used in the Questra design reflect the outlines of stars. The ball was developed in France and underwent rigorous testing in both Europe and the USA before its first official use.
Commemorative photo. Russian national team striker Oleg Salenko scores his fifth goal in the match against Cameroon. The game took place on June 28 and ended in victory for the Russians with a crushing score of 6:1.
France, 1998 Tricolore
Tricolore became the first colored ball at the world championships. When creating the ball, syntactic foam was used, which is also responsible for the equal distribution of energy upon impact. For the first time since 1970, a World Cup ball was not made in Europe: the Tricolore was created in Morocco.
Commemorative photo. French national team midfielder Zinedine Zidane and Brazil national team defender Roberto Carlos in the decisive match of the World Cup. The Brazil-France game took place on July 12 and ended in victory French football players with a score of 3:0, while Zidane scored a double.
Japan and South Korea, 2002 Fevernova
The Fevernova ball was the result of three years of work on improving the previous Tricolore ball at a research center in southern Germany. The new design is inspired by Asian culture and is unlike its predecessors, which were pioneered by Tango in 1978. More than 2,500 Fevernova balls were provided for World Cup matches, and approximately six million replicas were subsequently sold worldwide.
Commemorative photo. Brazilian striker Ronaldo beats Germany goalkeeper Oliver Kahn, opening the scoring in the match. Final Brazil - Germany in Yokohama, which ended with the victory of the Brazilians with a score of 2:0
Germany, 2006 +Teamgeist
With the name +Teamgeist, the creators of the ball wanted to remind that one of the most important components of success at the World Cup is team spirit. Translated from German, the word team means “team”, and geist means “spirit”. The ball is made from 14 external structural panels, resulting in a 60% reduction in joints. This initiative aims to improve shot accuracy and ball control. The design has undergone significant changes compared to its predecessor. As for the plus sign before the name of the ball, this was done due to the fact that the regular expression teamgeist itself could not be used as a trademark.
Commemorative photo. French midfielder Zinedine Zidane fights for the ball with Italian national team players - defender Marco Materazzi and midfielder Gennaro Gattuso. The final match between Italy and France, held in Berlin and ending with the victory of the Italian players on penalties.
South Africa, 2010 Jabulani
In the Zulu language the word Jabulani means "to celebrate". The ball is made in the South African style. Jabulani consists of eight external structural panels, connected together using heat bonding technology, which increases the accuracy of shots. The design of the 11th ball model created by adidas for the World Championships used 11 different colors. These colors represent the 11 players of each team, the 11 official languages South Africa and 11 South African tribes.
Commemorative photo. A scandalous episode in the 1/8 finals match between Germany and England, which ended with the victory of the German players with a score of 4:1. The ball, after a kick from English midfielder Frank Lampard, crossed the goal line defended by goalkeeper Manuel Neuer, but the referees did not notice this, and the goal was not counted.
Brazil, 2014 Brazuca
In the summer of 2014, football players will play at the World Cup in Brazil using Brazuca balls. The design of the new ball was kept secret for a long time, but during an open vote in which more than a million Brazilians took part, its name was determined. 77.8% of survey participants voted for the Brazuca option. For the first time in history, the name of the ball for the World Cup was chosen by the fans. The design of the ball was described by adidas as revolutionary and with six panels. Brazuca is decorated with ribbons in three colors, symbolizing the so-called wish bracelets worn in Brazil. According to legend, you need to wrap the bracelet around your wrist and tie three knots, making a wish for each of them. When the bracelet breaks and falls off the hand, it is believed that the wishes made should begin to come true.
