Do-it-yourself bottom tackle for crucian carp. Bottom tackle for crucian carp

Fishing for crucian carp with a donk, although inferior in popularity to a float rod, invariably continues to be in demand among many fishermen. Bottom tackle allows you to reach crucian carp at depth, far from the shore, without the help of a boat. It goes there in the heat, away from warm, coastal water, and it is there that the largest specimens can be caught. Therefore, it is worth using this tackle for crucian carp fishing, especially in mid-summer.

Types of bottom gear

Bottom tackle, like a fishing rod, appeared a very long time ago. For a long time it remained unchanged, but in recent decades, thanks to the rapid development of the industry fishing accessories, many new options and methods of this type of fishing have appeared. Among them are the following types of equipment:

Traditional hook with a sinker- is a long main fishing line, to the end of which a sinker is attached, and from it several branch leads. Initially, such a bottom was cast manually by unwinding the sinker. In its modern version, the tackle is cast using a fishing rod. The disadvantage of the equipment is the need to separately feed the place where the donk will be thrown.

Classic donka with feeder- This is probably the most common type of bottom gear. In it, the sinker is replaced by a weighted feeder, which is equipped with bait. Thanks to this, the location of the baited hooks is always well-fed. In most cases, such equipment is cast using a bottom rod with a reel. This allows you not only to throw the tackle further, but also to use various types rigging.

Feeder- This next stage in the development of bottom equipment. It became possible thanks to the advent of special fishing rods that have a sensitive tip. By its vibrations you can track the bite. The product is complemented by feeders in the form of mesh containers and the corresponding setup of equipment, often with one hook. Donka is designed for sporty way fishing with no more than two rods, with frequent transfers of gear.

Flat equipment– is a variation of the three fishing methods listed above. Its difference lies in the special shape of the feeders - flat, round, bottom-weighted plates or spoons, on the upper side of which food is attached in an open way. The advantage of flat equipment is that, thanks to its design, it does not sink into the bottom and always falls with the bait up. This allows you to fish in heavily silted waters. Hooks with nozzles in such equipment are often pressed into the food and the crucian carp sucks them in along with the bait.

Rubber- another type of donka. The heavy sinker is installed permanently, and between it and the main line there is a rubber shock absorber with sufficient length to stretch from the load to the shore. Throwing and retrieving the tackle is done by stretching and compressing this elastic band. There are quite a lot of leashes with hooks placed on such equipment - from three to five. The fishing spot is fed in advance. The gear allows you to fish in heavily overgrown reservoirs, where a step away from the beaten or specially cleared underwater “path” leads to snagging or entangling in algae. The disadvantage of the “elastic band” is its bulkiness and poor sensitivity, as well as the need to swim to place the load.

crucian carp killer– another type of equipment made possible by the advent of ultra-light polymers. It consists of several light feeder springs located on the main line, approximately 10 cm from each other. On both sides of each spring there are short leashes with a hook. When charging, a viscous bait is placed in each feeder, and foam balls are placed on the hooks. In the water, the hooks, thanks to the foam, float directly above the feeders. Crucian carp, feeding from feeders, involuntarily swallows them and hooks itself. You can cast this rig either with a rod or with a rubber band. Despite the fact that this method is very catchy, it is far from sporty, although it does not harm the fish population of the reservoir.

Plug (nipple)- equipment that works on the same principle as the “killer”, but is more often used for carp fishing. Several leashes with hooks are tied to a flat, wide, lid-like shape with high sides, surrounded at the bottom by a feeder. A foam ball is placed on the hook to give it positive buoyancy. The feeder is filled with relatively viscous bait, into which the hooks are immersed. The tackle is designed for large catches, the size of which can be adjusted by the size of the hooks. It is suitable for fishing in overgrown and silted reservoirs with a shaky bottom. The equipment is certainly not poaching equipment, but it has nothing to do with sports equipment either.

How to make a donka for crucian carp?

To make a classic donka for crucian carp, we will need:

1. Rod - feeder, regular plug or any other suitable spinning rod, 2 - 3.5 m long, with a test weight of 50 - 120 g.
2. The reel is inertia-free, simple, no frills, with three bearings, with a fairly large spool that holds all the necessary fishing line.
3. The main fishing line is 100-150 meters of fishing line 0.2 - 0.3 mm or braided cord 0.1 - 0.15 mm.
4. Leashes - fishing line 0.1 - 0.2 mm, braided cord 0.07 - 0.1 mm or fluorocarbon thread 0.2 - 0.3 mm.
5. Hooks - for donkeys for crucian carp are suitable with a medium shank, rounded in shape, with a slightly deflected sting curved inward, No. 6 - No. 12 according to the international classification or No. 4 - No. 7 according to the domestic one.
6. carabiners and swivels for quick installation and prevention of fishing line twisting.
7. Alarm - any, be it the tip of a fishing rod, a bell, or an electronic device.
8. Feeder or sinker - selected depending on the gear we want to mount:

• sliding feeder, usually open type, in the form of a wire spring;
• feeder-type mesh container, open or semi-open;
• flat, Flat type.

Donka can be equipped with up to three hooks at the same time. When choosing the length of the leashes, you need to take into account the sensitivity of the entire tackle, the bait used and the fishing circumstances. The feeder is attached either to the end of the main fishing line or in a sliding manner. Sometimes on a separate leash, depending on preferences and fishing circumstances.

Video

You will learn a simple way to create a donkey for crucian carp in this video:

Installation (equipment) of donkeys for crucian carp

When making a donkey, there are many types and methods of mounting equipment. The choice of design, first of all, depends on the preferences of the fisherman, and on the expected fishing conditions.

Without a feeder

This is the easiest way to assemble equipment. A regular sinker is tied to the end of the main line, and up to three leashes with hooks are tied 10–50 cm above it, depending on the casting method. If the tackle is cast by hand, then the hooks are tied further away so that they do not interfere and do not dig into the hand when casting. When fishing with a rod, the hooks are placed closer to the sinker for convenience.
Tackle without a feeder is usually used in a place that has been fed for a long time or in small bodies of water without a current with a stable bite.

With a feeder

Feeding containers, flats and other fixed feeders are mounted at the end of the main line, just like a regular sinker. Much more often, sliding feeders are used on donks. In this case, when installing the equipment, everything depends on the number of leads used. The following options are possible here:

• One leash - it is placed at the end of the main fishing line under the feeder. During a normal bite, the fishing line is pulled through the feeder, and it remains in place.
• Two leashes - the second leash is attached to the main line, above the feeder, using a special wire outlet, or under the feeder on a special wire rocker. The leashes should not touch.
• Three leashes - combining the previous assembly options, two leashes are attached to the rocker arm, and the third one is attached to the outlet above the feeder.

Other options for a donkey with a feeder are knitted using one of the previously listed methods.

On the current

Crucian carp rarely bite in the current, but there are situations when you need to be prepared for such fishing. For example, in the heat or when draining water from reservoirs and ponds.

In such gear, feeders are used that will not roll along the bottom under the influence of the current. These are flat, rectangular feeder and sliding with a load (in the form of blades or rings).

The leashes are kept short - 10 - 15 cm. They are attached to the main line through a swivel to avoid it from twisting. The installation methods themselves are the same as before.

Methods for fixing the swivel to the fishing line.

How to collect crucian carp killer donka?

We have already discussed the operating principle of the crucian carp “killer”.

The scheme of such gear is as follows:

• take a piece of main fishing line or cord 40–50 cm long;
• we knit a sinker to one end of it - about 50 grams;
• We take three sliding spring feeders without weights from 2 to 5 cm long;
• We fasten them on this cord motionlessly, using knots or beads (the distance between them should be about 10 cm so that adjacent leashes with hooks do not reach each other);
• along the edges of the feeders or in the center of each we knit one or two leashes with a hook (the length of such a leash is 3 - 5 cm);
• On the other end of the cord we knit a swivel with a carabiner.

When equipped, foam balls are placed on the hooks, and the feeders are filled with viscous bait, for example, “plasticine.”

Assembly video

In this video you will learn all the intricacies of creating this equipment at home:

Fishing for crucian carp on a donk

Despite the fact that the habits and habitats of crucian carp are quite constant, they still have a certain seasonality.

in spring

In the spring, after ice drift, crucian carp go out to the sun-warmed coastal shallows. At this time it feeds on animal food, so they catch it with a worm, maggot or bloodworm. As the water warms up, the crucian carp moves more and more to depth, and due to the growth of aquatic plants, it adds plant foods to the diet. All this time, it is more practical to catch it in shallow waters or in coastal reeds with a fishing rod and float. The time for feeder fishing comes towards the end of spring, after crucian carp spawning.

In summer

Summer is the main period for catching crucian carp on a donk. At this time, two periods can be distinguished: cool or moderately warm weather and heat.

In normal weather, crucian carp moves throughout the entire water area of ​​the reservoir, in the morning and evening, approaching the coastal reeds, and day and night, moving to the depths. At dawn it becomes active, but feeds almost all the time with short breaks. At this time, the donka works well during the day, and at night the largest specimens can be caught on it.

When the heat comes, the water in shallow water and near the coast warms up greatly and there is less oxygen in it, and a thermocline forms in the reservoir. Crucian carp moves away from the shore to greater depths, but does not fall below the thermocline level, staying just above its border. Therefore, as a rule, it is not present in holes and great depths. He goes to the shore at night, when the heat subsides. The ideal biting time is in the morning and evening dawns. At this time, you need to look for it where the depth of the reservoir corresponds to the thermocline level.

Interruptions in the bite also occur in the event of a massive bloom in the water. This is especially critical for small ponds, river creeks, and ditches. At such moments, crucian carp prefers to move to the springs, the confluence of streams and rivers, closer to the current.

In summer, the food preferences of crucian carp become very diverse, but often change. You need to constantly try different plant and animal baits.

in autumn

In autumn, with the beginning of cooling of the water, the activity of crucian carp decreases. He spends a lot of time at depth, where he behaves very sluggishly. It comes out to feed on warm sunny days, in shallow areas of reservoirs. It is capricious when it comes to bait and increasingly prefers animal food. It is best to catch it with a donkey during the day and in the evening dawns, in places where it enters shallow water and on the coastal edges.

Another option for bottom equipment is a feeder. Even an inexperienced angler can catch crucian carp on a bottom using such equipment.

The picture shows that the feeder is located at the end of the rig. A swivel is tied to the end, to which a leash with a hook is attached. Leashes can be tied to the sides of the feeder itself. Their length is from 3 to 5 cm. The shorter the leash, the better. The point is that a feeder is stuffed into the feeder, and foam balls with maggots or worms are hung on the hooks. The fish comes to the feeder and eats the porridge, and the hooks are in a raised position.

Sooner or later they end up in the fish's mouth. The closer the hooks are to the feeder, the higher the likelihood that the fish will swallow them. Therefore, many fishermen make leashes 2 cm long. If you make them 5 cm long, there will be much less bites. Tested in practice. Crucian carp is successfully caught using donka using this method in the southern regions.

Another catchy equipment for crucian carp is a cork. It is done very simply. Take a round sinker with an eye. An ordinary plastic plug is screwed onto it. To screw the plug, we make a hole in the lid and in the weight. We put a plug on top of the load so that the holes match and thread a bolt through them, and tighten it with a nut on top. We make holes on the side of the cork into which we thread leashes with hooks. The length of the leashes is from 2 to 4 cm. Their number can be from 2 to 4.

The main fishing line is tied to the eyelet, or it is fastened with a carabiner tied to the main fishing line. The principle of operation of this design is the same as the gear with a feeder. Porridge or bread with flour is stuffed into the middle, hooks with foam are hidden inside the porridge, making humps like this. The fish will eat the porridge and swallow one of the hooks.

If you have lead, you can take a cork from a vodka bottle (tin) and fill it with half the lead. We do everything else the same way as in this traffic jam in the picture.

Baits and baits for bottom fishing for crucian fish

The best bait for crucian carp is millet porridge with ground macadamia. A crucian carp will take the bait if you sprinkle it with bait that smells like seeds and sunflower oil. How to make the simplest porridge? Cook the millet for 10 minutes until it turns out slightly undercooked. Drain the water from the pan and rinse it under cold water. It is important to do this so that the porridge does not turn sour in the heat. Next, add ground flour into it. You will get an odorous mass. Place it in the refrigerator before fishing.

On the shore you already evaluate the consistency. For the feeder it should crumble, so add a little crackers or store-bought bait to it. For donka, it should be slightly viscous so that it washes out in water in 10 minutes. If the porridge is not viscous enough, then add bread to it. Crucian carp will be caught better on the bottom if you add chopped worms and maggots to the bait.

You can even mix the flour with bread and add oil to it. This bait will not turn sour in the heat, and crucian carp will appreciate it no worse than the previous one. To make it, you need to take bread (white or black) and pass it through an electric meat grinder. In the process, flour is added. The result is a homogeneous mass that smells like seeds. Instead of flour, you can add ground seeds.

Garlic, dill, anise, vanilla and chocolate are added to the porridge. Garlic works especially well for crucian carp. Catching crucian carp on a donk will be successful if you add garlic to your bait and baits.

The main baits for crucian carp are a worm, maggot, bread, mastyrka, semolina, pearl barley, steamed millet, corn, polystyrene foam, and bloodworms.

Tactics for catching crucian carp with donks

Fishing for crucian carp on the bottom is carried out with one or two rods. If the bite is stable, then one is enough. First, starting feeding is done. They feed in places where there is a border between shells and sand or silt. Bait balls are delivered by slingshot, cobra or manually. Before feeding, we find the edge, depth differences, and uneven terrain. There should be crucian carp in these places. If fishing is carried out in May, then there is no need to cast far. Casts are made closer to the reeds.

It has been noticed that larger specimens are found in the spring. In summer, crucian carp are usually caught at night. Crucian carp is a schooling fish. Therefore, when a flock has swum to the bait and food, the fisherman catches representatives of this flock within an hour. The flock has swum away, and there is a pause until the next one arrives. This is how the whole fishing goes on. During pauses, we put bells on the donks and do other useful things.

After a pause, you will again be able to catch crucian carp on a donk.

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Crucian carp is the most common fish in our latitudes. This unpretentious representative of the carp family is found in every body of water where there is suitable food and conditions for it. Due to its omnivorous nature and ability to make do with minimal oxygen in the water, it lives in clean rivers, silted lakes, and even swamps.

Crucian carp is not considered a valuable commercial fish, but it always pleases us with its presence on the table.

Catching crucian carp with any tackle is a very exciting and exciting activity. It’s not difficult even for a beginner to catch it, because the crucian carp bites sharply and for sure, instantly taking the tackle to the bottom. Catching this fish is also not difficult. It swallows the bait whole and offers virtually no resistance when fishing.

Fishing for crucian carp at different times of the year

Crucian carp being caught all year round, including in winter. With the first freeze-up, the juveniles of this fish plunge into the silt for the winter, and large individuals continue to feed. With the onset of severe cold, large crucian carp go to the bottom, but occasionally come out in search of food in the shallows. In winter, you need to look for it near reed or reed thickets. Excellent winter bite is observed during periods of increased and lack of precipitation.

in spring with water warming to +8 0 C, the activity of crucian carp increases sharply. They begin to catch it in mid-March. The bite of crucian carp during this period is unstable due to the spring temperature change. At the end of May, spawning time comes, and the fish come out to the warmed shallows to spawn. After several weeks, the crucian carp, hungry after the mating season, begins to eat. During this period, he is caught with almost any bait.

Summer time– this is a period of stable biting. Crucian carp is excellently caught at dawn and in the evening. In hot weather, the bite stops, and the fish move to depths where the water is cooler. Long summer rains also reduce the activity of crucian carp.

With the arrival of autumn The crucian carp becomes lazy and bites less actively. On sunny September days it still comes out to the shallows, but with the onset of cold weather it begins to migrate across the reservoir in search of a wintering place.

Bottom tackle for catching crucian carp

Crucian carp can be caught using any tackle that has a hook and bait, but it is better to give preference to devices such as a donkey or a feeder.

Depending on experience and personal preferences, fishermen effectively use both gear. There is no particular difference in the principle of fishing between them. But if you approach it more scrupulously, then the presence of a feeder and the high sensitivity of a properly selected rod give an advantage to the feeder. In addition, a spinning rod, which is often used for donkeying, due to its small size, will not allow casting over a long distance.

Choosing a feeder rod for crucian carp fishing

In order to choose the correct length and test of the feeder rod, you should determine the characteristics of the fishing location and the reservoir itself. For fishing on large rivers and reservoirs, you should choose blanks with a length of 4 m or more. This will make it possible to cast the tackle further and better control it. If you plan to catch crucian carp on a small lake or on a river with a weak current, a rod from 3 to 4 meters is suitable.

All feeder forms according to test load are divided into the following classes:

• heavy class (heavy feeder) – from 80 to 120 g;
• middle class (medium feeder) – from 40 to 80 g;
• light class (light feeder) – up to 40 g

The test indicator of a fishing rod is the maximum weight of the complete tackle allowed when casting. This includes the weight of the load, the feeder with bait and the hook with bait. It's better if total mass tackle will not exceed 2/3 of the test indicator.

If you need to choose a universal feeder rod that will be used on various bodies of water, then the best option would be a middle-class blank. In cases where you have to fish exclusively in large bodies of water or on rivers with strong currents, it is better to choose a heavy rod. The light class is suitable exclusively for fishing on small lakes, rivers and canals where long casting is not required.

When choosing a rod for a feeder, you should also pay attention to its structure - an indicator of the blank’s ability to bend. There are only three systems:

• fast (the upper third of the rod bends);
• medium (half of the rod bends);
• slow or parabolic (almost the entire form bends);

Taking into account the fact that crucian carp is small fish, and does not particularly interfere with fishing; most often, fishermen use fast and medium action rods

.

If the design of the blank involves the use of interchangeable tips (quivertips), it’s a good idea to get a set of them, which will allow you to adapt the rod depending on certain conditions. They are also divided into three types:

• soft – used for fishing in still water;
• medium - for fishing in reservoirs with moderate currents;
• hard – for fishing in strong currents

As for the material of the rod, it can be anything the fisherman chooses.

Selecting a spinning reel

The feeder reel must match the length of the rod and accommodate desired length main line. There are no special requirements for this element of gear when catching fish such as crucian carp. The main thing is that it is reliable, ensures smooth movement of the spool and lays the line evenly.

The size of the reel for catching crucian carp with feeder tackle should be in the range of 1500-2500. This indicator determines the amount of fishing line of a certain thickness that can be accommodated. For example, a size 1000 reel can carry 100 m of line with a cross section of 0.1 mm. Accordingly, 1500 is 100 m of fishing line measuring 0.15 mm.

It is also desirable to have an adjustable friction brake. It will keep the tackle from breaking when biting a large fish.

It is better to select the reel at the same time as the rod in order to be able to check the balance of the gear. You should not use heavy models to catch crucian carp. The lighter the reel, the less problems there are with it.

The number of bearings will also not play a special role when fishing for crucian carp. It is better to take a reliable branded reel with 2-3 bushings.

For crucian carp, the main fishing line is most often used with a diameter of 0.1-0.25 mm. Its cross-section is selected based on the size and weight of the expected catch:

• small specimens up to 250 g – 0.1-0.15 mm;
• average specimens 250-500 g – 0.15-0.2 mm;
• trophy crucian carp weighing about 1 kg – 0.2-0.25 mm

The feeder will require about 100 m of main line. This length is quite enough for the longest cast, as well as for repairing the tackle if it breaks. Of course, it doesn’t hurt to have an extra supply of fishing line, especially when fishing with several gears.

For the leash, you should also use a monofilament line 0.02 -0.05 mm thinner than the main one. Its length, depending on the characteristics of the bottom and the fishing method, can be 15-30 cm.

Hooks

When fishing for crucian carp with a long cast, it is more advisable to use hooks with a sting rounded inward. This design does not allow the fish to quickly get rid of the hook, and in some cases automatically hooks it. However, when using bloodworms or boilies as bait, it is better to use hooks with a long straight shank.

The hook size is selected according to the size of the fish you plan to catch, as well as the size and type of bait. Usually crucian carp are caught on hooks No. 10-No. 16 according to the international classification.

How to increase your fish catch?

Over 7 years of active fishing, I have found dozens of ways to improve the bite. Here are the most effective ones:

1. Bite activator. This pheromone additive attracts fish most strongly in cold and warm water. Discussion of the bite activator “Hungry Fish”.
2. Promotion gear sensitivity. Read the appropriate manuals for your specific type of gear.
3. Lures based pheromones.

Bottom rigs

For catching crucian carp with a feeder, the following types of bottom equipment are considered the most applicable:

• standard feeder equipment;
• crown;
• pacifier (smoktukha);
• "crucian carp killer"

Feeder rigs for crucian carp

When using feeder equipment, the paternoster (Gardner equipment), “method” type equipment and an asymmetric loop are most often used.

Paternoster– the first type of equipment is the simplest and most sensitive, which can be mounted directly at the fishing spot. To do this, a loop is knitted at the end of the main fishing line to secure the leash to it. Stepping back 15-20 cm from it, another loop with a diameter of 10-15 cm is knitted with a double knot. The feeder is attached to it through a carabiner or swivel. The only drawback of this installation is the weak self-cutting effect.

Equipment "method" involves the use of special open “method” feeders. Their peculiarity lies in their design, which allows them to lie on the bottom in such a way that the open side with pressed bait is on top. There are also three-bladed “method” models, in which the bait is stuffed between the blades. Such feeders are attached to the main line passed through their body in a sliding manner. They do an excellent job of self-cutting.

Asymmetrical loop is one of the most common feeder equipment due to its sensitivity, as well as the fact that it eliminates tangling of the gear when casting. Installing an asymmetrical loop is easy. To do this, the end of the main fishing line, 2 m long, is formed into a large loop with a diameter of about 60 cm. On the side of the loop, at a distance of 30-50 cm from its beginning, a “twist” of 10-15 cm long is made from the same fishing line with a loop for attaching the leash. To twist the fishing line correctly, it is folded in half and tied with a double knot at the base. Any oblong object is inserted into the resulting loop, with the help of which the double fishing line is twisted. A small loop for the leash is left untwisted, which is limited to a double knot. The feeder is attached to a large loop using a swivel and a carabiner.

Makushatnik

Makushatnik

Crucian carp, like most carp fish, approaching a large bait that is impossible to swallow, sucks it from all sides. Such tackle as a makushatnik is designed specifically for this feature. It has a simple design and consists of a lead weight (preferably flat), weighing 30-50 g, attached to the main fishing line in a “blind” or sliding way, as well as a block of pressed sunflower seed (top) attached to it.

The weight is tied to the main fishing line using a nylon cord 7-10 cm long. 3-5 leashes with hooks are tied to the same cord. A block of top grain, approximately 4x6 cm in size, is attached to the load in any way, into which hooks are stuck before casting. When sucking this bar along with particles of the top, the crucian carp swallows a bare hook, which is not so easy to get rid of. Considering the weight of the equipment, crucian carp very often hook themselves.

Pacifier

Pacifier

Such equipment as a nipple is also designed for sucking bait, however, not the top of the bait, but the usual soaked bait mixture for crucian carp or other carp fish. Usually this equipment is made at home from scrap materials. The base is most often taken from a plastic bottle cap, a yogurt bottle, or another. A flat weight (20-40 g) is attached to it from below with a screw or bolt. The assembled structure is tied to the main line in any convenient way.

3-5 leashes with hooks are tied to the sides of the lid. The soaked bait is placed in the lid and pressed tightly. Hooks without bait are stuck into the mixture.

“Crucian carp killer” rig

crucian carp killer

Over the past few years, this type of bottom equipment has gained enormous popularity, and in terms of catchability it has the right to compete with the most common feeder equipment. The “Crucian Killer” combined in its design the principle of a feeder and an ordinary donkey. It consists of 2-3 springs, used as feeders, connected to each other by a fishing line 0.3-0.5 mm thick. It is better that the springs have an axial tube in their design through which the connecting line will pass.

One or two hooks are tied to each of the springs on a short (3-5 cm) leash. The feeders are filled with mastyrka or any other mixed bait mixture. You can attach any crucian carp bait to the hooks, but it is better to use foam dough or foam balls - they will not attract small things.

If you have to fish on the current, and own weight There are few springs to hold the gear in place; an additional weight is tied to the last of them.

When going fishing for crucian carp, do not forget also that:

• It is better to have several different types of bait and equipment with you - crucian carp are very picky and often change their preferences.
• This fish senses pressure changes very well, so when the weather worsens, biting activity decreases significantly.
• When adding bait, do not overdo it - this will definitely scare away the crucian carp.
• In the cold season, it is better to use a worm, bloodworm or maggot as bait.
• During the spawning period, small crucian carp most often bite, not engaged in the process of prolongation of the genus.

Catching crucian carp with a donkey is a prey method. It is especially good in windy weather on reservoirs where crucian carp hold on for quite a long time. long distance from the shore, and strong winds or currents do not allow the use of float gear. In addition, with the help of a donkey it is easier to fish in cloudy, rainy, cool weather, when the fish go deeper in search of warmth.

Almost all types of donkeys are suitable for catching crucian carp. Plus, recently they have been using developments used in carp fishing, ranging from hair snap and ending with special forms of feeders.

Fishing tackle

There are several types of donks for catching crucian carp:

Currently, a modern donka is understood as tackle, which includes:

• a fishing rod (specialized, standard with guides or a spinning rod) equipped with a bite alarm;
• reel with fishing line;
• a feeder equipped with a built-in sinker and hook(s).

Mechanical and electronic equipment can be used as a bite alarm. Mechanical ones include a quiver in feeder and picker rigs, and a bell.

In each tackle, you can use an anti-twist tube to connect the leads with the main line and the swivel.

The feeder can be plastic or made of metal. Container type or frame. The first type is used mainly either for feeder fishing or for feeding with animal bait. Frame feeders of the method type are gear for catching large crucian carp or carp mainly on the silted bottom.

The choice of gear depending on the fishing location and the size of the bait

For bottom fishing for crucian carp on rivers, all types of bottoms are used, including feeder equipment. On the river, you can use coarser tackle, increasing the thickness of the main line to 0.25 mm and the length of the leads to 1 meter in rigs without a feeder. When using the last element of the equipment, filled with porridge, the length of the leash can remain the same (up to 10 cm)

Most rigs with a feeder are distinguished by the shape of the feeder, which can have:

Plastic feeders may have:

• spindle-shaped;
• cylindrical.

By definition, they have less weight, so they can be used mainly in calm water.

To catch crucian carp in calm water bodies, you can use:

• any metal feeders, if the bottom of this reservoir is hard;
• any plastic feeders, especially if the bottom is heavily silted;

On such reservoirs you need to use the thinnest possible main line and inconspicuous leashes, which are always shorter than “river” ones.

Bait is of little importance in choosing gear:

1. In any case, first of all, the hook must be suitable for the bait.
2. Delicate baits require greater sensitivity of the bite alarm.

On the river, you can use coarser tackle, increasing the thickness of the main line to 0.25 mm and the length of the leads to 1 meter in rigs without a feeder How to increase your fish catch?

Over 7 years of active fishing, I have found dozens of ways to improve the bite. Here are the most effective ones:

1. Bite activator. This pheromone additive attracts fish most strongly in cold and warm water. .
2. Promotion gear sensitivity. Read the appropriate manuals for your specific type of gear.
3. Lures based pheromones.

Donka selection depending on the season

In the spring before spawning, it is good to use for catching crucian carp. After spawning, feeder fishing becomes the main method, primarily on rivers. On bodies of calm water, spindle-shaped feeders (“spring”), “plugs,” and “nipples” work well. Closer to autumn, all types of donks can be used on reservoirs of all types.

Donka "crucian carp killer"

This bottom equipment is not considered sporting. IN spring fishing It is prohibited for crucian carp. In summer, its use is regulated by local legislation. In many regions of Russia, this type of donka is generally prohibited for use.

The peculiarity of this type of bottom equipment is the unusual design of the feeder. It consists of three small springs, which are connected in series with each other using a braid. Each of the springs is equipped with a hook on a leash short to 5 cm, made of thin braid.

This feeder is attached to the main line using fasteners with swivels. The design also contains a sinker, the weight, shape and size of which depends on the characteristics of the reservoir.

The feeder in such a donk is filled with viscous bait, into which a hook with a nozzle is pressed. The crucian carp, having discovered food, begins to eat it. Sooner or later he finds the bait. The moment the bait enters his mouth, an involuntary hooking of the fish occurs. It is detected by a bite alarm.

The angler can only make a short hook.

Donka with your own hands

The classic donka is equipped as follows:

1. The rod is equipped with a reel with the main fishing line;
2. Two or more loops are made on the fishing line.
3. A sinker or a weighted feeder is tied to the outer loop.
4. The remaining loops are equipped with leashes with a hook.

Lure

Various baiting methods are used, which vary depending on:

• time of year;
• weather conditions;
• preferences of crucian carp in this particular body of water

in spring

To catch crucian carp on a donk in the spring, you need to use bait, which consists mainly of small fractions. The best basis for such bait is a mass of plant origin crushed in a coffee grinder, or purchased bait such as “Crucian carp” or “Crucian carp-Lin”.

As a filler, you can add boiled buckwheat or pearl barley crushed in a coffee grinder. It is better not to use flavorings at this time, but pieces of the main bait will be a good addition to the bait.

In summer

During this period, the crucian carp needs to be fed abundantly, so you need to add a rich filler to the base (purchased). When fishing with a feeder, boiled millet is most often used as a filler.

in autumn

The basis remains the same. Filler too. To activate the bite, you need to add pieces of freshly cut worms or crushed bloodworms to the filler.

It is better not to use flavorings in the spring, but pieces of the main bait will be a good addition to the bait

Making bait

1. You need to pour the bait base into a bucket or other container., which is still dry and needs to be thoroughly mixed;
2. Fill the bait with water from the pond, mix, let the bait brew, and then sift through a sieve;
3. Add prepared fill in advance and mix again;
4. Add soil from the shore of a pond (or molehill) and flavoring. Mix the bait thoroughly and let it brew.

Quantity of bait

In spring and autumn, a lot of bait is not required. For bait on a regular bottom with a feeder, you will need a maximum of 2 kg for 8 hours of fishing. For a feeder feeder, you will need more bait - up to 5 kg.

IN summer fishing On the bottom, the crucian carp will have to be fed generously, so the base and filler are mixed in a 1:1 ratio, and flavoring is added to the bait. The total weight of the bait that may have to be used can vary from 5 to 10 kg, depending on the type of reservoir and the activity of the fish at a given time.

Lures for crucian carp

Crucian carp is omnivorous. Experts say that he can feed on his own young in winter, but this is rather an exception to the rule. general rule. Spring and autumn this fish prefers animals to baits of plant origin.

Nozzles of plant origin include:

• cereals (barley, millet, semolina);
• dough (all types, including protein and mastyrka);
• grain (young wheat, green peas, canned corn);
• dough.

Nozzles of animal origin include:

• red worm (as well as earthworm, crawler, dung, subleaf, green)
• maggot (white and colored);
• bloodworm;
• sandwich (bait in various combinations)

In relation to the seasons of the year, you need to use the following baits:

Spring

Before spawning, the main baits will be bloodworms, shitik, maggots, red worms, and burdock moth larva. If it is possible to cast over short and medium distances, you can use protein dough as a bait.

After spawning, the main baits are bloodworms, pearl barley, corn, and thick dough. Large crucian carp may still be attracted to baits of animal origin - worms, insect larvae.

Summer

The majority continue to fish with bait of plant origin - porridge (barley, wheat, hominy), semolina, boiled medium-sized potatoes, fresh grain from the surrounding fields. During this period, abnormal heat may interfere with crucian fishing. Here you can try fishing with small boilies or use “technoplankton” type bait, which is used for catching silver carp.

Autumn

At this time, you can fish with donka using almost all possible baits of both plant and animal origin. Throughout September, crucian carp actively feeds. With the onset of cold weather, the bite will weaken, regardless of the bait used. In most reservoirs, the bite stops completely with the onset of freeze-up.

Fishing technique

Selecting a location and preparing it

To fish with a donkey, you need to choose a suitable place on the shore. The base - the place where the rod stand will be installed - must be level, as dry and clean as possible. If necessary, the patch on the shore must be cleared, especially from branches and grass.

For normal casting, it is necessary that there are no obstacles in the form of bushes or trees behind the angler at a distance of up to 7 meters.

At the bottom you need to find a place interesting for crucian carp. You can use a depth gauge for this. In order not to lose your place, you can use a tool from the carp angler’s arsenal. For example, marker equipment. The place needs to be fed.

Lure

You can use the feeder bait method. Divide the prepared bait into two equal parts. Place one half in the chosen location using a large, voluminous feeder. You can feed the area by making balls of groundbait or using pressed bait. The latter works well in the summer heat.

In the future, you need to use bait at regular intervals. For example, every 30 minutes. You need to cast at least 3 bait balls the size of a medium orange.

Casting

There are not so many ways to cast bottom tackle. The simplest of them is the method of casting from behind. The rod, equipped with bait and bait, is placed behind the back. Choose the direction of casting (some landmark on the water, on the opposite bank, or a marker float on the water).

The protective frame is removed from the reel, and the free line is held by hand. In this position, it is necessary to check whether the line is caught on the tulip (the upper throughput ring of the rod). Then a short swing is made.

At the moment when the feeder, under the action of the rod, flies out from behind the back, when the direction of movement of the feeder has already been set, the line at the reel is released. At the moment of casting, you only need to control the line coming off the reel by slightly braking it with your finger.

Catching

The rod is placed on a stand. A bite alarm is installed on the fishing line or rod tip. The rod must be installed in such a way that the angle of incidence of the fishing line in relation to the blank is at least 45 degrees.

Next, the fisherman will have to wait for a bite, which a mechanical or electronic signaling device bites. During weak pulls, it is difficult to choose the moment to hook. It’s worth waiting for a confident bite. In this case, you need to raise the rod and make a short amplitude but sharp jerk of the rod towards yourself.

You need to fish for crucian carp in accordance with its size and strength of resistance. Large crucian carp can behave like carp, acting quickly and aggressively. It is necessary to immediately loosen the friction brake of the reel, having first stopped the first jerk of the fish, making sure that the fish does not go into cover. Next you will have to fight, allowing the clutch to release the line at the moment when the crucian carp tries to escape, reeling it towards the shore.

Medium and small fish must be immediately removed from the feeding area, actively working with the reel. As a rule, they do not offer strong resistance. By the shore small crucian carp Can be taken in water by hand. Large ones need to be taken into the landing net.

Then you need to refill the feeder with bait, add fresh bait and repeat the whole cycle. If the fisherman caught a small-sized crucian carp, the next bite may follow immediately after throwing in a new batch of bait. You'll have to wait until the next big crucian bites. It’s worth calmly feeding the place again, and only then throwing out the tackle.

Secrets of fishing

We must remember that crucian carp is a slow fish. He is never the first to come to the bait, especially since splashes of water at the time of feeding frighten him. Small and fast fish always come first for bait: roach, bream, bleak. They eat up all the small food. Therefore, it is necessary to include large fractions of ingredients in the bait, of such sizes that small fish could not swallow them;

The bites of crucian carp on the donk are sharp and rapid only during periods of gluttony. On other days, he pecks cautiously and self-hooks extremely rarely.

Sometimes, to activate the bite, you need to pull the tackle a little closer to the shore.

Features of catching crucian carp on a donk

The bite of crucian carp is influenced not even by the season, but by the temperature of the water and air on a given day. The activity of the fish affects the intensity of the bite.

In cold spring weather, you need to look for crucian carp at depths. During this period, you can feed him only bloodworms in small quantities. You can’t expect active bites even with the most delicate bottom equipment.

During the thaw, during the period of ice melting, when the sun warms up the shallow waters first, you need to fish in the shallows. It makes no sense to feed him seriously during this period. During this period, you can catch it without a feeder. Tackle is selected based on the turbidity of the water. The more transparent it is, the thinner the tackle should be.

During the period when the water temperature exceeds 10 degrees, crucian carp begins to actively feed. This fish can and should be fed. You can use not only classic donks, but also bottom gear equipped with feeders.

In summer, all types of bottom gear can be used to catch crucian carp. The bite will largely depend on weather conditions. Therefore, the fisherman will have to experiment with bait and bait. In autumn, the activity of crucian carp gradually decreases. But until the coldest weather, you can use all types of donks for catching crucian carp. You can't feed the fish as much as you did in the summer. The bait must be energetically valuable.

1. In the heat of the day, crucian carp may practically not respond to either bait or complementary food. You can replace the feeder with pressed bait, which will create a cloud in the water that imitates the movement of zooplankton. In this case, the bite may intensify.
2. Large crucian carp can be tempted to bite with a small boilie, using classic hair equipment;
3. On many bodies of water, fish only react to bait with which they are familiar. You need to use worms from the shore of a reservoir, caterpillars from the leaves of trees growing near the water.

One of the most popular, time-tested gear is the donka for crucian carp. They probably caught people using it back in the times of Alexander Nevsky or Dmitry Donskoy, but even today large number Fishermen fish for silver beauties with this fishing rod.

We will tell you in this review what bottom tackle for crucian carp is in the modern sense, and what types it has. We will also consider how to properly assemble a donkey with your own hands and share the secrets of fishing.

Evolution of bottom gear

Over a long period of development, bottom tackle has undergone major changes. It has gone from the simplest fishing rod to the modern English fishing rod - the feeder. Let's follow the evolutionary path of donkey in detail.

Zakidushka

Bottom tackle was initially used everywhere. In the conditions of most reservoirs, it was gradually moved away by the float, and the donka began to be used only for fishing in deep places. Today, in crucian carp fishing, both types of fishing rods are used in approximately equal proportions in frequency.

The historically oldest simple donka, in many places in our country it is called a “zakidushka”, is a piece of fishing line with a weight and one or two hooks. The tackle, previously laid out on the shore, is sent into the water by hand casting. The fishing range depends on the weight of the sinker used, as well as on the strength and dexterity of the fisherman. Lure feeding for crucian carp fishing is carried out by delivering the mixture on a boat or by throwing balls at the intended point.

The disadvantages of the zakidushka are obvious:

• short and not very accurate casting;
• difficulties with feeding;
• forced use of thick fishing lines.

The main advantages of the gear:

• cheapness;
• ease of manufacture;
• mobility during transportation and during fishing.

Attention! Large-diameter monofilaments are used in the cast because thin lines often get tangled, and landing a strong trophy, and carp is often caught in by-catch with crucian carp, is problematic on a thin line.

A thin fishing line, among other things, can cut a fisherman’s hands when fishing for a particularly large trophy, so when installing a donkey, a very thick monofilament is often used.

A reel is used to assemble the elements of the hook together. It is made from various available materials:

• cut out of planks or plywood;
• cut out of dense foam or polystyrene;
• bent from thick wire;
• ready-made factory products are used.

For placement on the shore, they are attached to a stand or pin. In some designs, one of the “horns” of the reel is made longer, and on the shore the donk is stuck into the ground with this protrusion.

A supply of fishing line that is double the fishing distance is wound onto the reel. Its diameter, depending on the preferences of the fisherman, can range from 0.2 to 0.6 millimeters. For catching crucian carp, you can use thinner monofilaments, and the latter option will allow you to use similar gear even for catching catfish on a donk.

At the end of the fishing line, a sinker of sufficient weight is attached to cast and hold the equipment at the fishing point. The minimum weight can be considered a lead casting weighing 25–30 grams. It is inconvenient to throw lighter loads by hand.

The optimal sinker for a bottom fishing rod of this type can be considered a flat lead in the form of a petal weighing 1½–2 ounces – approximately 42–56 grams.

One or two leashes are mounted above the sinker; the distance between them should be more than twice their length to prevent overlap. The diameter of the fishing line used for bends should be as small as possible. For crucian carp, a monofilament of 0.12–0.14 millimeters is sufficient.

Attention! Thicker leashes are used when there is a likelihood of a bite from carp, grass carp or silver carp. In this case, the diameter of the fishing line is increased to 0.18 millimeters.

The advent of shock-absorbing rubber made it possible to radically modify the donkey. Catching crucian carp has become much more convenient, and the tackle has become more catchy. Modernization allowed:

• increase fishing distance;
• control the location of the equipment;
• accurately feed the fishing spot;
• quickly return the equipment to the water after fishing;
• use thinner, delicate equipment;
• use more leashes with hooks, which allows you to simultaneously offer a variety of baits to the crucian carp.

As a result, the tackle lost mobility - it was not so easy to move it from place to place, but gained in ease of use and catchability.

Depending on the length of the rubber shock absorber and the fishing distance, the rubber band is brought into the water on a boat or cast by hand, similar to a cast. In the first case, a heavy load and a control buoy are tied to the end of the tackle to remove the tackle.

In principle, an elastic band differs from a zakidushka only in the presence of a shock absorber design.

After installing the gear, the area is fed. To do this, the bait is distributed along the entire length of the garland with leashes. This can be done by casting balls, or you can lower them from the boat, moving along the rig.

The only difference in how to make a donk for crucian carp of this type is the installation of a rubber shock absorber. It is attached at the end of the rig, immediately behind the area with leashes. A weight is tied to the end of the elastic band.

Attention! Using a shock absorber allows you to use a thinner monofilament as the main line. For catching crucian carp, its thickness of 0.3 millimeters is considered maximum.

The elastic band allows you to use a large number of leashes. Usually they are placed from five to eight pieces, but some amateurs easily work with ten. The thickness of the fishing line used for crucian carp is 0.12–0.14 millimeters. The distance between the leashes is maintained from fifty centimeters to one meter, but in any case the interval should exceed the sum of their lengths in order to avoid overlaps during the fishing process.

When fishing with a hook and an elastic band, you must have a landing net with a long handle on hand. When biting a crucian carp weighing more than 200 grams, it can be very problematic to remove it simply by picking out the fishing line with your hands.

Donka on a rod

The second optimization of the bait for catching peaceful fish, including the beautiful crucian carp, was the use of a rod and reel. The tackle has become long-range and accurate, the equipment has been minimized. Catching and removing fish has become much more convenient.
At the same time, the principle diagram of the donkey has not changed:

• main line;
• weight at the end;
• several leashes with hooks.

Any bottom fishing rod must use a bite alarm. For a classic donka, this is most often a bell or bells. And for night fishing they additionally use “fireflies”.

For donkeys with fishing rods, pendulum alarms are also used, the operating principle of which is based on controlling the tension and weakening of the fishing line when biting.

They collect such a donka on a short, two to four meters, strong rod. To do this, choose a telescopic blank or a plug-in spinning rod like a Chinese “crocodile”. The reel they install is also simple, a Chinese meat grinder with a 4000 spool and a couple of bearings will do just fine.

The fishing line, compared to previous donks, is chosen thinner: the main one is 0.18–0.25 millimeters, the leads: 0.10–0.12. For successful fishing of even large crucian carp, such diameters are quite enough.

Advice! If there is a chance of a large fish biting: carp or grass carp, you should use thicker fishing lines - 4-6 tenths of a millimeter thicker, and use leadcore or braided line for leashes.

A further development of the previous gear was the replacement of the end weight with a feeder. Moreover, now the variety of equipment is amazingly varied: both old-fashioned installations and advanced feeder equipment are used here.

Catching crucian carp on a bottom with a feeder instead of a load has increased its effectiveness in terms of catchability and mobility of use. Now the equipment and bait began to be located at one point.

The feeder is mounted in bottom gear in different ways depending on the preferences of the fisherman or the chosen fishing tactics:

1. In the first option, the equipment of a simple cast is repeated: the feeder is placed at the end of the main fishing line, 2-3 leashes are mounted above it with an interval exceeding the sum of their lengths to prevent overlap.
2. Some anglers use an inline sliding feeder. In this option, another leash is added, which is attached below it through a swivel-stopper system.
3. In installations with different nipples, all leashes are attached directly to the feeder or to the ring in front of it.
4. In the “crucian carp killer” rig, an end sinker and 2-3 light, unloaded sliding feeders are used, and short 5-centimeter leashes are tied next to them. It is important to remember that this gear is considered poaching in many regions and is prohibited.

Silicone stoppers are placed between the feeders and leashes to limit movement.

Attention! In donkeys for crucian carp, a variety of loop equipment is also used, because this equipment, in fact, is the prototype feeder fishing rod, “feeder” in English is a feeding trough.

Since crucian carp are mainly caught in reservoirs without a current, the feeders used are not heavy - up to 60 grams. It would be optimal to use plastic containers or nets, which, among other things, do not go too deep into the silt.

Separately, it should be said about long-range bullet feeders, which allow you to make long-distance casts in situations where this is required.

Nipples

Under this name we have combined several types of feeders that have the same operating principle: they are filled with dense, non-scattering bait. The fish, approaching such a treat, begins to dissolve the tasty dough and, having stumbled upon the hook, sucks it in, trying to throw it out through the gills. If a bait is attached to a hook, the crucian carp tends to swallow it and is also hooked.

Types of nipples:

• spring;
• flat feeder or method;
• spoon;
• cork;
• banjo – a cork with a straw;

Often the hooks on the nipples are equipped with foam balls; they raise the hooks above the bait, disturb the crucian carp, provoking it to bite.

Attention! One type of bottom gear, the half-bottom, is practically not used for crucian carp due to its focus on fishing in the current. However, if there are crucian carp in the river, they may well be caught with such a fishing rod as by-catch with roach or bream.

Lure

Having talked about the feeders used for catching crucian carp, in the continuation of the conversation we will talk about what to fill them with - about bait. Compositions for donk fishing should be selected depending on the design of your gear and the chosen fishing method:

1. The bait can be a loose mixture for filling simple mesh feeders.
2. For hand feeding when fishing with donks without feeders or with an elastic band, the mixture should mold well into balls, while breaking up into particles when reaching the bottom.
3. For nipple-type feeders, the bait should be similar to thick dough or plasticine so that the crucian carp can actually suck and savor it.
4. To equip the makushatnik, a piece of cake cut into a parallelepiped shape is used.

The cake in the makushatnik must be fresh; even a slightly rancid product will cause the opposite effect.

In this case, you need to vary the bait mixture depending on the time of year. In the spring, when the fish’s belly is filled with caviar or milt, crucian carp prefers fine-grained feed. The compositions are flavored mainly with meat, fish or spicy aromas.

In the summer, immediately after the end of spawning, large fractions begin to be added to the bait for catching crucian carp:

• barley;
• wheat;
• corn;
• boiled millet;
• pieces of undercooked peas.

Advice! The best additive to the bait will be the component used for fishing. If you catch crucian carp using corn, then you need to add corn grains to the mixture, only the most inconspicuous and mashed ones.

In autumn, coarse additives are also used, but cereal grains should be replaced with bloodworms, maggots or chopped worms. The basis of the autumn mixture is often more than half soil. The one that will work best is the one from which the banks of the reservoir chosen for catching crucian carp are made. If it is not possible to dig up soil due to its dampness or excessive hardness, you can use store-bought soil.

The most budget option will become soil sold in garden stores.

Lures

Regardless of the type of donkey, crucian carp are caught using a wide variety of baits and attachments. Their use also depends on the season. By cold water Work best in spring and autumn:

• bloodworm;
• maggot;
• muckworm;
• semolina with garlic.

As the waters warm up, they begin to work well and plant attachments. In summer, in addition to the baits listed above, crucian carp bites well on the following:

• pellets or crumb of rye or wheat bread;
• dough of various compositions;
• boiled or steamed cereal grains: pearl barley, wheat, corn;
• boiled peas both in the form of mashed balls and whole peas;
• pieces of pancakes or pancakes;
• medium-sized boilies or pellets;
• semolina with sweet flavoring or without it at all;
• pea-semolina mastyrka;
• hominy.

Recently, non-traditional baits have been used to catch carp fish, including crucian carp:

• foam balls: regular or colored and flavored, sold in fishing stores;
• fishing plasticine, from which balls are rolled that stick perfectly to the hook.

Fishing plasticine can also be used as bait for nipple feeders.

Fishing principles

The very name of the bottom tackle determines the nature of its use. When applied to fish such as crucian carp, which mainly live near the bottom of the reservoir, it is most useful.

But if earlier they used to fish with donks only in particularly deep places, today they fish with them in any conditions; only ponds that are heavily overgrown with grass can be considered a restriction on use.

Even heavily silted ponds make it possible, with some adjustment of the gear, to fish with a bottom. To do this, use light feeders and equip leashes with foam to lift the bait above the layer of silt.

Modern rod-based donks, including a feeder, allow you to preliminary explore the bottom of a reservoir in search of bottom irregularities that attract a school of crucian carp. If you use an elastic band, it is better to use electronic gadgets - echo sounders.

Fishing with donkeys begins in the spring, even before the spawning of crucian carp. It continues already in June, gradually subsiding in intensity by July. But in August it’s time for the second wave of bite, when the cooled water awakens the fish to actively feed. Peak autumn fishing in central Russia it falls in mid-September, gradually decreasing towards winter.

Conclusion

Fishing for crucian carp on a donk is one of the most popular types fishing. Many anglers are willing to sit on a pond for hours waiting for the ringing of a bell or the twitching of a quiver tip.

Properly assembled tackle, prepared bait and optimally selected bait or attachment will not only increase your chances of success, but will also bring indescribable pleasure from fishing for finicky fish, which is everyone’s favorite beauty - silver or golden crucian carp!