ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ Π·ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π· Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ . Π’ΡΡΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 200 ΡΡΡΠ°Π½, ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ . Π’ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»Π° Π²Π΄ΠΎΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π°??ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π΅ΠΉ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ³Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΡΠ΅Π²Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ 8 Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΎ Π½.Ρ. ΠΏΠΎ 4 Π²Π΅ΠΊ Π½. Ρ. ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ³Ρ Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π½Π΅Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡ Π³ΠΎΡΡ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏ, ΠΎΡΠΊΡΠ΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ³Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡ Π² 1894 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π§Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡ, Π±ΡΠ» Π±Π°ΡΠΎΠ½ ΠΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π΅ ΠΡΠ±Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½. Π‘ ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½, ΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ.
ΠΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°Π· ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ. Π’Π°ΠΊ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ (ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ), Π² 1896 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ³Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π» ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΆ β ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π΄Π΅ ΠΡΠ±Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π·ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ Π€ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π² 1924 Π³ΠΎΠ΄. ΠΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ Π² Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π¨Π°ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈ. ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΡΠ΅Π²Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°, ΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄ΡΡΠΆΠ±Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ· ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ³Ρ Β«Citius, Altius, FortiusΒ», ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Ρ Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Β«ΠΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅, Π²ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½Π΅Π΅Β». Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ 1910 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡΡ, Π±ΡΠ» Π³ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ 1988 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ³Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡ ΠΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ.
Π Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ³Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ±Ρ ΠΈΠ· Π»ΡΠΊΠ°, ΡΡΡΠ±ΠΎΠ», Π΅Π·Π΄Ρ Π½Π° Π²Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π΅, Π³ΡΠ΅Π±Π»Ρ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎΡ, Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈ Ρ.Π΄. ΠΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ° Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π·ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ½Ρ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π»ΡΠΆΠ°Ρ , Π±ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π³, Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° Π»ΡΠ΄Ρ, ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠΊΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½, Π±ΠΈΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ½ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°. Π ΡΡΠΎ Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅. Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ³Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΆΠ°Π»ΡΠΉ, Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ³Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ. Π¦Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½, Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π³ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ-ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ². Π¦Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ², Π½ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π· Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ, ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΠΠ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡ. ΠΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΉ β Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ. ΠΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ, Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.
The Olympic Games have a very long history. They began in 777 ΠΠ‘ in Greece and took place every four years for nearly twelve centuries at Olympia. They included many different kinds of sports: running, boxing, wrestling, etc. All the cities in Greece sent their best athletes to Olympia to compete in the Games.
For the period of the Games all the wars stopped. So the Olympic Games became the symbol of peace and friendship. In 394 AD the Games were abolished and were not renewed until many centuries later.
In 1894 French Baron Pierre de Coubertin, addressed all the sports governing bodies and pointed out the significance of sport and its educational value.
Two years later the first modern Olympic Games took place. Of course, the competitions were held in Greece to symbolize the continuation of the centuries-old tradition.
In 1896 the International Olympic Committee was set up. It is the central policy-making body of the Olympic movement. It is formed by the representatives of all countries, which take part in the Olympic Games.
Summer and Winter Games are held separately.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΊΠ°: ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ (1)
ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π² 777 Π³. Π΄ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π²Π΅Π½Π°Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ½ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°: Π±Π΅Π³, Π±ΠΎΠΊΡ, Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ±Ρ ΠΈ Ρ. ΠΏ. ΠΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ»Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Ρ .
Π ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ³Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠΆΠ±Ρ. Π 394 Π³. Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ².
Π 1894 Π³. ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ·, Π±Π°ΡΠΎΠ½ ΠΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π΅ ΠΡΠ±Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π» Π½Π° Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅.
ΠΠ²Π° Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠΏΡΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ.
Π 1896 Π³. Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ ΠΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ. ΠΡΠΎ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Ρ .
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π·ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ.
ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π’ΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΊΠ° (Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ) ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ " Π‘ΠΏΠΎΡΡ " Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ· Π²Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ Π²Ρ ΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΌΡΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π’ΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΊΠ° (Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ) ΠΈ Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ "Π‘ΠΏΠΎΡΡ " Ρ Π²Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½Π΅Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡΠΌ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ.
ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ Ρ Π²Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π²Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π²Π°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π½Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ ΠΈ Π² Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΌ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ³Π»Ρ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ Π²Π°ΠΌ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π° . ΠΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° Π§ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π―Π·ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΉΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Ρ Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ.
Sports and Olympic Games
Many people all over the world are interested in sport. Sport helps people to stay healthy and makes them more organized and better disciplined in their daily activities.
They have always paid great attention to sport in our schools, colleges and universities. You can hardly find a school without a gym or a sportsground. Every city and town has a few stadiums or swimming pools, where local or even international competitions are usually held. Traditionally, sport could be divided into professional and amateur sport.
Former Soviet Union and later Ukrainian and Russian sportsmen have set a great number of world records in gymnastics, weightlifting, tennis, swimming, running, high jumping, etc. Our sportsmen also participate in the Olympic Games and always win gold, silver and bronze medals.
The Olympic Games have long history. They started in 776 ΠΠ‘ in Greece and took place every four years for nearly twelve centuries at Olympia. They included many different kinds of sports. All the cities in Greece sent their best athletes to Olympia to compete in the Games. When the Games took place, all the wars stopped. So, the Olympic Games became the symbol of peace and friendship.
Now, there are Summer and Winter Olympic Games. They are held separately. There are always several cities wishing to host the Games. The International Committee of Olympic Games selects the most suitable. After that, the host city starts its preparations for the competitions, constructs new sport facilities, or reconstructs them, reconstructs stadiums, hotels, press centres, etc. Thousand of athletes, journalists and guests arrive to the Games, and it takes great efforts to arrange everything.
Russia joined the Olympic movement in 1952. In 1980, Moscow hosted the twenty-second Olympic Games. The latest . Olympic Games were held in Sydney, Australia. Our sportsmen won medals in many sports. Next Olympic Games take place in Greece, the Motherland of these games.
Π‘ΠΏΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ
ΠΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ. Π‘ΠΏΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Π΅Ρ Π»ΡΠ΄ΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΈΡ
Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ, Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅.
Π Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ
, ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ°Ρ
ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡ Π΅Π΄Π²Π° Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ, Π³Π΄Π΅ Π½Π΅Ρ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠΊ. ΠΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ², Π³Π΄Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π’ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ.
Π‘ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π‘ΠΎΡΠ·Π°, Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² Π³ΠΈΠΌΠ½Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅, ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅, ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅, ΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ, Π±Π΅Π³Π΅, ΠΏΡΡΠΆΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π² Π²ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ Ρ. Π΄. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° Π²ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ.
Π£ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ³Ρ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π² 776 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π΄ΠΎ Π½.Ρ. Π² ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΈ: ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π²Π΅Π½Π°Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ½ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ»Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ
Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π°ΡΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ³Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠΆΠ±Ρ.
Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ. ΠΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ. ΠΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ³Ρ. ΠΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΠ³ΡΡ, Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ - ΡΡΡΠΎΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ, Π³ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡ-ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ ΠΈ Ρ. Π΄. Π’ΡΡΡΡΠΈ Π°ΡΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅Π·ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΠ³ΡΡ ΠΈ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ.
Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² 1952 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π 1980 ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»Π° Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π°Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ Π² Π‘ΠΈΠ΄Π½Π΅Π΅, ΠΠ²ΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΉΠ΄ΡΡ Π² ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ³Ρ.
Questions:
1. Why do many people like sport?
2. How could sport be traditionally divided into?
3. When did the Olympic Games start?
4. What happened in Greece when the Olympic Games started there?
5. When did Russia join the Olympic movement?
6. When did Moscow host the twenty-second Olympic Games?
7. When and where do the next Olympic Games take place?
Vocabulary:
healthy - Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ; ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΠΉ t
to discipline - Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ; ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΠΏΡΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΡΡΡ
to pay (past paid, p.p. paid) attention - ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
hardly - Π΅Π΄Π²Π°
gym -ΡΠ°Π·Π³.; ΡΠΎΠΊΡ. ΠΎΡ gymnasium - ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ Π·Π°Π»
competition - ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
amateur - Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ; ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΊ
weightlif ting - ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Ρ Π°ΡΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°
to participate - ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅
to include - Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
to compete - ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ
peace - ΠΌΠΈΡ
separately - ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ
to host - ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ; Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
suitable - ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ
guest - Π³ΠΎΡΡΡ
to arrive - ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ
to arrange - ΡΡΡΡΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ(ΡΡ), ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠ°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ; ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ
Olympic Games.
According to historical records, the first ancient Olympic Games can be traced back to 776 BC. They were dedicated to the Olympian gods and were staged on the ancient plains of Olympia. They continued for nearly 12 centuries, until Emperor Theodosius decreed in 393 A.D. that all such "pagan cults" be banned.
Olympia
Olympia, the site of the ancient Olympic Games, is in the western part of the Peloponnese which, according to Greek mythology, is the island of "Pelops", the founder of the Olympic Games. Imposing temples, votive buildings, elaborate shrines and ancient sporting facilities were combined in a site of unique natural and mystical beauty. Olympia functioned as a meeting place for worship and other religious and political practices as early as the 10th century B.C. The central part of Olympia was dominated by the majestic temple of Zeus, with the temple of Hera parallel to it.
The Games and religion
The Olympic Games were closely linked to the religious festivals of the cult of Zeus, but were not an integral part of a rite. Indeed, they had a secular character and aimed to show the physical qualities and evolution of the performances accomplished by young people, as well as encouraging good relations between the cities of Greece. According to specialists, the Olympic Games owed their purity and importance to religion.
Victory Ceremonies
The Olympic victor received his first awards immediately after the competition. Following the announcement of the winner"s name by the herald, a Hellanodikis (Greek judge) would place a palm branch in his hands, while the spectators cheered and threw flowers to him. Red ribbons were tied on his head and hands as a mark of victory.
The official award ceremony would take place on the last day of the Games, at the elevated vestibule of the temple of Zeus. In a loud voice, the herald would announce the name of the Olympic winner, his father"s name, and his homeland. Then, the Hellanodikis placed the sacred olive tree wreath, or kotinos, on the winner"s head.
ΠΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ "ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ" .
Olympic Games Quiz 1. How often are the Olympic Games held? Every year Every two years Every four years 2. How many rings are there in the Olympic Games symbol? four five 3. What do they represent? Countries of the world Continents of the world Cities of the world 4. When will the next Summer Olympics be held? 2012 2014 2016 5. Where will the next Winter Olympics be held? London Sochi Rio de Janeiro 6. Where were the first modern Olympics played? 1896 1900 1924 7. Who was the βinventorβ of the modern Olympic Games? Pierre de Coubertin Juan Antonio Samaranch Jacques Rogge 8. What do the sportsmen who come first, second and third win in the Olympics? Certificates Equipment Medals 9. Where are The International Olympic Committee based? France Switzerland Spain 10. How many people play in a Water Polo team? Five Seven. |
Summer olympic sports | ΠΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ° |
Archery | Π‘ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ±Π° ΠΈΠ· Π»ΡΠΊΠ° |
Artistic gymnastics | Π₯ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π³ΠΈΠΌΠ½Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° |
Athletics | ΠΡΠ³ΠΊΠ°Ρ Π°ΡΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° |
Badminton | ΠΠ°Π΄ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠ½ |
Basketball | ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ» |
BMX (Π²Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ) |
|
Boxing | ΠΠΎΠΊΡ |
Canoe/kayak (sprint) | ΠΡΠ΅Π±Π»Ρ Π½Π° Π±Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π°ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎΡ (ΡΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Ρ) |
Diving | ΠΡΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ |
Dressage (Equestrian) | ΠΡΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΊΠ° (ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ) |
Eventing (Equestrian) | Π’ΡΠΎΠ΅Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ (ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ) |
Fencing | Π€Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ |
Field hockey | Π₯ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ |
Football | Π€ΡΡΠ±ΠΎΠ» |
Freestyle (Wrestling) | ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ±Π° |
Greco-Roman (Wrestling) | ΠΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎ-ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ±Π° |
Judo | ΠΠ·ΡΠ΄ΠΎ |
Jumping (Equestrian) | ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡ (ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ) |
Handball | ΠΠ°Π½Π΄Π±ΠΎΠ» |
Modern pentathlon | Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ |
Mountain biking | ΠΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΈΠ½Π±Π°ΠΉΠΊ (Π²Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ) |
Rhythmic gymnastics | Π‘ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ Π³ΠΈΠΌΠ½Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° |
Road cycling | Π¨ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈ (Π²Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ) |
Swimming | ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ |
Synchronized swimming | Π‘ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ |
Track cycling | Π’ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈ (Π²Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ) |
Trampoline | ΠΡΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Π±Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅ |
Volleyball (beach) | ΠΠ»ΡΠΆΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉΠ±ΠΎΠ» |
Volleyball (indoor) | ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉΠ±ΠΎΠ» |
Water polo | ΠΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎ |
Rowing | ΠΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π³ΡΠ΅Π±Π»Ρ |
Sailing | ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ |
Shooting | Π‘ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ±Π° |
Table tennis | ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΡ |
Taekwondo | Π’Ρ ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΎ |
Tennis | Π’Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΡ |
Triathlon | Π’ΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ½ |
Weightlifting | Π’ΡΠΆΡΠ»Π°Ρ Π°ΡΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° |
Winter olympic sports | ΠΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ° |
Alpine skiing | ΠΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΆΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ |
Biathlon | ΠΠΈΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ½ |
Bobsleigh | ΠΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉ |
Cross country skiing | ΠΡΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈ |
Curling | ΠΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π³ |
Figure skating | Π€ΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ |
Freestyle skiing | Π€ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ» (ΠΡΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°) |
Ice hockey | Π₯ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠ΅ΠΉ |
Luge | Π‘Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ |
Nordic combined | ΠΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ |
Short track speed skating | Π¨ΠΎΡΡ-ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊ (ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°) |
Skeleton | Π‘ΠΊΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½ |
Ski jumping | ΠΡΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° |
Snowboarding | Π‘Π½ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π³ |
Speed skating | ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ |
Olympic vocabulary | ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ° |
Amateur | ΠΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ |
Anthem | ΠΠΈΠΌΠ½ |
Banned | ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ |
Broadcaster | ΠΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠΈΠΉ/Π΄ΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡ/ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡ |
Compete | Π‘ΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ |
Contestant | Π£ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ |
Controversy | Π Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ |
Doping | ΠΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ½Π³ |
Facilities | (CΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅) ΡΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ |
Fanfare | Π€Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΡ |
Host | Π‘ΡΡΠ°Π½Π°-Ρ ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΠΊΠ° ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠ°Π΄Ρ |
Humanity | Π§Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ |
Medal | ΠΠ΅Π΄Π°Π»Ρ |
Motto | ΠΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ· |
Nationality | ΠΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ |
Oath | ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ²Π° |
Participant | Π£ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ |
Partisanship | ΠΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎ (ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌ) |
Postpone | ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈ (Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ) |
Preliminaries | ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ |
Purity | Π§ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ° |
Qualify | ΠΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ |
Representative | ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ |
Security | ΠΡ ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊ |
Spectator | ΠΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ |
Sponsor | Π‘ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΡ |
Spokesman | Π§Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ (ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ - ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½), ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² Π‘ΠΠ |
Sportsmanship | Π‘ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ Π΄ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ |
Stamina | ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ |
Standings | ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ |
Substitute | ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΎΠΊ, Π²ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ |
Swifter | ΠΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ |
Symbol | Π‘ΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ» |
Torch | Π€Π°ΠΊΠ΅Π» |
Venue | ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ³Ρ (ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Ρ. Π΄.) |
Victory | ΠΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄Π° |
2014 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games Events | [ tuΛ ΛΞΈaΚznΜ©d ΛfΙΛΛtiΛn ΙΛlΙͺmpΙͺk Ιnd ΛperΙΛlΙͺmpΙͺk ΛwΙͺntΙ Ι‘eΙͺmz ΙͺΛvents ] | |
Olympic Winter Games of 2014 in Sochi | [ ΙΛlΙͺmpΙͺk ΛwΙͺntΙ Ι‘eΙͺmz Ιv tuΛ ΛΞΈaΚznΜ©d ΛfΙΛΛtiΛn Ιͺn ΛsotΚi ] | ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π·ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ 2014 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈ |
winter olympic sports | [ ΛwΙͺntΙr ΙΛlΙͺmpΙͺk spΙΛts ] | |
alpine skiing | [ ΛΓ¦lpaΙͺn ΛskiΛΙͺΕ ] | Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π»ΡΠΆΠΈ / Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΆΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ |
biathlon | [ baΙͺ"æθlΙn ] | Π±ΠΈΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ½ |
bobsleigh (BrE) / bobsled (AmE) | [ ΛbΙbsleΙͺ ] [ ΛbΙbsled ] | Π±ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉ |
cross-country skiing | [ krΙs ΛkΚntri ΛskiΛΙͺΕ ] | Π»ΡΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈ |
curling | [ ΛkΙΛlΙͺΕ ] | ΠΊΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π³ |
figure skating | [ ΛfΙͺΙ‘Ι [ ΛskeΙͺtΙͺΕ ] | ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ) |
freestyle (skiing) | [ ΛfriΛstaΙͺl ] [ ΛskiΛΙͺΕ ] | (Π»ΡΠΆΠ½ΡΠΉ) ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ» |
ice hockey | [ aΙͺs ΛhΙki ] | |
luge | [ luΛΚ ] | ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ |
nordic combined | [ ΛnΙΛdΙͺk kΙmΛbaΙͺnd ] | Π»ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ |
short track (speed skating) | [ ΚΙΛt trΓ¦k ] [ spiΛd ΛskeΙͺtΙͺΕ ] | ΡΠΎΡΡ-ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊ |
skeleton | [ ΛskelΙͺtnΜ© ] | ΡΠΊΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½ |
ski jumping | [ skiΛ ΛdΚΚmpΙͺΕ ] | ΠΏΡΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Π»ΡΠΆΠ°Ρ Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° |
snowboarding | [ "snΙubΙΛdΙͺΕ ] | ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π³ |
(long track) speed skating | [ ΛlΙΕ trΓ¦k ] [ spiΛd ΛskeΙͺtΙͺΕ ] | ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅Π³ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ (ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ) |
Olympic vocabulary | [ ΙΛlΙͺmpΙͺk vΙΛkΓ¦bjΚlΙri ] | |
amateur | [ ΛΓ¦mΙtΙ ] | Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ |
anthem | [ ΛΓ¦nΞΈΙm ] | Π³ΠΈΠΌΠ½ |
banned | [ bΓ¦nd ] | Π·Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ |
broadcaster | [ ΛbrΙΛdkΙΛstΙ ] | Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠΈΠΉ / ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡ |
compete | [ kΙmΛpiΛt ] | ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ |
contestant | [ kΙnΛtestΙnt ] | ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ |
controversy | [ ΛkΙntrΙvΙΛsi ] | ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ |
doping | [ ΛdΙΚpΙͺΕ ] | Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ½Π³ |
facilities | [ fΙΛsΙͺlΙͺtΙͺz ] | (cΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅) ΡΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ |
fanfare | [ ΛfΓ¦nfeΙ ] | ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΡ |
host | [ hΙΚst ] | ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°-Ρ ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠ°Π΄Ρ |
humanity | [ hjuΛΛmΓ¦nΙͺti ] | ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ |
mascot | [ ΛmΓ¦skΙt ] | ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΌΠ°Π½ |
medal | [ ΛmedlΜ© ] | ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π°Π»Ρ |
motto | [ ΛmΙtΙΚ ] | Π΄Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ· |
nationality | [ ΛnΓ¦ΚΙΛnΓ¦lΙͺti ] | Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ |
oath | [ ΙΚΞΈ ] | ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ²Π° |
participant | [ pΙΛΛtΙͺsΙͺpΙnt ] | ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ |
partisanship | [ ΛpΙΛtΙͺΛzΓ¦nΚΙͺp ] | Π½Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎ (ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌ) |
postpone | [ ΛpΙust"pΙun] | ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈ (Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ) |
preliminaries | [ prΙͺΛlΙͺmΙͺnΙrΙͺz ] | ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ |
purity | [ ΛpjΚΙrΙͺti ] | ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ° |
qualify | [ ΛkwΙlΙͺfaΙͺ ] | ΠΏΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ |
representative | [ ΛreprΙͺΛzentΙtΙͺv ] | ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ |
security | [ sΙͺΛkjΚΙrΙͺti ] | ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊ |
spectator | [ spekΛteΙͺtΙ ] | Π·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ |
sponsor | [ ΛspΙnsΙ ] | ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΡ |
spokesman | [ ΛspΙΚksmΙn ] | ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ (ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ - ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½), ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠΌΠΈ |
sportsmanship | [ ΛspΙΛtsmΙnΚΙͺp ] | ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ Π΄ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ |
stamina | [ ΛstΓ¦mΙͺnΙ ] | Π²ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ |
standings | [ ΛstΓ¦ndΙͺΕz ] | ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ |
substitute | [ ΛsΚbstΙͺtjuΛt ] | Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΎΠΊ, Π²ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ |
swifter | [ ΛswΙͺftΙ ] | Π±ΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ |
symbol | [ ΛsΙͺmblΜ© ] | ΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ» |
torch | [ tΙΛtΚ ] | ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π» |
venue | [ ΛvenjuΛ ] | ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ³Ρ, (ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Ρ. ΠΏ.) |
victory | [ ΛvΙͺktΙri ] | ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄Π° |
Summer Olympic Games (Text)
By Kenneth Beare
The Summer Olympic Games will be held in London, England beginning July 17, 2012. Competitors from around the world will compete for the gold, silver or bronze medals. For some athletes, winning is not a real possibility. However, they will strive to set personal and / or national bests in their events. Of course, many world records will also be broken during these games. The intensely competitive nature of the games, the strong national pride involved and the challenge in facing the best athletes from around the world combine to demand the top performances from each individual.
In a world where soccer (football), basketball, golf and tennis dominate television broadcasts, the Summer Olympic Games provide a chance to observe sports not usually covered. When was the last time you watched water polo, or fencing? Chances are you watched them during the 2004 Summer Olympic Games in Greece. In this age when many people are fortunate enough to have cable TV connections, spectators can watch a wide variety of athletic competitions.
Athletics and wrestling are probably the oldest sports in the Olympic Games. The tradition of these sports goes back to the original games held in ancient Greece over 2500 years ago. Some of my favorite events include the javelin throw, the high jump and the pole vault, as well as the hurdles. There will also be a wide variety of water sports that include canoeing, sailing and diving. Naturally, swimming is probably the most popular water sport with a wide variety of competitive events including backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly, freestyle and more.
The summer games also include a number of events that have recently been introduced to the games. Kayaking and mountain biking, baseball and beach volleyball are just a few. I certainly haven"t mentioned all the sports - who would want to miss gymnastics - but you get the idea. Turn on your TV, relax and enjoy a moment of peace and togetherness in this struggling world of ours. The Summer Olympic Games provides an example that we all should follow: competition with respect.