If nothing is known reliably about the formation of some tradition of an entire people, then the time comes for the birth of a legend. It will not necessarily contain any fantastic nuances - very often it is a completely ordinary story, one might even say ordinary. But just as often this story is given some significant name - for greater persuasiveness.
Here is a “live” example. Spring, thaw, impassable mud on Russian roads from the time of the imperial dynasty, which were far from the word “asphalt”. But traffic on the roads has not been canceled. Because of the thick, squelching slurry underfoot, it is difficult for both people and animals to move. And if this animal is harnessed to a cart, as happened with the nameless peasant’s horse, then the chance of getting stuck increases many times over.
All attempts to pull the cart on his own were unsuccessful, but the man was lucky: other villagers were riding behind him, two of whom unharnessed their Savraskas and sent them to help the stuck man. He tied one horse to his left and the second to his right, and the cart successfully crossed the difficult section.
According to legend, the witness to this situation was none other than Count Alexey Orlov. He was so interested in the peasant method that he was inspired and “invented” a new harness. The root horse, the central horse, had to move exclusively at a trot or walk, since the brunt of the load fell on him. Tethered horses - horses on the left and right - could move with any gait, that is, gait. It is believed that this is how the famous Russian troika appeared.
Troika in the postal service
Before the appearance railways important cargo was sent by mail coaches. Officials and travelers traveled on them, and initially these carriages were harnessed to a maximum of a couple of horses. With the advent of the Oryol trotter, the pair was replaced by a trio. This was a very expedient decision, because in this type of team the horses were much less tired, since the load was distributed among three, and besides, the speed developed by a good team of three (up to 50 km/h) did not in the least affect maneuverability.
The last factor was very significant in cities, where often several crews had to pass at the same time on a rather narrow street.
Fighting the habit of whistling
From the notes of Adam Olearius, a famous German scientist and diplomat, you can learn some nuances Everyday life in Russia in the 1630s. Among other things, Olearius said that the driver, approaching the post station, put two fingers in his mouth and whistled deafeningly. Today, whistling is regarded as nothing more than hooliganism and a manifestation of bad manners, but at that time a ringing signal indicated the approach of a mail coach - which meant that it was time to prepare fresh horses at the station so that the coachman would not waste time.
The conventional sign, which, in the opinion of the aristocracy, smacked of “peasant”, was decided to be changed at the highest state level: Peter I issued a decree according to which the coachman was obliged not to whistle, but to give a signal using a special horn. His image was even painted on the doors of postal carriages, and quite serious punishments in the form of fines were applied to the coachmen - it is a known fact that sometimes punishment with a ruble is much more effective than physical violence, which, by the way, was also welcomed. Only it didn’t work: as they whistled, they continued to whistle.
The only means that contributed to the coachmen giving up whistling was the bell. It appeared at the same time as the Oryol trotter and troika, and was intended exclusively for postal carriages - no one else had the right to hang it. The ringing from such a bell could be heard for a couple of miles, and was supposed to warn travelers moving along the road that it would be a good idea to give it up, and for those who inadvertently got lost in the Russian open spaces, it would show the right path to the highway, and with it, to housing .
Troika in creativity
In 1826, the history of the song “Winter Road” began. It was based on a poem by Pushkin, who was impressed by the team: “A trio of greyhounds are running along a boring winter road.” In the same “Moskovsky Vestnik”, where the poem debuted in 1826, it was published again in 1831, but this time along with notes and an image of the troika. Soon the song became one of the most beloved among the people.
The works associated with the Russian troika also include the works of the serf Ivan Makarov. The landowner Vsevolozhsky, on whose property the serf lived, did not split hairs and try to evaluate Makarov’s work, but immediately sent him to become a soldier - to knock the fool out of his head.
In the army, the man was designated as a coachman and assigned to a convoy company that accompanied those exiled to Siberia. In 1852, when he was only 31 years old, Makarov froze to death on the way. How did it become known that he wrote poetry? When he was found, among other things in the driver’s bag they found talented poems that ended up in the hands of Alexander Gurilev, a composer. He could not pass by and put the papers away: instead, a wonderful song was born, “The bell rings monotonously.” More than a century and a half has passed, and the work is still included in the repertoire of many performers and choirs.
Harness as a sign of prosperity
The presence of a real Oryol trotter in the village could only be explained by the arrival of the landowner, and therefore there was no talk of any bells there. In addition, horses began to be collected there in threes from time immemorial, only providence wanted to drag Count Orlov into this. Instead of bells, bronze bells were attached, which were carefully selected in size and sound, so that a melodic, consonant chime was created during the ride.
Due to the lack of purebred trotters, no one was particularly upset - in the village it was not so much the breed that was valued, but the ability of the horse to share hard work with the peasant, but the arches were still attached to the threes. The arc was made flat, and always wide, so that there was room for beautiful painting. Most often it was some kind of cunning national design, made in red, white and black paint, to which bright ribbons and flowers were generously added.
Over time, horses were no longer used on such a large scale. In the fields they were replaced by machinery, and trains appeared instead of postal carriages. But, despite widespread “innovations,” the troika still remained. Not everywhere, of course, and the replacement of horses with iron was gradual. The troika was used at fairs and holidays; not a single winter festivities was complete without the treasured team.
The horses in it were carefully selected according to height and color, and harnessed “for flight”: the root one ran at a trot, and the drawn ones at a small gallop, and the left one began the move with right leg, and the right one with the left one. Wealthy merchants did not skimp: the arcs on their teams were covered with gold leaf and literally shone in the sun. You could also buy a permit and hang a bell for the indigenous people (the guards were provided with bells). Then such a troika could be heard and seen several miles away. But it’s no good keeping such beauty just for the holidays! In the summer there is not much time for fun, but in the winter, when the ice was strong enough, real competitions were held on the rivers to find out whose three were the fastest. Whole villages gathered to watch such races. 
The daring “bird-three” is one of the symbols of Russia. How can one not admire the beautiful running of the troika, if the middle horse, the root horse, acts as a proud dandy, and the outermost ones, the close ones, curl from his sides, twist his necks into rings, and while galloping, they spread so low, as if they really, as horse people say, are “eating snow” !
Troika appeared and received its current name about 200 years ago. According to the rules that existed at that time, when transporting passengers in postal wagons, it was possible to harness three horses only if there were three people.
Two or one had to ride a pair of horses. In tsarist times, in addition to important gentlemen, troikas were used by postmen (postal troika), firefighters and everyone who needed fast speed for a long period of time. Often, troikas were harnessed on the days of weddings and other festive celebrations, when the coachmen could “go wild” and let even a horseman go into a gallop. Troikas appeared only when the roads became wide and well-trodden. Already in the tenth century, all decrees and reports were distributed in Rus' through “carriage”.
Horses that match the color look especially good in a three-piece, so that the horseman stands out from the rest with his large stature and power. The classic move of a troika is recognized as when the trailing ones gallop, and the root walker walks at a steady trot, without faltering. At the same time, a very high speed of 45-50 km/h develops. The mechanism of the troika is that the root horse, walking at a wide, sweeping trot, is, as it were, “carried” by galloping harnesses, fastened to the root horse with lines.
Thanks to this, all three horses tire more slowly, but maintain high speed. Bells under the arc were allowed to be attached only to postal troikas and express express trains, rushing with important state dispatches.
The Troika had no analogues in other countries. The world first recognized and admired the Russian troika in 1911 at the World Exhibition in London. The matched light gray Oryol trotters were indeed good. Three were awarded first prize.
The subject of special pride was the root arch, richly decorated with artistic painting and carving. As for painting, at first arches painted with gold paint were especially popular. The gilded arc was supposed to “burn” from a distance and stand out sharply against the background of a field or forest.
The best triples can be seen today in Moscow at the hippodrome. Troikas from Kostroma, Yaroslavl, Saratov, Kaluga, Vladimir, Vologda and other old Russian cities also come here.
The most famous trio of recent years has been a trio of light gray horses from the Moscow Stud Farm with the Russian trotter Alexandrite, and the Oryol trotters Priz and Vitok. It is this trio that was filmed in the intro for the Vesti program on the RTR channel.
The dashing Russian troika contains the soul of the people, their generosity, cheerful and sometimes sad disposition, love for beauty and the expression of this love.
The classic expression “What Russian doesn’t like driving fast?” has long taken root in the popular lexicon. However, no one else rides troikas except our man. Why?
In a white field a troika rushes
Drive so fast that it takes your breath away. Rush across the expanses of our native Rus', gasping with delight. Isn't this the greatest pleasure! So, the horse troika is a really fast means of transportation. It is capable of reaching speeds of 60 km/h. Where did such an amazing harness principle come from? When did the troika appear in Rus'?
Historians claim that this happened at the dawn of the 18th century with the development of the postal and courier service. However, if we consider that our people always “harness for a long time,” the sudden appearance of a new means of transportation is unlikely.
There is a version that the triple harness was “stolen” (or spied) and the Old Russian Cult of the Prophet Elijah, characteristic of the northern regions. After all, it was on Elijah’s Day that mass races on horse troikas were organized. This harness symbolized the “chariot of fire” that carried the saint to Heaven. This is why accidents during racing were considered a blessing. The old men accompanied them with the words: “Elijah took him to heaven.”
Innovativeness of the invention
Three is not just a principle of combination, but a full-fledged innovation. What was it? Yes, in that each animal moved with its own gait. The central one (root) - only at a trot, and the side ones (trailers) - only at a gallop, turning their heads in different sides and completely trusting the center trotter.
The amazing combination was that the animals conserved their own strength. Korennik set the pace, and the side guys “carried” it. This way the horses were less tired, and the speed was impressive.
Travel speed
60 km/h is a pretty respectable speed, especially in the old days. No team (solo or pair) could achieve such a result. And if she had achieved it, the animals would certainly have died from fatigue.
There is such a story. During Catherine's time, the Austrian King Joseph arrived in the capital. Mother decided to impress him with Russian traditions and offered to take him for a ride in a threesome.
The most daring of the local coachmen was summoned to the palace. The Empress asked him: “Will you deliver the guest to Moscow in one and a half days?” To which he replied: “Order, mother! We can only lose our soul along the way.” By the way, the road to Moscow at that time took 2-3 days on transfer roads.
Breed
For the troika, as a rule, hardy Vyatka horses were used. Oryol trotters were in the teams of the rich. Everything depended on the degree of wealth. However, tradition was an important factor. And who would want to experiment with a breed if there is a risk of freezing to death in the fields if the bad horses die?
How the troika was used
The first use of the troika is believed to be in the courier service. By the end of the 18th century, passenger crews also appeared. True, they were not very common, they transported important people and valuable cargo.
Gradually, weddings began to “fly” in troikas. Celebrations without festively decorated teams were considered poor. The same can be said about national festivities.
How the details were decorated
Rich decoration is an indispensable condition. The root arch was often painted with gilding. Although the common people did not understand this and considered it pretentious. After all, gold was traditionally associated with Elijah.
Later, carvings and elaborate ornaments began to appear on the arches. The same applied to horse blinders. Signs of amulets were applied to them so that Dashing would not spoil the cattle, lead them astray, kill them, or lure them into the thicket.
"Yamskaya accordion"
An obligatory part of the decoration of the harness were bells under the arch of the root. Their ringing symbolized the thunder of Elijah the Prophet. Special bells were assembled, and the whole set was called “yam accordion”. And each three had its own, with a unique melodic sound.
It is noteworthy that in a number of Russian regions there was a practice of getting rid of “witch spells”. The “loud troika” helped this. That is why noisy driving to the accompaniment of bells has become a mandatory attribute of every Russian wedding.
Almost a century has passed since those times, from the streets of Russian cities, three harnessed horses, personifying the daring Russian soul, rushed past. They forever remained a national symbol, and Nikolai Gogol’s catchphrase: “What Russian doesn’t like driving fast?”- is still relevant today.
Visiting foreigners who saw with their own eyes for the first time Russian troika flying along the pavement, they froze in amazement: such beauty and dizzying speed could not be seen in any country in the world. The memory of this unique famous team, thanks to the paintings of artists, has been preserved to this day.
https://static.kulturologia.ru/files/u21941/0-troyuka-0011.jpg" alt=" Elijah the Prophet in a fiery chariot." title="Elijah the Prophet in a fiery chariot." border="0" vspace="5">!}
According to one version, the idea of a three-horse harness was borrowed from epics and myths northern peoples relating to Elijah the Prophet. Since ancient times, in some villages of the Russian North, every year on Elijah’s day, local residents staged ritual horse races on troikas, which were a symbol of the fiery chariot that carried Elijah to heaven.
https://static.kulturologia.ru/files/u21941/image-02.jpg" alt=" “The departure of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich to review the army in 1664.” Author: N.E. Sverchkov." title="“The departure of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich to review the army in 1664.”
The appearance of a paired harness of horses “for flight” became a prerequisite for the appearance of a triple harness, which did not immediately take root and was an extremely rare occurrence on the eternally bad Russian roads. However, over time, the troika gained wide popularity and at the turn of the 17th-18th centuries it began to be successfully used for postal purposes, which significantly reduced the delivery time for postal items and luggage.
Having appreciated the incredible speed, amazing endurance, high load capacity and good maneuverability, the troika was officially legalized and began to be used not only for mail delivery. They transported civil servants, couriers and passengers using sleighs, tarantasses, wagons, and strollers. However, the troika was never harnessed to carriages.
https://static.kulturologia.ru/files/u21941/0-troyuka-0007.jpg" alt="
In the center the team was harnessed"коренника"- сильную и крупную лошадь, которая должна была идти "четкой и быстрой рысью", а по бокам - "присяжных" лошадей, скачущих галопом и изогнувших головы в сторону. Такая расстановка «лошадиных сил» в запряжке давала возможность лошадям развивать головокружительную скорость. Выходило так, что коренника как бы несли за собой пристяжные лошади. Это и было секретом малой утомляемости и огромной скорости русских троек. Ну а ежели удалой кучер хотел немного "полихачить", он пускал коренника в галоп и тогда, казалось, что тройка летит над землей.!}
https://static.kulturologia.ru/files/u21941/0-troyuka-0013.jpg" alt=" Troika.
There is still a story that says that during the reign of Catherine the Great, Emperor Joseph of Austria came to St. Petersburg for a visit. The Russian Empress, having decided to surprise the distinguished guest, wanted to take him on a ride in a Russian troika to Moscow.
https://static.kulturologia.ru/files/u21941/image-03.jpg" alt="They carried it.
And here it’s time to remember the words of the Russian classic N.V. Gogol, who described the image of Russia in this way, comparing it with a “three bird”: "Не так ли и ты, Русь, что бойкая необгонимая тройка несешься? Дымом дымится под тобою дорога, гремят мосты, все отстает и остается позади... Остановился пораженный божьим чудом созерцатель: не молния ли это, сброшенная с неба? Что значит это наводящее ужас движение? И что за неведомая сила заключена в сих неведомых светом конях?" !}
Selection of trotters for triple harness
https://static.kulturologia.ru/files/u21941/0-troyuka-0004.jpg" alt="Russian troika of Oryol trotters.
Russian troika decoration
The decoration of the harness is a special article of the cult of the Russian troika, so it was impossible to imagine a root warrior without an arch decorated with gilding. A little later, the arcs were decorated with ornamental paintings or carvings. Moreover, this was not only of an aesthetic nature, but also served as a talisman against evil forces, against wild animals and robbers.
Each “C” coachman tried to decorate his troika in an unusual, bright and recognizable way, so the troikas were unique. In the second half of the 19th century, gilded arcs were replaced by painted, carved, inlaid copper, and by the end of the century they began to be painted in one color and wrapped with multi-colored ribbons.
Troikas with the ringing of bells
Over time, horse transport filled the streets of cities, and since the rules traffic did not exist, then for high-speed triple harness they began to use bells and bells, which could be heard 2 miles away. This made it possible for townspeople and cab drivers to clear the way in time for the rapidly rushing “bird three”.
At the very beginning, they were allowed to be hung only on postal troikas and courier carriers carrying important state dispatches. Hearing the ringing of the bell, postal workers had time to prepare a replacement troika of horses so as not to delay the delivery of urgent mail. And a little later, riding troikas with bells became widely popular not only among postal drivers.
https://static.kulturologia.ru/files/u21941/0-troyuka-0001.jpg" alt="Pautov Igor. Russian troika" title="Pautov Igor. Russian troika" border="0" vspace="5">!}
The era of the famous Russian troikas came to an end in the middle of the 19th century; they gradually began to be replaced by railway and road transport in rural areas. And at the beginning of the 20th century, the two-hundred-year history of the troika was put to an end, but it remained popular and indispensable in traditional folk festivities.
https://static.kulturologia.ru/files/u21941/0-troyuka-0006.jpg" alt=" Folk festival.
The popularity of triplets knew no bounds and always evoked a spirit of competition. Therefore, starting from 1840, equestrian competitions began to be held in Moscow at the hippodrome. And in 1911, the Russian troika was first seen in Europe, namely in London at the World Exhibition. During Soviet times, competition teams were almost always made up of Oryol trotters, which looked incredibly gorgeous.
Russian troikas were also a worthy present for high-ranking officials of many countries. To this day, competitions where Russian troikas participate are very spectacular and popular.
There are many unimaginable things in the world that delight with their exotic appearance.
Remember Gogol"Мертвые души" и чудесный отрывок, который многие из нас учили в школе и запомнили на всю жизнь... пусть не весь... пусть кусочки... но запомнили!!}
“And what kind of Russian doesn’t love driving fast? Is it his soul that wants to get dizzy, go on a spree, and sometimes say: “Damn it all!” - is it his soul that doesn’t love her? Who can’t love her when something enthusiastic is heard in her? wonderful? It seems that an unknown force has taken you on its wing, and you are flying, and everything is flying: miles are flying, merchants are flying towards you on the beams of their wagons, a forest is flying on both sides with dark formations of spruces and pines, with a clumsy knock and the cry of a crow. , the whole road flies to God knows where into the disappearing distance, and there is something terrible contained in this rapid flickering, where the disappearing object does not have time to appear - only the sky above, and the light clouds, and the passing month alone seem motionless. troika, who invented you? I know, you could only have been born among a lively people, in that land that does not like to joke, but has spread out smoothly across half the world, and go count the miles until it hits you in the eyes. It seems that the road projectile was not grabbed by an iron screw, but hastily equipped and assembled alive by an efficient man from Yaroslavl with just an ax and a hammer. The driver is not wearing German boots: he has a beard and mittens, and sits on God knows what; but he stood up, swung, and began to sing - the horses like a whirlwind, the spokes in the wheels mixed into one smooth circle, only the road trembled, and a pedestrian who stopped screamed in fear - and there she rushed, rushed, rushed!.. And there you can already see in the distance, like something is gathering dust and drilling into the air.”
Hey you, daring troika!
Be reborn! Fly forward!
Let, sweeping away all obstacles,
The spirit of Russia will come alive!
Samarskaya Elena Mikhailovna
Oh! You are a daring troika,
Why is it good?
A troika is rushing, this troika -
Like a Russian soul!
Song by Lyudmila Zykina. Poems by O. Levitsky
Composer V. Temnov
Samarskaya Elena Mikhailovna
The troika is racing, the troika is galloping,
Dust swirls from under the hooves,
The bell is crying loudly,
And he laughs and squeals.
(P. Vyazemsky).But, God, how I love,
Like a troika of a coachman I remove a wagon
He will fly by and disappear...
And for a long time, it seems to me,
The sound of a bell flutters in the silence.
(A. Fet)
Samarskaya Elena Mikhailovna.
What Russian doesn't like driving fast? And fast driving in our tradition is inextricably linked with the Russian troika. It can reach speeds of up to sixty kilometers per hour, which is unattainable for any harness in the world.
The word itself "troika" began to be used in relation to a horse team 200 years ago. At that time, the number of horses in a harness depended solely on how many passengers were transported in the wagon.
If there was one person riding, then they harnessed one horse, if two, then two horses, and, accordingly, if three people sat in the wagon, then they harnessed three horses.
In tsarist times, troikas were ridden not only by the rich, but also by those whose profession was supposed to move quickly: postmen, firefighters, etc. Very often, troikas were harnessed for weddings or other magnificent celebrations, at which the coachman was even allowed to “drive” a little and let them go rootman at a gallop.
Samarskaya Elena Mikhailovna
Troika is an old Russian horse team. The Russian troika was invented to make driving as fast as possible over long distances. This trio is the only multi-gaited harness in the world. Let's figure out what are the features of the Russian troika, how it is structured and how it appeared.
Mikhail Nikolaevich Shrilev.
1. The mystery of the appearance
When did the Russian troika appear? Historians say that at the beginning of the 18th century, when the troika harness began to be used by the royal courier service. However, given that in conservative Rus' any innovation sometimes “infused” for centuries before entering “mass production,” this date raises some doubts. There is a version that the troika was borrowed by government services from secret “horse” cults dedicated to Elijah the Prophet, which from time immemorial have been practiced in some areas of the North of Rus'. Every year on Elijah’s day, ritual horse races were held on troikas, which symbolized the “chariot of fire and the brigade of fiery ones” that carried Elijah to heaven. To crash during the “ascension” was considered a manifestation of Grace: they said, “Ilya took him to heaven.”
Mikhail Nikolaevich Shrilev
2. Uniqueness
The innovation of the troika was that all the horses ran at different gaits.
In the center there is a horse - a root horse, which should go at a clear and fast trot, on the side are harness horses. They usually gallop. As a result, the team can reach a fairly high speed of up to 60 kilometers. The main mechanism of the troika is that the central root is “carried” by the horses. It is for this reason that horses tire slowly and can maintain the developed speed for a long time.
3. Speed
The troika was capable of reaching speeds of up to 60 km per hour. No harness in the world could achieve such a result. There is such a story. Once, during the time of Catherine II, the Austrian Emperor Joseph arrived in St. Petersburg on a visit. The Empress set out to amaze the distinguished guest and give him a ride in a troika. The most daring coachman was brought to the palace, from whom Catherine asked: “Will you take the emperor to Moscow in thirty-six hours?” The daredevil answered the queen: “I’ll take you there, mother.” I’m just not sure that I’ll deliver his soul.” It remains to add that on average, the journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow on transfer roads was two to three days.
Unknown artist.
4. Horse breed
As a rule, in the Russian troika they used horsepower a hardy breed of Vyatka horse. Wealthy gentlemen could afford to harness Oryol trotters to a troika.
A.I.-Sheloumov “Walking in threes.”
The best Russian triple is the one where all three horses are matched in color.
The rootstock, by the way, should be much larger than the attached ones. Beginning in 1840, equestrian competitions began to be organized at the Moscow hippodrome, where threes competed in speed. In 1911, the Russian troika was first seen in Europe, namely in London at the World Exhibition. The troika included: a root worker - Oryol trotter Ratnik Turkish, winner of the Imperial Prize and riding rifle horses as harness horses. There were very few masters who possessed the necessary skills, as well as suitable trotters. However, they still managed to save one of the main symbols of Russia.
If we look at today's times, then competitions where Russian troikas participate, they are very popular.
As a rule, they take place in two stages.
Stage 1. Dressed horses, decorated with ribbons, bells and bells (by the way, riders must also dress appropriately) go out to compete in figure riding. One rider controls three horses at once, which must perform various figures, for example, “voltes”, “eights”, etc.
Stage 2. This is the so-called speed test. The horses are harnessed to a special harness and wear protective devices against injury. The rider and his assistants wear ordinary sports uniform with protective helmets. It is in this part of the competition that the rider, more than ever, needs the help of assistants: he himself controls the horse, and the assistants control the harness horses.
5. Application
Three-piece harness, as already mentioned, was used in the courier service. At the end of the 18th century, important passengers began to be transported on the troika. Over time, the troika became an indispensable attribute of weddings and public festivities on major holidays.
6. Decoration
The three-piece harness was necessarily richly decorated. For example, at first the root arch was painted with gold. This was not just foppishness: gold symbolized the lightning that accompanied the ascension of Elijah the Prophet.
Later, the arcs began to be painted with ornaments and artistic carvings. Moreover, this was not just decoration: saddlers applied so-called protective paintings to the harness, capable of protecting the troika from evil forces, from wild animals and from robbers.
Konstantin Korovin.
7. “Yamskaya accordion”
If the gilded arch of the root symbolized lightning, then the ringing of bells and bells accompanied by the troika was a metaphor for the peals of thunder. People called this “musical set” a “pit accordion.” Almost every three had a unique sound. Interestingly, in some places in Russia it was believed that by taking a ride on a “loud” troika, a person was able to get rid of the spells cast by witches and sorcerers. It was believed that most often unkind people cause damage at weddings, so the ride of the newlyweds in a troika with bells became an indispensable wedding ritual.
Peter Gruzinsky Christmas Fair
For Russian people, the troika of horses has always been a national symbol. The Russian troika is mentioned many times in poems (N. Nekrasov “Troika”, A. Pushkin “Winter Road”, P. Vyazemsky “Another troika”, etc.), songs (the romance “In the Moonlight”, “Here is the postal troika rushing” etc.), literary works (for example, the well-known passage about the Russian troika in N.V. Gogol’s poem “Dead Souls”).
I personally always associate the “Russian troika” with a wonderful movie "Serf Actress"
Winter-winter from the film "The Serf Actress"
Here the daring troika is rushing
Along the pillar road,
And a bell, a gift from Valdai,
It hums sadly under the arc.
The dashing coachman - he got up at midnight,
He felt sad in the silence -
And he sang about clear eyes,
About the eyes of the girl-soul:
"Oh, eyes, blue eyes!
You have crushed the young man;
Why, oh people, evil people,
Have you torn their hearts apart?
Now I'm a poor orphan!.."
And suddenly he waved at all three -
And the kid amused himself with three,
And he filled himself with the nightingale.
Fedor Glinka
Simonova Olga Georgievna
A. Baumgartner-Stoilof
Egorov, Andrey Afanasyevich A trip along a snowy path.
The racing three - Samokish N. S.
Creative Association Artemis Creative Association.
Turkevich Tatyana Aleksandrovna
